Start Over Unit IUL Moving Image Archive

9601. You Can't Eat Tobacco (13:18)

Date:
1942
Main contributors:
Mary L. DeGive; Margaret T. Cussler
Summary:
A social issue film directed at the problems of public health and malnutrition among rural southern tenant-farming communities. The film points directly to exploitative practices of the tobacco ind...

9602. Youth farm volunteers (04:57)

Date:
1942
Main contributors:
United States. Office of War Information. Domestic Branch. Bureau of Motion Pictures
Summary:
Shows how the Extension Service of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture helped recruit and place young people from towns and cities on farms during World War II to combat farm labor shortage.

9603. Aggression and destruction games : balloons (17:33)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Two boys, both between the ages of four and five, are subjects in a study of aggressive and destructive impulses. The film shows how differently two children, but a few months apart in age and fro...

9604. Alaska : reservoir of resources (10:40)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Reviews Alaska's geographical features, locates its three great climatic regions, and indicates the major factors that make Alaska a true reservoir of resources. Depicts activities in the seven gr...

9605. Army in overalls (07:32)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Shows the Civilian Conservation Corps working with Army engineers to improve and expand military reservations in the United States. A defense report on film.

9606. Building a bomber : a defense report on film (19:10)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
United States. Office for Emergency Management
Summary:
"Step-by-step manufacture and assembly of the B-26 medium bomber in the Glenn Martin plant at Baltimore."--War Films, Bulletin of the Extension Division, Indiana University, February, 1943.

9607. Defending the City's Health (11:14)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films Inc.; Wilson G. Smillie
Summary:
Modern community hygiene controls are presented. How the death rate from communicable diseases has been reduced through scientific advances and social controls. The effective functioning of a pub...

9608. Drilling and tapping cast steel (18:58)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Technique of drilling and tapping blind holes in cast steel on a radial drill. A drill jig with loose bushings is used for locating the holes. Setting up the work on the table of the machine, sett...

9609. Drilling, boring and reaming work held in chuck (10:57)

Date:
1941
Summary:
This film gives the operations followed when cutting a tapered hole in a solid forged gear blank. Operations of entering the piece in a chuck, rough facing drilling, taper-boring, and reaming. Che...

9610. Eskimo children (11:01)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films Inc.; Henry R. Collins, Jr.
Summary:
Portrays representative activities of an Eskimo family living on Nunivak Island, off the Alaskan coast. Focuses on the children and looks at the Eskimo solution to the problems of food, shelter, c...

9611. Fixed gages (17:00)

Date:
1941
Summary:
An explanation and definition of the various forms of fixed gages, a demonstration in the correct use and care of fixed gages. Emphasizes their importance in modern mass production. A series of vie...

9612. Give me liberty (20:57)

Date:
1941
Summary:
The scene is Virginia, 1765, just after the King's tax proclamation has been read and the legislature is in an uproar. Ensuing events lead to a protest meeting held by patriots at Richmond, at whic...

9613. Harvests For Tomorrow (26:29)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
United States. Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Adjustment Administration
Summary:
Documents farming practices in the New England states, showing the prosperity that fertile soils brought to hardworking farmers who cleared the hilly land. That fertile soil, rich in minerals, accu...

9614. How the ear functions (12:26)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Diagrams and photographs show the external, middle, and inner ear and their component parts. Illustrates the auditory canal, ear drum, malleus, labyrinth, stapes, semicircular canals, vestibule, c...

9615. How the eye functions (12:04)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Shows the functions of the various parts of the eye by diagrammatic drawings and explanatory notes. A classroom film.

9616. I understand (03:37)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
The Radio Rogues; Minoco Productions, Inc.
Summary:
The Radio Rogues performing the popular song "I Understand". Includes impersonations of Rudy Vallee, Peter Lorre, and Ned Sparks.

9617. It's Up to Us (11:18)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Focuses on the conservation of important natural elements such as rubber, oil and metal needed to support the U.S. Victory Program. Viewers are shown various ways in which they can change daily hab...

9618. Iwo Jima (03:27)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
United States Marine Corps; War Finance Department of the U.S. Treasury Department

9619. Japanese Relocation (10:07)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Immediately following Pearl Harbor, one of the critical problems facing the United States was what to do with the 100,000 people of Japanese descent living up and down the Pacific Coast. The immedi...

9620. Kentucky pioneers (11:12)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Follows two pioneer families along the difficult and dangerous Wilderness Road to the Kentucky frontier fort at Harrod's Station. Describes the hardships encountered in establishing a new home in ...

9621. Life in old Louisiana (1830-1850) (10:55)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Portrays representative aspects of Louisiana and its key city, New Orleans, during the years of Creole dominance. Shows Mississippi River packet boats, delta country, cotton and cane plantations, ...

9622. London fire raids : 29th-30th December 1940 (11:42)

Alternative title:
London fire raid
Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Walker, Bob Danvers
Summary:
Describes the first fire raid on the City of London on the night of December 29, 1940. Opening sequences in the film are taken from the roof of St. Paul's Cathedral. They show the London fire briga...

9623. Maple Festival at [Chardiu] - Spring 1941 (05:18)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Edward R. Feil; Nellie Feil; Mary Feil Hellerstein
Summary:
Ed Feil and family attending the Maple Festival, an annual street festival in Chardon, Ohio. Shows Ed, his siblings, and Nellie enjoying food and activities at the festival. The film then shows Ed ...

9624. Mr. Proudfoot shows a light (08:00)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Howard, Sydney, 1885-1946
Summary:
Humorously using the arrogant and bumbling Mr. Proudfoot, this film serves a dual purpose of emphasizing the importance of obeying blackout hours, as well as easing the stress of the time period by...

9625. News parade of the year 1941 (11:07)

Date:
1941
Summary:
HEADLINES: Roosevelt-Churchill Meet! U.S. Forces in Iceland! Nazi Torpedo Cripples U.S.S. Kearny! Canadians Smash Spitzbergen! Strikes Slow U.S. Defense! Battle for Russia! Sea War in the Baltic!

9626. Pioneers of the plains (10:56)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Traces the experiences of a pioneer family in journeying from Illinois to a homestead on the Midwestern plains. Sequences include their relationship with other settlers and cattlemen, building and...

9627. Scotland speaks (20:21)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Survey of the part played by Scotland in the national war effort including farming, coal mining, and shipbuilding.

9628. Sport thrills (09:29)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Newsreel sport highlights from notable sporting events from the year. Events include: National Basketball Invitational finals, The Preakness, 29th Indianapolis 500 Speedway Race, National Golf Open...

9629. Target for tonight (48:28)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Watt, Harry, 1906-1987
Summary:
Presents an account of an actual air raid by the Bomber Command of the Royal Air Force. Aerial photographs disclose the objective to be raided. Then staff planning, routine preparations, and the te...

9630. The children see it thru (07:51)

Alternative title:
Children see it through
Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Fletcher, Yvonne, 1917-
Summary:
A British production made as a fund raising appeal to American audiences to aid British children affected by the Blitz. The film depicts the hardships of life during wartime for children and discus...

9632. The eyes (advanced) (17:24)

Date:
1941
Summary:
The anatomy of the eye is shown in detail by diagram, regular photography, and cinephotomicrography. Demonstrates how to correct defects in focusing, the approved way of removing foreign objects f...

9633. The eyes and their care (11:05)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Examines the eye in terms of structure, functions, disorders, and hygiene. Reveals, with animated drawings, the various parts of the eye and explains the physiology of sight. Illustrates such eye...

9634. The Forest Ranger (30:45)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
United States. Department of Agriculture. Forest Service
Summary:
Shows the work of the U.S.D.A Forest Service forest rangers across the nation's 161 national forests. Narration lists the forest ranger's duty to "manage the vast American woodland to produce more ...

9635. The Home Place (31:16)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
United States. Department of Agriculture. Extension Service
Summary:
A history of home construction and architectural styles in the U.S. Emphasizes the homestead as symbolic of American values and national character. "The American farmstead, stronghold of human libe...

9636. The micrometer (15:19)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Shows various types of micrometers; how to use a micrometer, read the barrel and thimble scales, check the accuracy of readings, and take care of the instrument.

9637. The milling machine (07:30)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Indicates the basic principle of the standard plain milling machine. Each part of the machine is named and explained, and some elementary setups are demonstrated.

9638. The sunfish (10:54)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Presents the life of the sunfish from the preparation of the nest, the laying and fertilizing of the eggs, the hatching of the eggs, and the development of the fish to maturity.

9639. Venture adventure (07:43)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Hasse, Charles, 1904-2002
Summary:
Short film on the Air Training Corps of the British Royal Air Force, showing recruiting, enlistment and training.

9640. Venture adventure (08:35)

Date:
1941
Summary:
Short film on the Air Training Corps of the British Royal Air Force, showing recruiting, enlistment and training.

9641. Victory bond song (02:29)

Date:
1941
Summary:
The establishment of the payroll savings plan in a large industrial plant, and motivation of the purchase of bonds and stamps by visualizing the things we are fighting to maintain.

9642. Women at war (10:08)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Hemingway, Mary Welsh, 1908-1986
Summary:
Produced for an American audience, the film explores the role of women in the war effort and thanks America for sending relief bundles to the victims of the London Blitz. Shows British women caring...

9643. Women in Defense (11:12)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Work of American women in the war effort: in scientific research, in industries taking the place of men, and in volunteer work--making bandages, contributing to blood banks, etc. Commentary by Kat...

9644. Words for battle (07:54)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Olivier, Laurence, 1907-1989
Summary:
Laurence Olivier's reading of passages from Milton, William Blake, Robert Browning, Rudyard Kipling and Abraham Lincoln accompany scenes of daily life in wartime Britain. The texts selected emphasi...

9645. Worst of Farm Disasters (06:23)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
United States. Department of Agriculture. Rural Electrification Administration; Kendall Foss
Summary:
Worst of Farm Disasters was produced alongside the USDA's Rural Electrification Administration (REA) films Power and the Land and Bip Goes To Town. All three films document the life of an Ohio far...

9646. Zapotec village (19:52)

Date:
1941
Main contributors:
Sergei M. Eisenstein; William F. Kruse; Egon Mauthner
Summary:
Documentary film by Sergei M. Eisenstein, famous Russian movie producer, about the Zapotec Village in Mexico. Made by special arrangement with Upton Sinclair, American author and politician.

9647. Airscrew (21:07)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Tharp, Grahame, 1912-
Summary:
This short nonfiction film depicts the intensive testing that goes into developing and producing aircraft propellers. It opens with the whirring or propeller blades. Animated diagrams show how the ...

9648. And so they live (24:16)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Documents the tragic poverty of families in the southern mountains, the poor land, the lack of proper diet, inadequate housing, absence of sanitation, and the complete lack of adaptation of the sch...

9649. Argentina (people of Buenos Aires) (10:56)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films Inc.; Earle K. James
Summary:
Buenos Aires, the commercial, financial, and industrial hub of predominantly agricultural Argentina. A grain broker and a packing plant employee, with the family of the latter, are introduced as re...

9650. Blessings of Grass (20:33)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
United States. Department of Agriculture; United States. Department of Agriculture. Forest Service
Summary:
Introduced as "the story of cattle grazing in the national forest," the film depicts cooperation between the Forest Service and local ranchers to manage the grazing of herds on public land. Origina...

9651. Block That Termite (19:43)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
United States. Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine
Summary:
A presentation of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine's code for the prevention of termite infestation. Using animated diagrams and detailed photography of actual termite infestations, th...

9652. Boy in court (10:38)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Shows how intelligent probation can change a boy's attitude and conduct. In company with his gang, Johnny steals a car, which is wrecked during the excitement of their get-away. What might have h...

9653. Children of China (11:19)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films, inc.; L. C. Goodrich
Summary:
Presents episodes from the home, school, and play life of children in a representative Chinese village. Traditional patterns of Chinese family life are portrayed. School training in loyalty to pa...

9654. Children of Switzerland (11:14)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films Inc.; Arthur I. Gates; Celeste C. Peardon
Summary:
Presents characteristic activities of a boy and girl living in the Swiss Alps. Follows them through the Alpine village as they watch the tourists and visit shops where clocks and woodcarvings are s...

9655. Chile : people of the country estates (11:07)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films; Indiana University. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Shows Chilean mountains, deserts, glaciers, mines, ports, pastoral areas, and an estate in the agricultural Central Valley. Here the role of the estate is seen in relation to the visiting owner and...

9656. Control of body temperature (11:00)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films Inc.; A.J. Carlson; F.J. Mullin
Summary:
Explains the regulation of body-temperature. Contrasts constant temperatures of warm-blooded animals with fluctuating temperatures of cold-blooded ones. Reveals the relationship of body heat to ene...

9658. Finding your life work (20:52)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Opens with a picture of a boy fishing and quickly leads up to the fact that, in getting a job, the baits required are personality, training, and experience. Then follows a discussion of these poin...

9659. Goofer trouble (07:20)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Elvey, Maurice, 1887-1967
Summary:
"Short fictional film asking people to keep under cover during air raids. A group of English and Canadian fighter pilots report the number of German planes they have each shot down. The rivalry bet...

9660. Health in war (13:19)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Jackson, Pat, 1916-2011
Summary:
"Offers revealing insights into the re-structuring of health services in London and elsewhere in Britain following the outbreak of WWII ... The film is broadly divided into three parts. The opening...

9661. Into the blue (10:39)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Catling, Darrel, 1909-1991
Summary:
Shows how young airmen are trained by the R.A.F. Not only is the standard training such as solo flying shown, but also learning Morse code, navigation lectures, and special bombardier and fighter p...

9662. New York City / Atlantic City / Wilikie 1940 (09:22)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Unknown
Summary:
Home movie from 1939-1940. Begins with New York City footage overlooking Central Park, focus on Chrysler building, skyscrapers, St. Patrick's cathedral, and Rockefeller Plaza. Also shows the city a...

9663. People of Hawaii (11:01)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films Inc.; Margaret Mead
Summary:
Shows the location and physical features of the Hawaiian Islands, a wide variety of immigrant and native workers busy at large-scale production and harvesting of sugar cane and pineapples, other wo...

9664. People of Western China (10:57)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Portrays characteristic aspects of life in the valley of Western China, where habits and customs of past centuries exist side by side with such modern innovations as hydroelectric plants, telephone...

9665. Pig Projects Make Profits (13:26)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Duroc Record Association; Frank Oberkoetter Studios
Summary:
Addressed to members of 4-H or FFA clubs interested in learning to raise pigs, stating "thousands of boys and girls choose swine for their livestock project work." Provides instruction and guidance...

9666. Radio and television (11:29)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Indicates the preparation necessary for entrance into radio work, stressing a strong foundation in science and mathematics. The development of personality and a cultural background is stressed. Gi...

9667. Siege (09:50)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Bryan, Julien H. (Julien Hequembourg), 1899-1974
Summary:
Presents a vivid record, uncensored by military authorities, of the 1939 siege and fall of Warsaw.

9668. T.V.A. (20:01)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Tennessee Valley Authority; National Defense Advisory Committee
Summary:
Narration introduces this report as "the story of the development of the Tennessee River," showing ongoing construction of major public works projects conducted under the Tennessee Valley Authority...

9669. Tall Tales (09:41)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Presents ballad singers singing three authentic American folk songs: "Strawberry Roan," "Grey Goose," and "John Henry." The background for the singers is a farmhouse kitchenyard after the noonday m...

9670. The Land - To Have and To Hold (14:34)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
United States. Department of Interior. Division of Motion Pictures
Summary:
Recounts the history of land ownership by small farmers in the U.S. Free land for farmers gradually disappeared as the west was settled through the 19th century, resulting in the necessity for farm...

9671. The passenger train (10:49)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Describes a journey on a streamlined Diesel-electric passenger train from a large city through a picturesque countryside. Depicts the duties of the engineer, the conductor, the cooks, and the pull...

9672. The policeman (10:39)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Shows Jim Barnes, the typical policeman, directing traffic, rescuing a cat caught in a tree, finding a lost child, and arresting a reckless driver. Portrays the radio station at headquarters, a cru...

9673. The snapping turtle (10:49)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films Inc.; E. Laurence Palmer
Summary:
Presents the life story of the snapping turtle in its natural habitat. Observes the snapping turtle's features, its encounters with other animal life, the laying and protection of its eggs, its ha...

9674. The story of wheat (11:39)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Deals with the history, growth, harvesting, and preparation of wheat for its most important use as bread.

9675. They also serve (07:48)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Grierson, Ruby, 1904-1940
Summary:
"Story of an average wartime housewife whose dawn to dusk activities provide support for the duties of soldiers and defence workers."--BFI website.

9676. They Do Come Back (16:38)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Tells the dramatic story of two young people whose lives are interrupted and threatened by tuberculosis. Shows modern tuberculosis case-finding, diagnosis, hospitalization, and rehabilitation afte...

9677. Valley town : a study of machines and men (24:51)

Date:
1940
Summary:
Presents a documentary study of an important factor in the problem of unemployment--that of workers displaced by automatic machinery. Tells the story of a typical American steel town in the 1920's...

9678. Work of the kidneys (11:06)

Date:
1940
Main contributors:
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films Inc.; A. J. Carlson; H. G. Swann
Summary:
Describes the structure and function of the renal system, and explains how the kidneys maintain uniformity in blood and tissues. Demonstrates, with animated drawings and laboratory experiments, the...

9679. Community Sing: Songs of Stephen Foster (11:02)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
Columbia Pictures Corporation
Summary:
A Columbia short subject presentation, distributed for classroom exhibition by Teaching Film Custodians. Presents Stanley Brown, Donald Grayson, and others in a program of Stephen Foster songs: Oh ...

9680. Endocrine Glands (10:49)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, inc.; A. J. Carlson; H. G. Swann
Summary:
Demonstrates the importance of various glands of internal secretion. Experiments and diagrams illustrate how the pituitary gland exercises control over other glands and over growth, how parathyroid...

9681. Heredity (11:03)

Date:
1939
Summary:
The mode of transmission of hereditary materials which are responsible for the inherited characteristics of all plants and animals is presented. Live action and animation are used to demonstrate wh...

9682. Heritage (15:42)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
Canadian Government Motion Picture Bureau
Summary:
History of the settlement of the western Canadian prairie lands, from pioneers in covered wagons to the booming wheat industry of the early 20th century. Shows that the prosperity brought by wheat ...

9683. Juarez (29:51)

Date:
1939
Summary:
Teaching Film Custodians classroom film of excerpts from the 1939 Warner Bros., feature film, "Juarez". Dramatizes the struggle of Benito Juarez to maintain independence and republicanism in Mexic...

9685. Land of Mexico (11:00)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films, inc.; Wallace W. Atwood
Summary:
Portrays, with animated maps, the physical characteristics of Mexico and its strategic geographical relation to the United States. Enumerates her natural resources and industries. Depicts urban li...

9687. Navajo Indians (10:52)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Tells the story of Taska and Alnaba, a young Navajo couple who are betrothed. Portrays their native environment and such activities as building a home, tilling the soil, tending sheep, carding the...

9688. Round the World Trip 1939 : Part 1 South Asia and Europe (50:00)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
Richard Leslie Gair (1892-1970)
Summary:
McRobbie-Gair Family Home Movies Collection: This movie documents farewell activities at the Port of Melbourne with members of the Gair family and friends on board the Peninsular & Oriental Steam N...

9689. Round the World Trip 1939 : Part 2 – Europe (1:13:21)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
Richard Leslie Gair (1892-1970)
Summary:
McRobbie-Gair Family Home Movies Collection: Footage is comprised of travelogue sequences primarily from south, central, and western England, but also of Sweden and Scotland. County and city locati...

9691. The corn farmer (corn, hogs, beef cattle) (11:08)

Date:
1939
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films Inc.; William M. Gregory
Summary:
Describes the work of a farmer in planting, cultivating, and harvesting his corn crops. Presents problems of crop rotation, haying, hog and cattle raising, and marketing. Contrasts uses of machiner...

9693. Boats (10:36)

Date:
1938
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Portrays the experiences of a boy and a girl going by boat from Albany, down the Hudson River, to New York City. Along the way, the children see many types of water craft, including a sailboat, a ...

9694. Bring the World to the Classroom (19:54)

Date:
1938
Main contributors:
ERPI Classroom Films, Inc.; Encyclopaedia Britannica Films Inc.
Summary:
Promotes the catalog of ERPI Classroom Films to educators, presenting excerpts from dozens of films with narration extolling their effectiveness (ERPI Classroom Films was the predecessor to Encylop...

9695. Camping Education (20:14)

Date:
1938
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Advocates that camping be made an integral part of the school experience in this title originally produced in 1938. Examines a program for training professional educators in the area of outdoor ed...

9696. Dance festival (11:36)

Date:
1938
Main contributors:
Soyuz-Kino-Chronica; Tamara Hanoum; Ania Gouliaeva
Summary:
Presents four styles of folk dances from the Soviet Union, Uzbekistan, Georgia, and Ukraine. Performed by the USSR delegation to the International Dance Festival in London, England. Dances include ...

9697. Digestion of food (11:17)

Date:
1938
Main contributors:
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films Inc.; A. J. Carlson; H. S. Swann
Summary:
Covers the mechanical and chemical aspects of digestion, together with the controlling factors. Includes mastication, swallowing, stomach contractions, intestinal segmentation, intestinal peristal...

9698. Distance races (10:04)

Date:
1938
Main contributors:
Erpi Classroom Films; Lawson Robertson; Dean Cromwell
Summary:
Includes races from 1,000 to 10,000 meters and steeplechase. Style of distance runner contrasted vividly with that of dash man. Differences in typical physiques. Steeplechase portrays various met...

9700. Japan (30:22)

Date:
1938
Main contributors:
Eastman Kodak Company
Summary:
A tour of Japan showing scenes of cities including their shops, newspapers, and elementary schools; sports, including wrestling and archery; Japanese home life, manners, and customs; the manufactur...