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Much of today’s exploration of space would be impossible without the early astronomical discoveries of Hipparchus (hih-PAR-kus). According to Dr. Posin, the greatest of these discoveries was that“the tip of the axis of the earth, through the centuries, make a circle in the heavens.” With the help of work done by scientists before him, such as Archimedes, Hipparchus was able to find ways of determining longitudes on earth and in the sky, thereby laying important groundwork for astronomical discoveries through the ages.
Huyghens (HY-gunz) discovery that Saturn is surrounded by rings which look different on earth at different times led to considerable speculation as to the nature of the rings. Some scientists believed they were solid, others maintained they were made up of particles of matter, as is actually the case. Among Huyghens’ other discoveries was the triangular expanse on Mars (“Syrtis Major”), which may be an expanse of vegetation. He also invented a very fine eyepiece, still used by physicists, which overcomes color spread. And “Huyghens Principle” regarding light spread is also constantly in use. Despite early illness and his resulting weak constitution, Huyghens was able to make discoveries that have been inestimable use to scientists who came after him.
Acknowledge as one of the greatest observational astronomers who ever lived, Tycho (TY-ko) Brahe (BRAH-ee) managed to make enormous strides without the help of telescopes. During his lifetime he discovered that comets are the product of interplanetary space rather than of the earth, as had long been believed. His inventions included a number of highly accurate instruments, and among his publications was a most valuable table of refractions. Toward the end of his life, he was joined by Johannes Kepler, who functioned as Brahe’s assistant and, after the great astronomer’s death, continued the work his friend had begun.
States that only a lack of engineers and adequate materials kept the helicopter from being an actuality during da Vinci's lifetime. Pictures this great inventor creating workable plans for the helicopter, the submarine, and hundreds of other "modern" inventions--all backed by scientific data. According to Dr. Posin, Leonardo "was always lured by the subtle, the fleeting, the unknown--this was the artist in him. Yet he searched for exact reasons and causes and logic--this was the scientist."
Indicates that the problem of getting to Mars of Venus, heretofore a concern only to science fiction writers and afficionados, has now become an international obsession. Shows that the strides being made in the space race would not be possible were it not for the work of Copernicus and other scientists of his stature. States that it was Copernicus who realized that the earth is not the center of the universe but merely one of many heavenly bodies, all moving according to a definite system.
Discusses the work of Newton, who was born the day Galileo died, and was a contemporary and friend of Huyghens. Describes Newton's Principia Mathematica, one of the greatest scientific books ever written which was published through his friendship with Halley, another outstanding scientist of the time. Briefly discusses Newton's most important contributions to science which were his theories of light and prisms, and of motion and bodies in space.
Part 1: Discusses the occasions when it is necessary to shift to a lower gear ratio and gives directions as to how this is done. Explains the dangers of and the reasons for emergency stops. List series of things that happen before the car actually stops--driver sees object in his path, recognizes object, decides to stop, and then applies the brakes. Part 2: Explains how to make proper right turns on 2-way streets, left turns on 2-way streets, right and left turns on 1-way streets, and the three ways of turning the car around--U-turn, turning the width of the street, and turning in an alley or side street. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Discusses the necessity of understanding car mechanics for maintenance purposes. Explains the power source, the cooling and electrical systems, lubrication, brakes, exhaust, and power accessories. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Explains the use and necessity of the windshield and windows, lights, sun visors, horn, rear view mirrors, horse power, control devices, and the good driver. Discusses the future of and public attitude toward safety features. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Discusses Interstate Highway systems, increase in motor vehicle registrations, types and surfaces of today's roads, and the road building program. Explains various ways to build safety into roads--wide lanes, broad shoulders, easy curves, sight distances, wide bridges, grade separation, etc. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Illustrates early cars, compares them with today's automobiles, and discusses three interdependent areas--the car, the roadway, and the driver. Discusses means of solving the highway death toll-engineering, enforcement, and education. Explains the purpose of the Driver Education course. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Emphasizes the necessity for each driver to know his limitations. Explains the importance of good vision, hearing, and general health; the dangers of and compensation for temporary illness, fatigue, and age; the necessity of disqualifying many types of disabilities; and the dangers of carbon monoxide poisoning and ways to prevent it. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Explains the effect of alcohol and drugs on the driver. Points out the necessity of severe punishment for the driver who drinks and what can be done to improve the situation. Discusses the social drinker and teenagers and drinking. Describes the hazard of drugs, including doctors' prescriptions for various ailments as well as narcotics. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Draws a comparison between the car and the driver--the car has been standardized but no two drivers are psychologically the same. Explains the types of immature driver personalities--egotist, show-off, emotionally disturbed, inattentive, and timid. States the importance of self-analysis for driver and non-driver. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Explains misconceptions concerning the purpose, suspension or revocation of, and prerequisites for a driver's license. Presents a desirable driver's license program. (Cincinnati Public School and WCET) Kinescope.
Discusses the importance of the shape of signs; the proper placement of signals and roadway markings; the importance of traffic and pedestrian controls; radar and speed checks; the value and necessity of a traffic engineer; and plans for future traffic control. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Depicts how nature's traffic laws demand obedience. Explains the workings of such natural forces as friction, centrifugal force, momentum, force of impact, and the pull of gravity. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Emphasizes that without traffic laws our street and highways would be in a state of confusion. Discusses the uniform code covering speed, passing, traffic signals, stops and stops signs, and turning movements.
Defines leadership as a set of group functions and a good leader as one who helps the group to accomplish its goals. Defines and shows examples of self-serving functions, task functions, and group building functions. Points out that these functions are necessary to effective leadership.
Presents a contrast of Chinese and Western attitudes with regard to man's place in nature. Discusses differing concepts of freedom, nature, and anxiety. Outlines the premises upon which Taoism and Confucianism are based.
Using dramatized events and newsreels, this film shows the organizing done during World War II to ship war supplies to the military. Shows the work of the Army Transportation Corps in providing ship convoys, as well as the work done by supply depots.
Analyzes advertising in twentieth century America, and its dual function as mirror and molder of our culture. Demonstrates that admen have long been fluent with the familiar slogan, jingle, testimonial, and doctor's endorsement--by which values and dreams, rather than commodities, are made the fare of public consumption. Reminds us that we must guard against the temptation to make advertising the scapegoat for our own materialism, for admen can erect and support only the images that society tacitly permits.
Presents an overview of best sellers of the 20th century and analyzes the continuities and contrasts in the literary tastes of the American public. Notes the persistency of "how-to" books, from those describing short-cuts to financial success to those on religious topics. Examines the concept of reading for escape and the ways in which it has changed over the years.
Discusses the criticisms of the present party system and evaluates proposed changes. Points out the changes in the election system that would be necessary for any party reform. Suggests that any reforms would depend on greater public participation in the parties, which in turn would create less need for party reform. (University of Michigan Television) kinescope.
Discusses the theory of political campaigns, and simulates, with actors, a committee outlining the campaign strategy for a candidate. Covers such issues as the techniques to be used, to whom they will appeal, and financing the campaign. Gives a general summary and evaluation of party campaigns and strategies. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
An advertisement for Burlington department stores in which performer Petula Clark sings a jingle onstage about the "Burlington look." One of the winners of the 1975 Clio Awards.
Discusses the voting behavior of the public in the 1952 election. Compares the public participation in the 1952 election with participation in other countries. Classifies the eligible voters into three groups, and discusses significant aspects of each group. Presents reasons for people voting as they do. Reviews the shifts in parties controlling the federal government since 1916. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
Discusses the origin, development, and rise of political interest groups in America and their role in the legislative process. Describes the organization and techniques of interest groups, and reviews legislation governing their activities. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
Introduces the series AMERICAN POLITICS. Proposes to answer the following questions. (1) What are the nature, purpose, and methods of the major American political parties? (2) How are the parties' candidates nominated, including candidates for president and vice-president? (3) What have been the parties' records on the major issues of American politics? (KETC) Kinescope.
This final program on the series is a “crystal ball” attempt to look into the future and answer the question, “Where is American art going?” A panel of well-known American figures in American art assists Dr. Preston in an attempt to select those elements in today’s painting which may well be termed characteristic of this era by later generations and to trace out the lines of development which will determine the future.
Explores the sources of mysticism in American Art today and identifies qualities which mark a work as being mystical in character. Features a discussion with Darrell Austin, the painter, and readings from mystical poetry by Dr. Wilbur Scott of Hofstra College. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Defines and discusses subject matter and content on art. Illustrates these concepts with pictures, prints, sketches, and selections from literature. Includes a brief discussion of art forms in which style and technique have become the content. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Discusses style as related to form, space, color, line, and scope of treatment. Illustrates these elements with paintings by Avery and Pickett. Demonstrates and discusses various methods of applying pigment and illustrates their effects in works by Sawyer and Wilson. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Continues the discussion of abstract art begun in ABSTRACT ART: PART 1. Discusses inspiration, technique, and communication in abstract painting. Features Stuart Davis, American abstract painter, and shows works by Davis and by Jackson Pollock. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Inside of a giant telescope points upwards as the doors start to open to display the night sky above. Close by we see groups of people dressed for a black tie event mingling with each other. A shooting star appears in the sky and lands on the grass as a new Ford vehicle, this repeats two more times and each Ford displayed is white. The announcer talks about each and a short jingle is sung after he is finished talking. The party walks over to where the Fords are parked and they start to look and point at them as they surround each of the new models.
Women clothes are thrown over a changing screen. When the screen is removed it is revealed that the person behind the screen is a man smoking Dutch Masters Cigars.
A couple are sitting at a French café when a Frenchman begins to eye them causing the wife to be unsettle. When the Frenchman approaches the table the thing, he was eyeing was the White Owl cigars the man was smoking.
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films Inc., George T. Renner, Jr.
Summary:
Traces the evolution of world map concepts from ancient times to the jet age, emphasizeing the influence of air transportation on present-day concepts of map making. Describes the three-dimensional nature of the earth, explains the distortion which ensues when inpressions of the globe are transferred to a two-dimensional flat map, and illustrates many types of flat maps. Uses animation to explain latitude and longitude, and shows how to use a polar projection map. Collaborator, Georgege T. Renner
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films Inc., Nathaniel Kleitman, John T. Bobbitt
Summary:
Uses models and animation to identify the functions of the medulla and cerebellum and to describe the cerebrum in detail. Portrays a motorist making a quick decision in order to avoid an accident and proceeds to show the medulla, cerebellum, and cerebrum and to describe the functions of parts of the cerebrum. Discusses the steps involved in response to stimuli including reception, recognition, and interpretation.
A man asks a French woman if she is using a fancy French soap. The French woman replies that she uses American Camay because it leaves her skin soft and fresh.
Discusses the beliefs, concepts, and attitudes which have influenced the novels of John Updike. Presents several selections from short stories read by the author and accompanied by scenes which depict the narration.
An office building at night, streetlamps, floodlights, and a fancy chandelier are displayed as the announcer talks about the fun of night life. In a lobby two very fashionable couples meet and the announcer talks about Vogue fashion trends, specifically silk brocade suits. There's mention of other textiles and fashion trends throughout the ad. They then go outside and see a Ford Galaxie with friends in it, one couple goes in the backseat and the car is talked about more. Cut to people getting off a yacht and a dinner is set out the docks with very fashionable people. The Ford Thunderbird pulls up nearby and two couples walk towards it talking to the driver and marveling at the car. Then at a carousel in the park a couple is having a great time when their friends pull up in a Ford Falcon. Two couples walk over to the couple in the car and all fit inside as they drive away. At the end the announcer says that Vogue endorses the Fords for being fashionable.
A group sings a jingle explaining the benefits of Autolite Sparkplugs. Different illustrations and animations provide visual representation of the jingle lyrics.
Describes the contributions of Arthur Schawlow in the development of the ruby laser. Demonstrates, through a working model of atoms, how ordinary light is produced and how laser light is generated and controlled, and shows why getting the light under control is so difficult. Presents several sequences showing Schawlow's part in working out the physics behind the first successful laser.
An advertisement for "Maxim Freeze-Dried Coffee," or instant iced coffee, narrated by a man who is accompanied by music. The scene depicts percolators being used in fourteen different ways other than to make coffee, such as a fishbowl, during the summer. The scene ends with a close-up of the product on ice as the narrator says, "You may never "perc" again."
Four men on motorcycles drive through the night in search of the right cologne. The men find four women in the middle of the road, each with the four types of Numero Uno cologne. The men pair up with the women and they all drive off into the night.
A mother reflects on the big milestone in a toddler life including the types of foods they eat. As the mother begins to talk about baby food, cartoon babies present different types of Gerber baby foods to the audience while they perform circus acts.
Presents a dialogue between Indian spiritual leader Krishnamurti and the boys of the Thatcher School of Ojai, California, in which Krishnamurti encourages the students to question life in order to enhance their self understanding. Warns against the traditional intellectual and argumentative approach to questioning, which Krishnamurti believes dulls the mind. Shows the boys posing questions concerning war as a way of life, acceptance of death, and such world problems as hunger and poverty.
Fresh Deodorant [unknown title] : Pictures of a woman plucking flowers are shown as a narrator state how Fresh does not promise to lead you towards romance.
Ivory Bar "Best for Judy": A little girl ,named Judy, plays house and brings home Ivory soap from her shopping trip. Judy then takes a bath as a narrator talks about how Ivory soap is the best soap for girls and their mothers.
To show how Kaiser foil retains moisture two wet sponges are placed in an oven. One is wrapped in Kaiser aluminum foil and the other is not. At the end of the experiment only the sponge wrapped in Kaiser foil still has water in it.
John Beard, Executive Director, Fountain House, Robert Kaiser, Gary C. Bergland, Larry Novak
Summary:
Shows how Fountain House, located in the "Hell's Kitchen" section of New York City, reintegrates patients returning from mental institutions as functioning citizens. Explains that the house is non-residential and most of the people who come there do not have jobs. Records how Fountain House helps its people find housing, provides vocational training, arranges jobs with nearby businesses, and offers community services in the house itself. Includes conferences between patients and staff at the house and at places of work.
Columbia Pictures Corporation, Robert Cohn, Arthur A. Ross, Nedrick Young, Will Jason, Vincent J. Farrar, James Sweeney, George Brooks, Frank Tuttle, Helen Hunt, Carter De Haven Jr., Russell Malmgren, Irving Klein, Mischa Bakaleinikoff, Wyonna O'Brien, George Coulouris, Ted Donaldson, Sharyn Moffett, John Litel, Ann Doran, Paula Raymond, Peggy Converse, Flame
Summary:
Teaching Film Custodians classroom film of excerpts from the 1948 Columbia Pictures Corporation feature film, "Rusty Leads the Way". When 10-year old Danny decides his parents exercise too strict control, he decides to run away from home. His parents help him pack and bid him farewell. Outside the front door Danny decides he has been too hasty and re-enters the house, unaware of their anxiety. The parents' ruse proves successful.
A pair of slippers walk from a bedroom to a bathtub. When the slippers arrive at their destination the scene transitions to a woman taking a bath with Sweet Heart soap. A narrator talks about the benefits of using Sweet Heart soap.
In this French speaking commercial, two boys meet on a dark street corner wearing noir trench coat and show each other the Yogi Bear coin they got in a Kellogg’s Rice Krispies box.
Depicts man as the end link in "The Chain of Life" and indicates that he is limiting his own survival by destroying other links in the chain. Explains that a healthy environment is as essential to the survival of man as to plants and animals, since man must ultimately consume plants and animals. Points out that pesticide controls can be biological rather than chemical, but consumers prefer "pretty" fruit to the blemished skin of safe fruit. Emphasizes that industries prefer chemical to biological control for economic reasons.
Fireworks go off before the commercial transition to an Asian woman walking through a forest. A narrator explains how the essence of the "exotic" Far East is captured in Jade East's cologne and aftershave.
The commercial opens with shots of men performing different recreational hobbies. The commercial then transitions to footage of Avon colognes contained in decanters in the shape of different hobbies and interests. The narrator encourages women to buy an Avon product for their significant other this Christmas.
As a cup of coffee is poured the coffee doesn’t spill over the edge but instead rises another half a cup to indicate the cup and a half of flavor in Maxwell coffee. Maxwell high quality flavor comes from their use of fresh coffee beans.
Ray Milland strolls down some steps and stops to buy a rose in French from a woman with a flower stand. He gives the rose to her and then walks over to his car. He describes the car in voice over as it drives it around the city with cobbled and flat streets. The place he's driving it in is meant to be France as everyone is wearing berets, carrying baguettes, and there's beautiful old architecture. He says some French phrases several times in the ad.
Cartoon characters inform the viewer of the benefits commercials provide to the consumer. A narrator state how if a viewer sees a commercial with a National Association of Broadcaster seal it means that the television station follows the National Association of Broadcaster principal guidelines for commercials.
A salesman tells the audience the result of competition amongst supermarket has cause Wrigley to sell Libby’s can corn and peas at the low price of 13 cents. He concludes by saying the consumer is the real winner in this price war.
A narrator explains how Ipana toothpaste can prevent tooth pain by removing tartar on gums. The tartar is compared with plaster which is hard to remove once it has hardened.
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, inc., R. O. Freeland, John Nash Ott, Jr.
Summary:
Shows the steps in the life-cycle of the pea plant. Uses animation and time-lapse photography to explain the roles of roots, stem, leaves, flower, fruit, and seed.
Discusses the economic, political, and moral aspects of the use of insecticides on a wide scale by public agencies. Discusses effects of insecticides on insects, birds, and fish. Interviews public health authorities and Audubon Society leaders on the economic consequences of using insecticides. Makes a strong plea for more careful government control of wide-scale spraying.
Poor children ask in their native language for help. Footage is shown of people’s plight around the world. The commercial concludes with the narrator asking the viewers to donate to their respective religious charity.
Two men on a camera rig are boosted up as an announcer tells us we are on the Warner Brothers lot. The ad mentions the new movie "Saratoga Truck" starring Ingrid Bergman who would be featured in another Ford sponsored ad. It also mentions current and past credits filmed on the soundstages including "Life with Father", "Spirit of St. Louis", and "Ice Palace". For each soundstage and time period they put a 1960 Ford model and show the actors in the scene interacting with the vehicle and being amazed by it. This ad highlights the Galaxie, Starliner, station wagon models, and the Fairlane 500 Ford. We see the crew in many of the shots preparing the scenes and the director and company sitting in seats watching the sets with their backs to us.
David Prowitt, Dr. Konrad Lorenz, Gordon Rattray-Taylor, Larry Toft, Don Feldstein, Peter Cantor, Sharon Lynne Gross
Summary:
An exciting look into the study of aggression featuring the precedent-setting research in animal psychology of Professor Konrad Lorenz, author of “On Aggression,” at the Max Planck Institute in Germany.
Footage is shown of a festival in Valencia, Spain and a Valencian chef cooking a traditional rice dish. A narrator then states how the viewer can try the same Valencian rice dish by buying a Betty Crocker’ Rice with Valenciana Sauce box.
Depicts the historical development of the Northwest Territory describing the growth of government, the distribution of land, and the formation of a free educational system as set forth in the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. Illustrates the living conditions and problems involved in settling and expanding the area into a great agricultural region. Shows the development of the transportation system. Emphasizes the important contribution cooperation among pioneers made in settling this region.
"Vogue says Ford means a fashion success". We several women dressed in elegant dresses in different locations around New York City with a Ford Galaxie nearby all of them. A female vocalist sings about being fashionable and then starts singing about the car and we see a wide shot of it. An announcer talks about the beauty of the car, and says the car was in a recent issue of Vogue magazine. We see more shots of the car from the side and other angles. The tagline is repeated by the vocalist at the end with the pin showing the statement on screen again.