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Pictures the work of Dr. B. F. Skinner and his associates at Harvard University Psychology Laboratories in studying animal behavior and indicates the application of principles learned to the design of teaching machines to be used in increasing human learning efficiency.
Dr. B.F. Skinner and R.J. Herrnstein demonstrate how to measure the learning and conditioning process.
Explains the classical principles of learning by association. Discusses the work of Ebbinghaus and Pavlov. Presents the laws of frequency of contiguity and reinforcement by satisfaction. Illustrates contiguity, exercise, and effect. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Discusses and demonstrates through film clips the concept of learning by reinforcement. Describes the shaping of behavior by rewarding of a correct action when it occurs by chance. Illustrates the nature of reinforcement by reward, the disappearance of a learned response when reward is discontinued, and the learning of discriminative and cooperative behavior. Uses filmed sequences of Skinner's experimental work with pigeons. (WGBH-TV)
States that people read for pleasure, information, and enlightenment. Explains what enlightenment means and how to read for this type of learning. Points out that to gain enlightenment, a person should actively read books that are challenging. Gives suggestions for active reading. (Palmer Films) Films.
Analyzes the elements of a good discussion; stresses the value of properly phrased questions that stimulate thought and lead to new avenues of discussion within the major question; and shows how discussion helps to clarify ideas and provide an interchange of information.
Discusses the role of conversation and discussion in the life of learning. Gives the three methods of teaching--indoctrination, lecturing, and questioning. Suggests how adult conversation can serve as the means of learning. (Palmer Films) Film.
Presents the case for television as an instrument for learning, and explains the obstacles that stand in the way of successful educational television programs. Suggests how to watch an educational program if it is to help in learning. (Palmer Films) Films.
Dr. Conant and Shari Lewis gives a summary of the series, pointing out that man’s hands are the greatest tool of creative activity, that they have served to fulfill his basic needs and that these needs and this creativity are universal.
Host Lee Wilcox speaks with Dr. Maria Piers about how adults and children can prepare responsibly for children leaving home for camp for the first time, as well as issues about children away from home in general. Features a "Peanuts" cartoon by Charles Schultz.
Describes the folklore connected with crime. Uses vignettes to show the absurdity of such superstitions as handedness, hair coloring, scars, blemishes, deformities, and glandular problems as causes of criminality. Points out that an indirect relationship may exist between physical characteristics and crime. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses international law as an effective force in world affairs. Suggests that international law be backed with an international police force. Features Dr. F. S. C. Northrop, Professor of Philosophy and Law, Yale University, and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.
The turmoil of the first month after Lenin’s description of Kerensky form the basis of this program: the disruption caused by the lack of a trained civil service, the civil war being waged by the Kerensky adherents, the threat of Germany, the workers’ strikes, and so on. Once an armistice was signed with Germany, Lenin and his associates were able to turn their attention to consolidating their position. After the Bolsheviks (henceforth called the Communist Party) had seized the national Assembly and locked the doors to keep the opposing delegates out, Lenin’s positon was firmly established. An interesting sequence involves Mr. Sworakowski’s reminiscences of the events surrounding the armistice. He himself witnessed many of the events of this period, and his account is moving and informative.
Explains the effects of lenses on light, and shows the construction and use of a lens. Pictures the types of images formed by convex and concave lenses when an object is placed at varying distances from the lens. Shows the use of lenses in cameras, microscopes, and telescopes.
States that only a lack of engineers and adequate materials kept the helicopter from being an actuality during da Vinci's lifetime. Pictures this great inventor creating workable plans for the helicopter, the submarine, and hundreds of other "modern" inventions--all backed by scientific data. According to Dr. Posin, Leonardo "was always lured by the subtle, the fleeting, the unknown--this was the artist in him. Yet he searched for exact reasons and causes and logic--this was the scientist."
Discusses the primary system and its effect on the party system. Considers whether or not the primary system destroys party discipline, thus weakening the party, or, conversely does it give more power to the machine? (KETC) Kinescope.
The first in a series of twelve, one-reel films designed to present behind-the scenes activities of the motion picture industry. This film chronicles the technical and aesthetic growth of moving pictures, using excerpts from "The Great Train Robbery", "The Birth of a Nation", "Easy Street", "The Jazz Singer", "In the Hills of Old Kentucky", "Show of Shows", and "Night Song". A salute to the 30,000 people working in Hollywood includes a montage which illustrates some of the 272 different crafts involved in filmmaking. An overview of the physical production of celluloid (cotton and silver) is included. The narrator promises additional short films about each step in movie production.
Shows how Sally can, in an emergency, prepare a hot meal quickly, using her mother's ready supply of canned and frozen foods. The narrator emphasizes the correct use of the proper utensils, the time-saving advantage of a modern gas range, and the importance of intelligent marketing.
Shows the many types of letters and lettering devices which may be used to produce effective printing on such materials as charts, posters, and bulletin boards. Illustrates the use of rubber stamps, cut-out letters, 3-D letters, stencil letters, transparent letters, and double-faced letters and pictures mechanical scribers and engraved templates. Suggests how each may be used and points out that a person doesn't have to be an artist to do good lettering.
Uses demonstrations to explain how levers work. Illustrates with a seesaw, hammer, and screw driver. Shows how levers make the lifting of heavy objects easier. (WCET) Kinescope.
Defines in detail the word "insurance" and discusses the various types of insurance-liability, comprehensive, collision, etc. Explains the correct procedure to follow when reporting an accident. Gives information concerning various rates of insurance premiums, financial responsibility laws, and sample cases. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Contains segments: "AIDS Kokomo kid (not aloud in school) ", "AIDS Kokomo kid"
Contents include: Exterior shots of Grissom Air Force Base; Ryan White listening in on a class via speakerphone, complains how the audio is too muffled, report on Kokomo parents' concerns that AIDS can spread via casual contact (1:55-3:50); police responses to off-campus drinking at Notre Dame; post-WWII-era documentary on Studebaker manufacturing plant and products; overcrowding of livestock in pens at auction; police responding to incident in Nunemaker's; firefighters battling large fire; debut of Yugo cars; revival screening of 1940 Hollywood film and Ronald Reagan vehicle "Knute Rockne, All American" about Notre Dame football coach; Jerry Lewis telethon; unidentified police helicopter footage
Contains segments: "AIDS meeting", "Local AIDS stats"
Contents include: Protest in favor of nuclear disarmament; 60th annual Fox Stake horse race; protest against toxic waste dump; Cardinal Bernadine in Chicago talks about his political advocacy; exterior of Four County Landfill; unidentified group meeting to talk about HIV transmissibility (24:55-25:35); automobile factory; graphic showing AIDS deaths in Elkhart/St. Joseph counties, man discussing local investigations into AIDS cases (31:10-32:30); parade in Walkerton, Indiana; Teamsters Local 346 strike; Niles High School teacher strike; firefighters fighting large fire; preparation for International Space Station work
Discusses the party records regarding individual freedom promised by the first amendment in the Bill of rights. Reviews the two parties' defense of these rights, especially in times when national security is threatened, and discusses the question of civil rights. (KETC) Kinescope.
Describes the polygraph or lie detector. Actual tests are made with graduate students posing as subjects. Some of the uses of the device in criminal detection, industrial and security work are explained. (Hofstra College & WPIX) Kinescope.
Tells the story of sailing vessels and life aboard a clipper ship. Describes the various jobs performed by the sailors. Discusses the types of cargoes carried on trips to all parts of the world. (KQED) Kinescope.
Max Lerner and five Brandeis students discuss: what is the most important life goal; what is the criteria by which we measure Americans; is it the values that are held or is it the definitions given to those values that cause the trouble in America today; do people lose their identity in their striving for their life goal; do we ignore the word “freedom” in our search for life goals; are we afraid of freedom; is it possible to have solitude in our civilization; if our goals are unhealthy, with what do we replace them; should there be no forces that pressure personality in our society; what do the words “power,” “success,” “prestige” and “security” really mean; and who should be the one to judge the validity of one’s life goal.
Tells the story of the deserted city of Columbia, California, one of the key Gold Rush towns in the 1850's. Describes the life and profession of people who went there seeking gold. Shows the old buildings and objects the people used at that time.
Portrays representative aspects of Louisiana and its key city, New Orleans, during the years of Creole dominance. Shows Mississippi River packet boats, delta country, cotton and cane plantations, slavery, education, religion, architecture, music, the code duello, Creole customs, manners, and attitudes, and the prevalence of French speech.
Discusses the wall paintings found in Egyptian tombs depicting the Egyptian concept of life in the next world. Emphasis is on the tomb of King Rekh-mir-re. (NYU) Kinescope.
Discusses the question of life on other planets. Reviews what is known and speculated about the biological environments on other worlds--especially Mars--and the possibility of finding or establishing life on them. Features Dr. Albert G. Wilson, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica California. (KUHT) Film.
Explores, through underwater photography, the three regions of a coral reef. Explains the relationship of the many forms of life to each other and their environment. Points out the factors, which affect the structure, growth, and survival of coral. Show numerous types of coral including the rose, fan, chenile, star, lettuce, brain, hat, and others. Concludes with sequences of the many kinds of fish which inhabit the coral reef.
Uses slides, the microscope, and graphic illustrations to explain plant and animal cells. Discusses the basic content and structure of cells. Shows how cells differentiate and function as members of larger units--tissues and organs. Illustrates growth by cell division and introduces the concept of meiosis. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Points out that there are possibly 30,000 solar systems which have conditions suitable for life. Illustrates how the spectroscope can determine the temperature, composition, and other information about distant stars by analyzing their light. Describes how mathematics and the various sciences help predict that life on other planets would be comparable to that found on earth.
Presents a highly condensed version of Russian history since the eve of World War I through the eyes of the "average Ivan" who has lived through this period. Discusses the initial period of capitalism, the collective farm movement, the great purges of the 1930's, the first Five Year Plans, the lack of consumer goods, the bitterness of World War II, and the Cold War. Illustrates each of these phases of Russian history with Russian periodicals and pictures. (Center for Mass Communication) Film.
Explains the principles of lift. Uses the smoke tunnel to demonstrate the methods developed to produce wings with high lift capacity. Discusses stalling and how it is prevented. (State University of Iowa) Kinescope.
Uses demonstrations to explain principles of light. Shows why there is daylight and darkness. Discusses speed and reflection of light. (WCET) Kinescope.
Shows how manufacturing develops according to the availability of natural resources. Explains how our rich supplies of coal, gas, electricity, and metals, as well as our favorable climate and adequate transportation system, all have enabled our country to build a manufacturing industry which produces one-half of all manufactured goods in the world.
Watch a searchlight as it pierces heavy night clouds. Notice that you don’t see the beam of light, merely where it comes from: the face of the searchlight, reflections from the clouds or duct blocking the beam. In other words, the light beam itself is invisible. Beginning with a similar demonstration, Edwin C. Kemble shows the difficulty science has had in providing a wholly satisfactory theory of light. He uses a stroboscopically lighted tank to illustrate wave theory and high-voltage discharges to suggest the violence necessary to generate radiant energy with short wavelengths. The violent damage done by X-rays, gamma rays and ultra violet radiation leads Kemble to the corpuscular explanation of light. By an examination of cloud-chamber photographs, visibly recording action in the unseen world of atomic particles, Kemble reconciles the two theories. The yield of this revolutionary work is dramatic: no less than the discovery of a universal property of all forms of existence.
Explains lighting and its characteristics. Tells why lightning is first seen then followed by thunder. Demonstrates how lightning produces sound waves. (WCET) Kinescope.
Explains and simulates the formation of sedimentary rock, focusing on the importance of limestone as a natural resource. Locates limestone quarries on the map and shows how the stone is quarried in blocks to be cut in desired shapes. Discusses the many aspects of limestone byproducts, including water purification, soap making, medicine preparation, and the manufacture of Portland cement, paint, paper, and steel.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., discusses the use of the linguistic approach as a means of improving reading ability. Analyzes the deficiencies and strong points of the phonics and word methods of teaching reading. Explains the purpose and nature of reading. Shows examples of patterning in the English spelling system. Suggests a remedy to the reading problem using language structure as a basis.
Continues the discussion of liquid air by explaining its physical and chemical properties. Points out the density and boiling point of the components of liquid air. Illustrates the effect of liquid air on lead and mercury. Demonstrates that liquid air is a rich source of oxygen. (KQED) Film.
Dramatizes parts of Liszt's life from a young boy to his last days as a teacher. Shows by animated maps, still pictures, and dramatization the places where he lived or performed, the people he knew, and the times in which he lived. Explains many things that influenced Liszt's music and presents excerpts of his music with special attention to Les Preludes.
A Pictoreels cartoon. Cheezer the mouse is tired of being treated like a little kid. Instead of going to bed like his mother told him, he follows his inner demon into the kitchen. Despite the interventions of his inner angel, Cheezer tries out smoking a pipe, looking at a girlie magazine, and drinking booze. Finally, Cheezer's angel and demon fight it out, and the angel defeats the demon just in time to save the little mouse from being eaten by the cat.
Hand puppets make this a lively story for the children. Tom Tichenor has written a new version with the violence deleted. Little Red Riding Hood is a cute little bunny, and when she goes through the woods to her grandmother's house she meets the wolf. When he learns where Red Riding Hood is going he tells her a "short cut" and then runs ahead to the grandmother's house. There, he hides grandmother, dresses in her clothes and gets into bed to wait for Red Riding Hood. Red Riding Hood discovers the trick as grandmother frees herself and they kill the wolf and sit down to enjoy wolf stew.
Story of "Smokey," the bear cub found clinging to a charred tree after a forest fire in New Mexico and later taken to the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. Stresses the importance of forest prevention.
This program deals with protective devices for flyers in space. As background, Col. Sweeney demonstrates the Air Force partial pressure suit, designed for emergency escape from a damaged craft, and discusses the effects of “explosive decompression,” the sudden loss of cabin air pressure when a projectile or a meteor punctures the wall of the ship. Mr. Ehricke then presents one of his designs for a three-stage rocket vehicle, in which the final stage is a satellite glider capable of returning to the earth with its passengers. He discusses particularly the special features of the five-man cabin unit, a sealed compartment carrying its own atmosphere and incorporating the essential principles of the Sealed Space Cabin developed by the School of Aviation Medicine.
Teaches how to draw lobsters and crabs. Draws a special crab called a "Heike" which is found only in Japan. Tells a legend about how this unusual crustacean came into being. (KQED) Kinescope.
Shows how to use the gage manifold in building leak-testing pressures in a domestic refrigerator; how to test for sulphur dioxide and methyl chloride leaks; how to use the halide torch to locate freon leaks; and how to repair several types of leaks.
Dr. Gould describes the magnitude of the logistics problem facing scientists planning the scientific efforts during the IGY. With the use of film he describes the entire operation from the assembling of stores in the US to the problems facing the Task Force when the Continent was sighted. He describes in detail the film depicting the construction of bases by US Seabees, the building of the only landing strip in Antarctica at McMurdo Sound and praises the work of the Services which provided supplies, transportation, housing and general support personnel for IGY scientists working at each of America’s bases.
A tour of the magnificent capital of Great Britain. The cameras have captured all the pageantry and color of England from the Thames bridges, Buckingham Palace and Big Ben, to the Trouping of the Colors ceremony.
Long distance calling commercials. Advertisement tags featured, "Did you know, long distance rates are very low" and "Each night past six, please don't forget, long distance rates are lower yet."
Documents the use of turning-in therapy ("fantasy therapy") by nurses working with severely disoriented aged patients who do not respond to reality orientation. Focuses on some of the major emotional difficulties in long-term care for the elderly.
Visits the Brookfield Zoo to choose relatives among the animals there. Points out the characteristics that determine relationships among different animals. Shows that looks do not always count in discovering animal relatives. Uses film clips of the elephants, prairie dogs, sloth, ant-eater, slow loris, armadillo, and the aardvark.
An interview with musician Louis Armstrong about his career, starting with his boyhood in New Orleans through becoming an internationally known figure. With Robert McCully and Adam Lynch.
Three young foreign students--one from Sweden, one from Venezuela, one from Belgium--talk to Louis Armstrong about what he has done as a musical ambassador. Mr. Armstrong tells them about experiences he had in their home countries when he performed there--about how how he met a Belgian diplomat who came to this country on a matter of state, but arrived early to spend some time with Satchmo, about a young Swedish girl who sang with his band and subsequently became a star, about a threatened bombing of an auditorium where he was scheduled to play in Venezuela which never took place, because when he arrived the people were more interested in music than in munitions. But more than anecdotes, he tells how he found people all over the world who were united, in spite of their differences, by their interest in music.
Mr. Armstrong is joined by Robert McCully, writer and public relations expert, Adam Lynch, news and classical music broadcaster, and Benny Benack, a musician who has concentrated on Dixieland jazz and a trumpeter who looks up to Louis Armstrong as his great hero. In this program Mr. Armstrong describes a New Orleans musical funeral and the impulses that give rise to it, the music it creates, and the way it is carried out. Speaking about emotion and music, he remarks that a good musical performance has as its base a great sympathy and feeling for the music. He talks about his love for any good music--jazz, classical or popular--and about the future of jazz and of young people who like music.
The final program of the series presents Mr. Armstrong, Benny Benack, a musician who has concentrated on Dixieland jazz, and Professor Frederick Dorian, a classical musicologist from the Carnegie Institute of Technology. Dr. Dorian was Mr. Benack's professor at Carnegie Tech, and has joined his former pupil to learn about jazz and what a great jazz musician thinks of classical music. Dr. Dorian, who is not very well acquainted with jazz, asks Mr. Armstrong what the elements are of good jazz, and it is this definition which occupies the major part of the program.
Tells the story of the Louisiana Territory and its significance to United States history. Explains how and why this land changed ownership between France and Spain until purchased by Thomas Jefferson in 1803. Also discusses French architecture of this early period in what became Missouri.
Discusses fraternal love, and differentiates it from sexual love. Explains Aristotle's idea of human association based on utility, pleasure, and excellence. Distinguishes between justice and love, and depicts a society based on love and friendship rather than justice. (Palmer Films) Film.
Dr. John W. Dodds explores the various approaches writers have taken toward the theme of love. Includes readings from the love poetry of Shakespeare, Marlowe, Raleigh, Donne, Suckling, Burns, Bridges, Browning, and others. (KQED) Kinescope.
Dr. John W. Dodds continues the exploration of the theme of love as treated in literature. Includes readings from Shakespeare's plays and the poems of Matthew Arnold, Tennyson, and Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses the development of strong attachments on the part of boys and girls to the parent of the opposite sex during the ages of two to five years. Explains why romantic feelings start early in the young child and how parents should react to loves and hates during this period of child growth. Answers questions from mothers and fathers concerning various problems which arise because of the strong likes and dislikes of children toward their parents. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Presents one view of loyalty and its importance in the measure of a man. Considers martyrdom, the relationship of loyalty to prejudice, and loyalty as self-protection. Questions which loyalties are the most important. Suggests an answer, but leaves the ultimate solution open for further consideration. (KQED) Film.
Host Lee Wilcox speaks with Dr. Maria Piers about how adults can responsibly teach children about the difference between lies and the truth. Features a "Peanuts" comic by Charles Schultz.
The task of today’s mathematicians and computers is to keep abreast of the fast-moving world of nuclear research where yesterday’s successful experiments can be outdated tomorrow. To record the progress being made in this complex field, television camera crews went to the Atomic Energy Commission’s Argonne National Laboratory where in the Mathematics Division men and machines are working daily to process the avalanche of data, the results of thousands experiments that are performed each year at Argonne. In this program, “Machines that think” cameras focus on the latest computers which in a matter of minutes can analyze and solve problems that would take a team of mathematicians a life time to work out. The program reports on computers that have such names as Chloe, Phylis, Engine No.2, and Analog. Chloe is a computer capable of transforming picture patterns, such as chromosome alignments, into numbers, the meaningful language of computers. In the study of radiation effects on chromosomes, for example, Chloe can come up with faster and more accurate answers than human observers. Chloe’s information, in turn, can be fed to other computers which can interpret the findings and “tell” the experimented the results he’s getting while the experiment is still in progress. Still other computers are capable of making adjustments, again while the experiment is in progress, while others can make “decisions,” such as interrupting the function of a main computer to “ask” a question about the experiment. There are other new computers which can tell scientists whether or not their design in experimental models, such as rockets or reactors, will work –even before the machine is built. This is accomplished by feeding the computers mathematical models of the proposed rocket or reactor and asking the computer to test them. Their answers can save scientists years in experimenting by trial and error and millions of dollars necessary to build experimental models.
Employs animation and live-action photography to show the development of man's knowledge of magnetic force, present-day concepts of the earth's magnetic field, and how the magnetic field is influenced in internal and external forces. Traces the historical development of man's knowledge of magnetism from the early Greeks through Oersted, Ampere, Faraday, to 1960, the present theories relative to the source of the earth's magnetic field and the techniques of measurement employed.
Explains why careful car maintenance is necessary and the proper way to keep your car in safe driving condition. Discusses the value of the owner's manual, inspection laws, car thefts, warranties, and maintenance economics. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Tonality, the relationship of tones and chords to the keynotes, is further explored in this program. The mood or musical character as it has been affected by major and minor tonalities in western music from 1600 to 1900 come under study. Beethoven’s expressive use of major-minor interchanges receives emphasis here.
Continues in-depth work on the "SH" sound, with tongue blunting on face A of the speech model. Shows kinesthetic practice on blunting. The pupil has reached the "Production Stage" of tongue blunting and is ready to learn the second step of "SH": closing the mouth to the right degree while maintaining the blunted tongue. Progresses through Step 2 on face A of the speech model, consisting of the "Presentation Stage," "Imitation Stage," and "Production Stage." Presents a teacher evaluation of the pupil's errors at Step 2.
Describes the criteria for choosing a sound for in-depth teaching. Provides an assessment of a pupil's automatic production of "SH" in words and syllables. Shows the teacher demonstrating the formation and development of "SH" to the pupil. Outlines the steps in learning "SH": 1) Blunt, 2) Close, and 3) Blow.
Demonstrates teaching devices which can be employed to help the deaf pupil with step 1 of learning to pronounce the SH sound: three devices for tongue blunting, one device for keeping the tongue tip placement centered during blunting, and three devices for maintaining a high wide tongue during blunting.
Examines the third step in producing "SH" in isolation: blowing air across the high blunted tongue. Progresses from the "Presentation Stage" through the "Imitation Stage" to the "Production Stage" using two teaching devices.
Begins the in-depth teaching of "SH" by teaching the first step: learning to blunt the tongue. Follows the learning process through the "Presentation Stage" to the "Imitation Stage," after the teacher's evaluation of the pupil's main error in blunting. Demonstrates two teaching devices.
Continues work on the first step of learning "SH", blunting the tongue, at the "Imitation Stage." Shows the pupil achieving a better approximation of pulling the tip into the body of the tongue, and finally achieving correct blunting by keeping the tongue blunted and forward.
Stresses the practice of the learned skill, proper tongue blunting, as a first step in learning "SH". Shows the pupil, now correct approximatley 75% of the time, being given a homework assignment, with his parents evaluating his practice.
Depicts a second pupil beginning to learn "SH" through in-depth teaching, starting with Step 1--blunting--at Face A of the speech model. Examines the pupil's blunting error (pulling the whole tongue back) and his first approximate correction of the error, achieved through shaping.
Sets forth the incorporation of "SH" into words. Takes five nuclei words through Face A of the speech model. Demonstrates work on the first word, "she," from "Presentation, Imitation, and Production Stages" including carry-over devices and no-error level of practice. Uses one teaching device to review "SH" in isolation as well as one GLGSP in the language area.
Focuses on "CH" and "J" at Face C of the speech model through the GLGSP in classroom situations as the sounds arise incidentally in words. Shows the pupil working at the "Production Stage" of "CH" and the "Presentation Stage" of "J". Concludes the learning session, which began at Face A when the pupil started the in-depth work on "SH" as a single sound.
Works on the second nucleus word, "show", on Face A of the speech model through the "Production Stage". Shows evaluation and practice on all five nuclei words at the no-error level of practice at the "Production Stage" of Face A. Includes one GLGSP expanding language.
Presents the teacher collecting evidence of correct automatic production of all five nuclei words in general speech situations. Transfers skills learned on Face A to all words containing "SH" at Face B of the speech model. Follows the pupil as he progresses to Face C of the speech model, generalizing skills from Face A and B to analogous areas of speech, in this case the correct pronunciation of "ZH", "CH", and "J". Shows the pupil working at the "Presentation Stage" of Face C for "ZH" through the GLGSP.
Assesses the automatic and conscious production of a phrase. Depicts a teacher using the synthetic approach to begin a correction of the "whole" word, "welcome". Observes the child moving from "Presentation Stage" to "Imitation Stage" of Face A of the speech model. Examines the ability of the pupil to discriminate the difference in accent between her production (wel kum) and the correct accent (wel km). Shows the teacher using a discriminating activity, interweaving touch, vision, and auditory discrimination.
Continues synthetic practice of the "whole" word, "welcome", narrowing to analytic work on the second syllable (km). Shows the teacher shaping (km) toward correctness: weak form of the syllable, i.e., soft, short, nasal emission on (km). Then pupil works at the "Presentation and Imitation Stages" on Face A of the speech model.
Continues to practice, as well as working on the whole phrase incidentally. Evaluates the automatic production of the entire phrase. Includes five examples of use of the General Language: General Speech Pattern unrelated to specific work on (km).
Demonstrates the incorporation of the "part" (weak second syllable) back into the "whole", "Welcome." Depicts the teacher attempting to get proper intonation on the word through (a) shaping and (b) general practice. Presents an assessment of the automatic production of the phrase.
Examines carry-over practice involving habituation of the correct accent and intonation of the entire phrase. Demonstrates carry-over practice given through the General Language: General Speech Pattern by the teacher in the language lesson, by other teachers in a nursery school, and by parents at home. Concludes with a pupil automatically using the phrase correctly in a general situation.
Continues the shaping of the production of the element (km) to become weak. Depicts a pupil achieving a second approximation [making (km) very short], and later moving from High-Error to Low-Error to No-Error practice. Demonstrates the General Language: General Speech Pattern.
Presents the basic beliefs of Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and explains their origins and development. Illustrates with animated diagrams the rise of new religions from older ones and portrays some important rituals of the group religions. Describes briefly the major sects of Christianity which have developed from the original group.
