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Uses a family discussion and a series of cartoons to explain the farm surplus problem. Illustrates how and why surpluses arise. Provides alternatives which might solve the problem. (Agrafilms, Inc.) Film.
Many researchers in a wide variety of disciplines outside of computer science are developing software tools as part of their research agenda. The current academic-publishing climate often then requires researchers to publish separate articles on their software tools, treating the tools as byproducts rather than primary research outputs. This presentation introduces Design Based History Research (DBHR) as a methodological bridge between the practices of digital-history tool design, the use of digital methods to create historical argumentation, and social-science-inspired methodological innovation. Design Based Research (DBR) is an approach to studying learning theory that asks researchers to integrate a theory into a design, implement the design, and then study the design as a way of modifying both the theory and the design that aims to reify it. DBHR is an adaptation of the DBR approach that seeks to center software tools as a primary research product by offering a template for research that is rooted in the concurrent and intertwined development of historical theory, digital-history tools, and collaborative historical methods.
This project employs text annotations on recordings of conversations of heritage Spanish speakers (HSSs) of Mexican descent that reside in Indiana to create a data visualization of the topics that promote code-switching between Spanish and English. The methodology includes conducting recorded conversations of bilingual speakers talking to a bilingual friend or a family member about Mexican-American culture. Participants were asked to speak as naturalistically as possible. The tools for the text analysis of the present study include ELAN (Sloetjes & Wittenburg, 2008) to create annotations and Voyant (Sinclair & Rockwell, 2016) to create text visualizations.
Text analysis of topics that promote more use of code-switching and the direction of the switch, Spanish to English or English to Spanish, can be useful to design data collection tasks for studies on Hispanic linguistics and bilingual heritage speakers’ culture. Additionally, the present study helps document the current state of code-switching according to cultural topics. To my knowledge, there are no existing analyses that document the topics that promote code-switching, nor the directions of the language switch using digital humanities tools to analyze text annotations of sociolinguistics interviews, so this study offers a viable option to present these types of information.
