351. Automation (1:00:42)

Date:
1964
Summary:
Mr. Hoffer examines the role that works plays in self-esteem as well as the effects of growing automation upon this self-esteem. He comments on the basic human need in all societies, in every period of history, for self-realization. It is, he feels, the feeling of worth derived from productive activity whether it be manual labor or the creation of art, literature and philosophy. Mr. Hoffer points out that early science grew out of Western man’s conception of God as “a master scientist,” and that Leonardo da Vinci, for his art, investigated anatomy and became interested in science because he believed it was “God’s work.” He then traces the development of machines from early civilization to what he terms, “present day over-mechanization and automation.” Today’s fast-growing automation and shrinking labor market is turning early man’s dream of luxury and leisure into a nightmare. Unemployment among workers is outstripping the ability of today’s economy to supply jobs for the unskilled. Mr. Hoffer cites current unemployment figures and projects them into the future, commenting that “when man is cut off from the chance to exercise his skills, he loses his confidence, his joy for life, and his sense of worth. Where you have people without a sense of usefulness, you have a potentially explosive situation ideal for the growth of hatred, bigotry and racism.”

352. Baby meets his parents (10:48)

Date:
1948
Summary:
Explains how the developing personality of the child is influenced by the manner in which his parents provide for his basic needs and prepare him for social living.

353. Baby sits up (29:42)

Date:
1956
Summary:
At the milestone of nine months, the baby has learned many new things, including how to sit up and to crawl. Safety in the home is of double importance now and a playpen should be purchased at this time. Dr. Wagner discusses proper toys for this age group and the physical and emotional developments of the nine month infant.

354. Baby visits his doctor (29:10)

Date:
1956
Summary:
Shows a mother with her child in the doctor's office where the baby is examined and mother and doctor discuss feeding, use of vitamins, and general progress of the infant. Discuss the concept of child care that emphasizes guidance and prevention of problems rather than treatment of disease only.

355. Baby's first step (29:09)

Date:
1956
Summary:
Discusses the activities, needs, and behavior of the one year old. Considers standing, walking, care of the feet, selection of shoes, and toilet training. Points out some of the behavior typical of this age group.

356. Baby's First Weeks (29:34)

Date:
1958
Summary:
Discusses the first weeks and months of a baby's life. Explains how the relationship of the parents to the infant affects his future development. Points out various pitfalls parents should be aware of including a let down on the part of the mother, jealousy that may develop between father and baby, and changes in attitude toward each other. Answers questions concerning the role of the father, bottle vs. breast feeding, colic, and self-demand vs. scheduled feeding. (WTTW) Kinescope.

357. Background of Rocketry (14:49)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Traces the various methods of propulsion. Explains the development of jet propulsion by the Chinese in 1232. Relates the history of the use of rocker power to the age of firearms. Shows how the rocket became an important weapon at sea because of the flammable nature of the ships. Surveys the actualities and dreams of rocketry throughout its development. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.) Film.

359. Bacteria : laboratory study (15:52)

Date:
1958
Summary:
Contrasts worlds beyond our own with the world of microscopic living things, represented by protozoa, algae, yeasts, bacteria, and viruses. Refers to man's techniques for controlling bacteria and utilizing their desirable actions in his own service. Includes animation and time-lapse cinephotomicrography.

360. Bakuba (17:25)

Date:
1952
Summary:
Describes the arts and crafts of the Bakuba people of the Congo and briefly describes other aspects of their culture. Indicates the probable origin of the Bakuba in northern Africa. Pictures weaving, embroidery, tattooing, and making of statuary. Shows trinkets used to decorate costumes and presents details of the most ornate costume of the hereditary king.

361. Balance and orientation in humans (13:50)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes the problem of reducing the effect of gravity on humans. Discusses the sense of sight, balance, position, and touch and how they will be affected by upper air travel. Describes the construction of the inner ear and the way in which it affects our sense of balance. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.) Film.

362. Ball handling in basketball (09:21)

Date:
1947
Summary:
Uses slow motion and stop motion photography and close-ups of game shots to show the fundamentals of ball handling in basketball: stance, grip, "feel" of the ball, fingertip control, adjustment before shooting, catching the ball, and meeting passes.

363. Ban deodorant : psychiatrist (00:21)

Date:
1968
Summary:
Advertisement for Ban roll-on deodorant, featuring a patient asking her psychiatrist if using Ban will help get rid of her problems.

364. Bankers Trust : antique shop (01:07)

Date:
1968
Summary:
Advertisement for Bankers Trust, featuring a man making a purchase at an antique shop. He tries to pay by check, which the shop owner doesn't accept until the customer presents his Bankers Trust card, which guarantees checks up to $100.

365. Barbara Hepworth (30:37)

Date:
1967
Summary:
Beginning with an outdoor abstract sculpture in the courtyard of a new building in London, this film introduces artist and sculptor Barabara Hepworth and her work. Sculpting in wood, stone, metal, Ms. Hepworth is shown working in her home and studio in St. Ives, near Cornwall. Inspired by natural forms, though not imitating them, many of the artist's sculptures are shown in-studio and outdoors. Some of Ms. Hepworth's occasional realistic drawings and paintings are also shown.

366. Barbara Murray (15:19)

Date:
1976
Summary:
Discusses pros and cons of alcohol. Uses animation to depict various cultural and religious customs regarding the use of alcohol. Depicts situations in which a teacher examines her attitudes towards alcohol and a class discusses why people do or do not drink.

367. Basic nature of sexual reproduction (15:17)

Date:
1956
Summary:
High-powered microscopic shots are used to illustrate the principle that sexual reproduction in simple and complex plants and animals always involves the production and the union of gametes; exemplifies the details of fusion by showing the union of the sperm and egg of a salamander. By means of time-lapse photography, follows the steps in the life cycle of the salamander. Explains that sexual reproduction provides both for the continuation of life and for the variations which benefit man.

368. Basic research in marine biology (29:36)

Date:
1959
Summary:
Explains what marine biologists do and the procedures used in solving the problems they choose to investigate. Illustrates questions that marine biologists are investigating including cellular biology. Presents film sequences showing research scientists at work determining the functions of various organs and systems of marine animals. Concludes with a discussion of the importance of research in teaching and training young scientists. (KCTS)

369. Battle wreckage (10:20)

Date:
1944
Summary:
Explains why large quantities of war materials, in particular steel, are needed for the war effort. Shows the sea battle and beachhead landing of the Normandy invasion.

370. Beardsley Ruml, part II (29:41)

Date:
1958
Summary:
In this second program Mr. Ruml, Professor Rudick and Dr. Morrison discuss education and the liberal college, the liberal element in universities, science in a liberal education, teachers and teacher training, “The Picture Method,” monetary support of universities , the student and his work load, teachers’ salaries, teacher recruiting, quality in teachers and students and problems of college admission.

371. Beat ball (05:11)

Date:
1951
Summary:
Shows a group of junior high boys and girls playing beat ball. Demonstrates division into teams, throwing, running, and putting the runner out. Introduces several variations of the original game.

372. Beatrice Bat and the Beautiful Necklace (15:06)

Date:
1959
Summary:
Fignewton Frog (puppet) and Dora (person) tell a story about a bat named Beatrice who buys a beautiful necklace but gets sick due to trying to sleep right-side-up so as to keep the necklace on. Gives basic information about bats and enforces the idea that sleep is important.

373. Beethoven : Eroica and Pastoral (29:45)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Professor Woodworth begins the program by declaring that Beethoven's "Eroica” and "Pastoral" Symphonies are examples of Whitman's line, "It is not the sounds alone that move, but their exquisite meaning." The French Revolution, liberation from tyranny, equality, fraternity, heroism—these, says Professor Woodworth, were present in Beethoven's mind when he wrote the Third Symphony and named it "Eroica." Yet it—like the Sixth or "Pastoral" Symphony which took its theme from a holiday in the country—follows strict musical and compositional forms and can be understood even without an acquaintance with the pictorial or poetic background which influenced them.

374. Before the day (27:19)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Portrays conditions leading to the establishment of the Social Security System and explains the subsequent changes in the law that have extended coverage to nearly all persons in the United States. Early conditions in the U.S. permitted persons to move westward during a depression, thereby caring for themselves, their families, and their own aged. Urbanization and industrialization eliminated most of these opportunities and as a result Congress met this need by establishing social security. The eligibility requirements are summarized through presenting a number of cases of persons receiving benefits. Shows the necessity of continued welfare aid to those not eligible for Social Security.

375. Behind the Iron Curtain (50:02)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Footage of Bailey's trip across the Soviet Empire in 1957 offering a rich depiction of life under Soviet rule. Features many street scenes capturing local culture in the former Soviet Union, Ukraine, Warsaw, and East Berlin. Numerous depictions of Lenin, in commemorative art, can be seen throughout. The film focuses both on large cities and rural landscapes, where women notably join men in performing hard labor in the fields. Bailey documented trips to many landmarks ; in Leningrad, this includes the Winter Palace, Admirality Tower, Senate Square, Alexander Column, and Peterhof Palace ; in Kiev, the National Opera, St. Sophia's Cathedral, and the Verkhovna Rada building ; in Moscow, the Bolshoi Theatre, Cathedral Square, Red Square, St. Basil's Cathedral, the Grand Kremlin Palace, and many examples of Stalinist architecture ; in Warsaw, the Ghetto Heroes Monument and stone reliefs of workers on Marszałkowska street ; in Berlin, the ruins of the Reichstag, St. Hedwig's Cathedral, and a monument to Soviet soldiers in World War II. The specter of the war lingers throughout as many cities still sport heavy damage from bombing - particularly Berlin and Stalingrad.

376. Behind the news : the news room (29:46)

Date:
1955
Summary:
Explores the news room of a modern metropolitan daily newspaper. Describes the role of the City Editor, News Editor, rewrite man, and copy boys. (KETC) Kinescope.

377. Behind the news : the reporter (29:27)

Date:
1955
Summary:
Describes the work of the newspaper reporter. Joins the Police Reporter on his regular beat, and covers a feature story at the zoo. Through an interview with the Managing Editor, indicates that a newspaper does more for its readers than reporting news. (KETC) Kinescope.

379. Belo Horizonte (18:13)

Date:
1949
Summary:
Relates the story of Brazil's "planned city with a plan." Explains the unique way in which Belo-Horizonte, city of more than 200,000 inhabitants, was completely planned less than fifty years ago before a single house or street was built. Describes Belo-Horizonte, in the heart of Brazil's mineral district, as one of the most modern and progressive cities in the world.

380. Belvedere Cigarettes [unknown title] (01:01)

Date:
1965
Summary:
An advertisement for Belvedere cigarettes in which an older, well-dressed woman finds an instant-gift coupon in a pack of Belvederes. The narrator lists many of the possible awards that could be won. The woman says she doesn't I smoke Belvederes because of the coupons, rather, she says, "I smoke them because I like them."

382. Benkei (29:41)

Date:
1959
Summary:
Tells and illustrates the Japanese legend of a man who roamed the streets of Kyoto at night and took men's swords. He meets his match, however, and ends up the servant of another man. Demonstrates the brush painting techPiques used in painting Benkei and the man who defeats him.

383. Bermuda 1969 (14:12)

Date:
1969
Summary:
Home movie of Ed and Naomi's trip to Bermuda. Shows street scenes, the Feils biking through Amen Corner, going to the beach, and taking a boat tour. A man on the boat plays guitar and makes a large batch of cocktails for the passengers.

384. Best Sellers (29:36)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Presents an overview of best sellers of the 20th century and analyzes the continuities and contrasts in the literary tastes of the American public. Notes the persistency of "how-to" books, from those describing short-cuts to financial success to those on religious topics. Examines the concept of reading for escape and the ways in which it has changed over the years.

386. Betsy Fills Her Basket (15:09)

Date:
1958
Summary:
There are different types of pollen. Bees gather pollen. Mr. Robinson provides sketches of Betsy, a honeybee, who gets hay fever from one kind of pollen. She gathers pollen from another source and becomes the best pollen gathering bee in a contest.

387. Better bulletin boards (13:32)

Date:
1956
Summary:
Describes various uses of the bulletin board. Shows how to locate and maintain a bulletin board for both instructional and reference purposes, describes the materials from which bulletin boards can be constructed, and explains how to select materials so as to maintain interest in the display.

388. Better health for Hoosiers (07:19)

Date:
unknown/unknown
Summary:
Describes the training programs for doctors, dentists, and nurses at Indiana University Medical Center. For prospective students.

389. Between the living and non-living (29:36)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Shows how various viruses fit between the largest non-living molecule and the smallest unit of life. Uses models to explain the organization of various kinds of molecules and viruses. Reviews the first experiment in which a virus was isolated, purified, and crystallized. Concludes with a discussion on the importance of viruses in the understanding of all living matter.

390. Beyond the Mississippi (30:07)

Date:
1955
Summary:
Discusses the Louisiana Purchase and the westward movement which resulted from it. Reviews the role of men such as Lewis and Clark, Pike, Long, and others in the exploratory process. (KETC) Kinescope.

391. Big media in America (29:11)

Date:
1959
Summary:
Max Lerner and five Brandeis students air the questions: Has the big media in America been cheapened by its manipulation to the lowest common denominator? Is the media limited to the sensational and the exploited? Have the people be molded by publishers into holding these values? Is there a difference between the big media and how that media is used? How can we be sure that the potential of the media will be realized?

392. Bill Bailey and the four pillars (18:07)

Date:
1945
Summary:
A story of land economy and one man, Bill Bailey of Clarksville, Tennessee, through whose foresight and untiring effort the Four Pillars of Income were established in Montgomery County, Tennessee (adapted from the Reader's Digest story of the same name by J. P. McEvoy).

393. Bill Jack vs. Adolf Hitler (18:11)

Date:
1943
Summary:
Shows how the Jack and Heintz Company, in Cleveland, greatly increased its output during World War II through improved personnel policies.

396. Biochemical genetics I (29:50)

Date:
1959
Summary:
Discusses Garrod's work on inborn errors in the metabolism of alcapton and melanin. Shows how chemical pathways in metabolism can be worked out using genetic defects as tools. Discusses the metabolic diseases phenylketonuria and galactosemia and points out that medical treatment causes the retention, and therefore the build-up of defective genes in the population. Presents the one geneone enzyme hypothesis and describes the procedure for testing the hypothesis in question with mutants of Neurospora requiring Vitamin B1 (thiamin). Lecture given by Dr. G. W. Beadle.

397. Biological studies (29:27)

Date:
1959
Summary:
Dr. Gould introduces Oscar, his stuffed Emperor penguin, which he brought home from the first Byrd Expedition in 1930. Using Oscar as an example, Eklund discusses Antarctic penguins. Eklund, one of the world’s foremost authorities on the Skua, a special type of Antarctic bird, narrates films of his work with this bird. Lastly, the two men discuss seals and show films of seal branding in Antarctica. It is noted that a biology program has been added to the sciences to be explored under the scientific program USARP (US Antarctic Research Project), which is, on a limited scale, continuing the scientific exploration of Antarctica, following the completion of IGY.

399. Birds that eat fish (06:29)

Date:
1952
Summary:
Shows many fish-eating birds and indicates how the characteristics of each, although different, enable them to catch and eat fish. Emphasizes such characteristics as the long neck, a strong bill, long legs, toes that are sometimes webbed, and the ability to swim and dive underwater.

400. Birds that eat insects (05:49)

Date:
1952
Summary:
Explains how the physical structure of birds is adapted to the kind of food they eat, and points out characteristics of birds that eat insects. Draws attention to the strong wings and wide bills of birds that chase insects in the air; the small size and agility of birds that hunt in bushes; and the strong chisel-shaped bill of woodpeckers. Shows the swallow, nighthawk, kingbird, chestnut-sided warbler, black-billed cuckoo.