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Summarizes discussions in previous UNDERSTANDING THE CHILD films dealing with patterns and measurements of growth in children. Indicates the need for scientific knowledge in child rearing practices and how this knowledge is constantly changing. Discusses how changing attitudes toward habit training are affecting the approach to learning in the schools. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
In discussing communism as an internal problem, students from Britain, Norway, India and the Philippines deal in a rather inclusive manner with this difficult issue. In a most lively discussion, the panelists examine the topic from numerous angles, but stress particularly how we can at the same time control communism and protect civil liberties. Whether politicians should deal with internal communism, and whether it would be advisable to outlaw the communist party are also considered. In this connection several related problems are brought to light: Would the party be more difficult to control if it were forced completely underground; would there be danger of confusing liberals and other nonconformists with communists? An attempt is also made to define subversion, and several opinions are presented. Whether or not congressional committees are operating fairly and successfully is also discussed. One student expresses the fear that men may be unnecessarily hurt because of the fact that a committee may publicly suggest that he is guilty of some act, and yet is not empowered actually to establish that guilt or innocence. While much of the discussion centers, around the problem in the United States, several of the students describe what is being done in their own country about the problem, and the point is made that the solution for one country may not necessarily be the answer for another.
William J. Thiele, William Bruckner, Jack Chertok, Lee Van Cleef, Kenneth Tobey, Henry Morgan, Keith Richards, Lyle Talbot, Peter Hanson, Teaching Film Custodians
Summary:
Teaching Film Custodians abridged classroom version of an episode of the Cavalcade of America television series, "Duel at the OK Corral" (season 2, episode 20), which originally aired March 9th, 1954 on ABC-TV. This film highlights the efforts of Marshall Wyatt Earp to free the West of dangerous armed gunmen. Earp's activities in Dodge City, Kansas, in Deadwood, South Dakota, and in Tombstone, Arizona are featured.
Delegates from Australia, the Union of South Africa, and the Gold Coast discuss the problems of education both in the United States and abroad. Each of the delegates to the forum was the guest of a school during his twelve-week stay, and during that time, each had a good opportunity to gain first-hand knowledge of the American school system. One of the students attended a private school here, while the other two attended public schools. Like the blind men who "see" the elephant with their hands, and then attempt to describe it, each of the three has a somewhat different impression of school life here. However, each of the schools which they have attended seems rather typical of one trend or another in American education. In discussing education in this country, they deal with, among other problems, the question of objective as opposed to essay-type examinations, private and public schools, and the differences between the standards in wealthy and less prosperous communities. Both of the delegates from Africa seemed to feel that, while American students are fairly well-versed on the history and problems of Europe, they seem to know comparatively little about other sections of the world. The exchanges between the delegates from the Union of South Africa and the Gold Coast concerning segregation are interesting. Since two of the participants are from the English Commonwealth, it was inevitable that there should be examination of the educational problems growing out of colonial rule.
Delegates from Australia, the Union of South Africa, and the Gold Coast discuss the problems of education both in the United States and abroad. Each of the delegates to the forum was the guest of a school during his twelve-week stay, and during that time, each had a good opportunity to gain first-hand knowledge of the American school system. One of the students attended a private school here, while the other two attended public schools. Like the blind men who "see" the elephant with their hands, and then attempt to describe it, each of the three has a somewhat different impression of school life here. However, each of the schools which they have attended seems rather typical of one trend or another in American education. In discussing education in this country, they deal with, among other problems, the question of objective as opposed to essay-type examinations, private and public schools, and the differences between the standards in wealthy and less prosperous communities. Both of the delegates from Africa seemed to feel that, while American students are fairly well-versed on the history and problems of Europe, they seem to know comparatively little about other sections of the world. The exchanges between the delegates from the Union of South Africa and the Gold Coast concerning segregation are interesting. Since two of the participants are from the English Commonwealth, it was inevitable that there should be examination of the educational problems growing out of colonial rule.
Uses scenes of the geyser area of Yellowstone National Park to portray today's remnents of the earth's activities during formation. Introduces the theme that man has arrived too late to see more than this and presents the various geysers in play as the soundtrack provides an orchestral interpretation.
Students from Switzerland, Thailand, Pakistan, and India discuss the habits and customs of their countries. The individual flavor of each of their cultures is shown in their often strongly divergent points of view. While the discussion begins with a brief description by each of the students of his religion, in a rather relaxed manner, the topics which are aired later in the program produce a lively give-and-take discussion. The student from Pakistan describes Islam as a faith which stresses the belief in one God and the equality of all men, while the student from India speaks of Hinduism as emphasizing transmigration -- the attainment of oneness with reality -- with God as a means to that end. Thailand's representative characterizes Buddhism as being closely related to Hinduism, particularly in the belief in transmigration, but she goes on to point out the qualities of passivity and contentedness which Buddhism encourages. The most significant aspect of Christianity is seen as its sense of "nearness to God" by the student from Switzerland. Some discussion of the desirability or feasibility of a single world religion seems to show that each was loathe to sacrifice his own way of life, despite the fact that they all felt they had much in common. The role of religion in education is also discussed. United States foreign policies come in for some scrutiny, particularly the question of military versus economic aid. While the discussion does not always seem to stick to the topic too closely, this is most welcome, since, as the participants become more involved, they become less inhibited. This shows very clearly how much each has been influenced by his country's culture, and this presents a lively picture of that culture in action.
The question of the future of Europe is discussed by students from Germany, Switzerland, Italy, France, and Belgium. Each of the participants has a good knowledge of European history and culture, and each contributes some very interesting ideas. The role of West Germany in a united Europe is closely examined, particularly the advisability of re-armament and re-industrialization. Much attention is devoted to the economic aspects of European recovery, particularly relaxation of tariff barriers, and the close relationship of Europe's economy to that of the United States. In this connection, some attention is given to the export-import policies of the United States. While much of the discussion centers on these economic and political problems, the consensus of the group seems to be that certain cultural problems must be solved before any lasting solution to these practical problems can be evolved. The tendency of Europe to live in its past is critically examined, and all of the group seemed more or less to agree that before Europe can fully recover, it must learn to look forward. Also, there is an attempt to evaluate nationalism, and possibly to evolve a new concept of nationalism. They all feel that the strength of Europe lies in its young people, and thus are anxious for opportunities to know one another. This is a most mature and thoughtful discussion. There seems to be little rancor, even between the student from Germany and the one from France. While all are aware of the great problems confronting them, they are anxious to solve them intelligently and fairly.
Discusses the concepts of maturation and nurture, and examines their relation to physical, intellectual, social, and emotional growth. Two girls, ages 5 and 8, are used to demonstrate intellectual achievement.
Emphasizes the vastness of space and the extremely large numbers of stars in known galaxies. Uses drawings and photographs to compare the sizes of the sun and planets and to discuss the distance of the nearest star, the shape of our galaxy, and the millions of stars within it.
The problem of communist aggression is discussed by representatives of India, the Philippines, Korea, and Norway. This discussion concerns itself mostly with the situation in the East, since three of the four panelists come from that region. Much of the discussion involves the recent emergence of strong nationalist tendencies in the far East. The delegate from the Philippines explains how the leaders of these young countries, only recently having gained their independence, are loathe to consider regional federation out of a fear that they will once again sacrifice that independence. Some of the problems facing Korea in her attempts to reunite are also discussed at some length. The problem of admitting Red China into the United Nations is also examined, and the possibility of using that admission as a bargaining point to curtail further aggression, or to obtain some workable solution to the Korean problem. Whether or not Japan should be re-armed, and under whose auspices, is another question the group considers. This raised several interesting viewpoints, particularly the fact that there is still considerable suspicion of Japan by other peoples in that area. There is also much consideration of the role of the United Nations in curtailing aggression, and of whether or not the organization could act more efficiently if more of the Red bloc, such as China, were members.
Discusses intelligence and achievement and the methods of testing intelligence. Points out the necessity for appreciating the difference between intelligence and achievement. Four children help in demonstrating the testing for a particular kind of intelligence. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
Discusses the physical growth of children, emphasizing that parents should realize that each child grows at his own rate. Also deals with appetite, sleep, communicable diseases, and accident prevention. (University of Michigan television) Kinescope.
Discusses how growth can be looked upon as a process which enables the infant to move away from the home. Emphasizes the importance of encouraging this kind of growth which takes him from the crib to his whole house, to the neighborhood, to the town, and to the world. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
Students representing Spain, Burma, Denmark, France and Egypt evaluate their visit to the United States. Most of the discussion is concerned with the students' reaction to life in the United States. The students contrast the American culture with their own, emphasizing the fact that each of their cultures is comparatively ancient, and thus, there seems no need consciously to "be'' a member of that culture, while they sense the need of American youngsters to "be" consciously American. The problem of segregation is also considered. "Teamwork," and the way in which competition and cooperation are treated in American schools are quite interestingly examined, as is the question of conformity and individualism. One student was particularly intrigued with what American youngsters mean by "personality," and why such a premium is placed on it.
Discusses the importance of measuring a child's capabilities by his organismic age rather than his calender age. Explains how organismic age is figured. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
Teaching Film Custodians abridged classroom version of a Cavalcade of America television episode, "The Great Gamble" (season 3, episode 1), which first aired October 12th, 1954 on ABC-TV. Presents the work of Cyrus W. Field in organizing and directing the project to establish a system of rapid communications between Europe and America by means of the Trans Atlantic Cable, and his courageous perseverance to succeed in spite of several unsuccessful attempts.
The reactions of the countries of the free world to American foreign policy along with the reactions of the panelists to the American people are discussed on this program. Taking part are students from Great Britain, the Philippines, Israel, and the United States. The student from the Philippines raises many interesting points regarding the Asian attitude toward US foreign policy. Although he makes quite clear the fact that these are not his own views, he feels that many people in that part of the world exhibit a distrust of US policy because of a fear that there are "strings attached.” He goes on to show how this fear grows out of Asia's bitter experiences with colonialism, and her identification of the United States with that policy. Some of the problems growing out of America's desire for European and Asian Federation are also examined by the group, such as the fear of the smaller nations that they will be dominated by the larger ones, and Britain's fear of losing her Asian holdings. A comparison by the students of the situation in Asia as compared to that in Europe, showed a strong feeling that each faced many different problems in achieving federation. The inability of many people in the United States to distinguish between communism and socialism is strongly criticized by the delegate from Britain, who points out that he, after all, "comes from a welfare state." Some very alert discussion centers around the reactions of foreign students to the attitudes of American youngsters, and what is described as their "fear of solitude. The American student offers as explanation the necessity to stress citizenship, teamwork, and a sense of "American-ness" in order to bring together all of the varying cultures that make up America.
A second-grader's experiences during a day without numbers cause him to want to study arithmetic and to realize the value of numbers in his everyday living. All the class but Bob enjoy arithmetic. When a puppet with magic powers offers Bob a day without numbers, he gladly leaves the classroom with the puppet. A series of frustrating experiences caused by the magical disappearance of numbers, such as the disruption of an exciting baseball game, results in Bob's gladly returning to the classroom and the study of arithmetic.
This film demonstrates the many ways in which Indiana University is a home away from home for the thousands of students that attend each year. The introduction to IU begins with informational pamphlets and brochures that students receive at home, and continues as soon as they set foot on campus to explore all that IU student life has to offer.
Illustrates the need of pets for adequate care, urges children to care for their city pets and shows by example how such care is administered. Portrays the kinds of pets that are conveniently kept in city apartments as Jimmy and his dog take a walk in the park and visit a pet shop. Encourages pupils to tell and write stories about the pets that are shown.
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, O. W. Eshbach, Warren P. Everote
Summary:
Develops the law of falling bodies and credits Galileo for his work in this area. Shows by experiment and slow motion photography that all bodies fall at the same rate of speed and uses the inclined plane to determine speed, acceleration, and distance traveled in given times. Derives the formulas S=10t(2), S=1/2at(2), and S=1/2gt(2).
Illustrates the detrimental effects of rumors through the experience of Jean, a newcomer in a high school, who becomes the victim of a malicious rumor started by Jack, her first date. After suffering considerable unhappiness, she is again accepted by her friends when her parents and the principal get Jack to confess and to tell the facts.
Story of "Smokey," the bear cub found clinging to a charred tree after a forest fire in New Mexico and later taken to the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. Stresses the importance of forest prevention.
Shows the Leonardo da Vinci drawings in the Windsor collection and includes such subjects as man, animals, architecture, machines for waging war, water in motion, and a sketch for "The Last Supper." Integrates translation of some of the artist's own notes with an interpretive commentary spoken by Sir Laurence Olivier.
Uses a classroom scene to define and exemplify the golden rule. Shows through animation its origination by Confucius and Christ, and analyzes the rule in terms of three parts. Uses everyday situations to exemplify the application of the golden rule, and encourages children to enter imaginary Thoughtland in order to discover how they would want to be treated as well as how to treat others.
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, Alexander A. Nikolsky, Hal Kopel
Summary:
Describes the unique contribution of the helicopter to transportation; explains how the helicopter flies and how it can be controlled; compares the helicopter with the conventional plane. Demonstrates the operation of many types of helicopters which are being flown today and points out the potentialities of the helicopter for reshaping the pattern of transportation.
Teaching Film Custodians abridged classroom version of a Cavalcade of America television episode, "The Last Will of Daniel Webster" (season 2, episode 8), which first aired November 14th, 1953 on ABC-TV. The film is a re-enactment of Webster's political career, as it influenced and was influenced by the slavery issue from 1830 until his death in 1852. It presents his relationships with Senators William Seward and Henry Clay and provides a basis for assessing his motivation in supporting Clay's Compromise of 1850. The film begins with an 1830 meeting between Webster, the presidential hopeful, and a newspaper publisher who offers support if Webster compromises in order to unite factions; Webster refuses. The film later presents Webster's conflicting stands on slavery before, after, and as communicated in, his controversial speech of March 7, 1850 that supported Senator Clay's compromise bill.
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, Marvin J. Johnson, Milan Herzog
Summary:
Shows the importance of antibiotics in combating certain diseases, and defines antibiotics. Animation illustrates the ways in which bacteria are killed by antibiotics. Pictures their use in accelerating the growth of chickens and hogs. Then emphasizes the research which remains to be done in the field of antibiotics.
Shows many fish-eating birds and indicates how the characteristics of each, although different, enable them to catch and eat fish. Emphasizes such characteristics as the long neck, a strong bill, long legs, toes that are sometimes webbed, and the ability to swim and dive underwater.
A third-grade class decides who will be the week's host, shows one youngsters pretending she is a visitor while another acts out the part of the host. Pictures children making introductions, and using "magic-words" such as thank you, excuse me, and please.
United Productions of America, Howard T. Batchelder
Summary:
Through animation, the film compares and contrasts the "assembly line" kind of educational process with one that is tailored to meet young people's needs. Shows how in the former little or no consideration is given to individual needs, whereas in the latter a decentralized educational system can fit the curriculum to local community setups.
Queenie, a cat, tells the story of her life in Mary's house. Mary first finds Queenie and takes her home to meet her family and another cat, Tom. When she is one year old Queenie has four kittens which she raises for six weeks. Mary then takes them to new homes nearby, where Queenie can visit them regularly.
A high school boy who is having trouble understanding poetry learns that he should find out about the poet's background, discover what experience the poet is sharing, and watch for such devices as rhythm, rhyme, and alliteration. Includes examples from many poets' works.
Shows silk screen printing from the choice of design to the application of dyes to the cloth. Demonstrates the making of a stencil with silk over a wooden frame, and explains that there is one stencil for each color to be applied. Pictures the making of the trial print, and finally, shows the actual application of the colors to the fabric.
Presents Saki's story of an impoverished husband and wife who sacrifice their most prized possessions to provide Christmas gifts for each other. Introductory remarks are made by John Steinbeck. Excerpt from O. Henry's Full House.
Surveys Chinese art from its unknown beginning to modern times, and shows how it was affected by Asiatic and European influences. Uses art objects, animated maps, and graphs to show China's contribution to world civilization.
Tells the story of a typical American family, and how they use Thanksgiving Day as the occasion to review the freedoms and privileges which they enjoy in their everyday living under the American way of life. Shows how they come to remember that they have much more to be thankful for than just the usual symbols associated with Thanksgiving Day.
Harold Otwell, Karl Martz, Robert Gobrecht, George Fleetwood, Indiana University Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Shows a skilled ceramist applying designs on several ceramic pieces prior to final firing. He uses the clay itself, a comb, a piece of burlap, or clay stamps to create textured designs. Other decoration methods illustrated include colored glazes, clay slip, "Mishima," sgraffito, and wax resist. Shows samples of representative pieces after decoration and firing.
Traces the development of the Good Neighbor Policy, the Rio Treaty against aggression, and the Organization of American States set up at Bogota. Describes the importance to the Western Hemisphere of NATO and the U.N. military action in Korea. Stresses the economic interdependence of the American countries and the responsibility of the United States in the Western Hemisphere.
Sixth in the "Are You Ready for Service?" series. Shows the emotional stresses that must be faced in military service because of homesickness, having to take orders and responsibilities, and having to learn to kill. Advises young men to prepare for the new experiences by taking school assignments as orders, doing jobs well without arguing, taking temporary jobs away from home, and going to church.
Seventh in the "Are You Ready for Service?" series. Compares the experiences and moral behavior of two young men in the Navy. One was prepared for necessary decisions, while the other had no clear picture of himself. The latter becomes one of a group of irresponsible men, eventually becomes disgusted, seeks the help of a steadier acquaintance, and straightens out his problems. Recommends that young men get ready to make any decisions they might meet in new surroundings.
Fifth in the "Are You Ready for Service?" series. Illustrates the great demands on physical strength and endurance in the service, and recommends that young men in high school consider how much time they have to get ready. Suggests a complete physical examination, having defects remedied if possible, taking tests of physical performance, and planning toward physical fitness with a program of activities.
Illustrates the procedure of administering the Rorschach ink-blot psychological test through a sample interview between a subject and an examiner. Shows the ink-blot first in its true form, then structures the pattern through animation to fit the concept as seen by the subject. Concludes with review questions concerning the administration of such a test.
It's Christmas Eve and Santa hasn't come yet, so Buffalo Bob Smith, Howdy, and Clarabell The Clown (Bob Keeshan soon-to-be "Captain Kangaroo") decide to take the Rocket Doodle as transportation and head for the North Pole to see what's happened to Santa. When they get there they find out that "Ugly Sam" (Dayton Allen later of "The Steve Allen Show") thinks that Santa is the "Bearded Bandit" and has captured him. So, it's up to Howdy and the Crew to prove differently.
A young couple expects their first child. Shows onset of labor, the trip to the hospital, call to doctor, admission to maternity ward, routine preparations for delivery including instructions to mother, and normal birth of child. Stresses the assumption that fear stems from lack of knowledge.
Shows the contest between Fred and Judy for a position on the safety patrol. During the contest they learn not to play in the street, not to run into the street from between parked cars, and how to cross streets safely.
Tells the story of Marty, a high school boy who feels self-conscious when he has to make a speech. When he learns that other people also feel self-conscious when attention is turned toward them, he makes an effort to consider the whole situation rather than himself alone. He conquers his self-consciousness after much practice.
Uses drawings and real photography to depict the origin and nature of the Hawaiian Islands. Shows a recent eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano and indicates how rain, wind, and the ocean have transformed the islands into fertile regions over the centuries.