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Presents the hypothesis that chiasmata represent physical evidence of crossingover. This would mean that crossingover takes place at a four-strand rather than a two-strand stage. Genetic proof for this is presented from studies with Neurospora, described in detail, and prefaced by a description of the life cycle and meiotic divisions of this organism. Discusses the normality of chiasmata, and hence crossingover, and pictures cytological evidence of crossingover. Lecture by Dr. G. W. Beadle.
Presents the importance of farming and farm life in Indiana and shows how mechanized methods have improved products and brought better economic conditions to the farmers. Explains what the Farm Bureau Cooperative Association is and how it has helped the farmers. Uses views of the Indiana State Fair to indicate that the farmer is the center of focus there.
Presents a profile of a winner of an Indianapolis "500" race, with highlights of the 1970 race. Interwoven are sequences stressing safe driving on and off the track.
A supervisor asks an employee for work-improvement suggestions; the employee talks the problem over with his father and sister, obtains their advice, and makes some worthwhile suggestions.
United States. Department of Agriculture. Soil Conservation Service
Summary:
A USDA production conveying the department's policy recommendations for the development of unusable wetlands into productive agricultural land. Narration explains that, for much of the year, land with "too much water with nowhere to go" is rendered unsuitable for farming. Engineering the draining of 31 million acres for the creation of productive agricultural land represents "one of the last great frontiers of America." Various drainage techniques are explained in detail: ditches, tile systems, and the creation of mole channels. "Shows where our 120 million acres of wet land are located. Points out that 78 million of these acres will serve us best if left in their natural state for the production of timber and the preservation of wildlife. Thirty-one million acres are shown to be suited to farming if properly drained. A section of the film illustrates briefly the principal types of water control and methods of land drainage. Through the use of these methods, farmers, working together, can improve drainage on land now being farmed, and bring into production land that is now too wet for any production at all. Recommended audiences: Farmers in Atlantic Seaboard and Gulf States; Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri Valleys" (Motion Pictures of the United States Department of Agriculture, 1945, 46).
United States. Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine
Summary:
A presentation of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine's code for the prevention of termite infestation. Using animated diagrams and detailed photography of actual termite infestations, the film educates builders and homeowners in inspection, remediation and prevention methods. Poor construction practices invite the ravages of these devastating insects. The film shows how buildings can be protected from further damage and points to be observed undertaking new construction. "It costs us 50 million dollars a year to feed the termites, it costs far less to block them," concludes the narrator.
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
A dramatization which compares responsible drinking with alcohol abuse. Intermixed with scenes from a party, a male and female participant each present facts about alcohol consumption and its effect on physical and mental functioning. Contrasts the view of a person who advocates abstinence with the opinions of a drinker who rationalizes his heavy drinking. Some of the facts presented reveal the relationship between the number of drinks consumed and blood-alcohol levels, the effects on the individual at each level, and tips about how to moderate drinking and behave responsibly if one is consuming alcohol.
States "food is a weapon of war," showing that women must learn to use the less desirable cuts of beef during wartime rationing. "A wartime film showing conservation needs and food planning in regard to wisely chosen cuts of meat. Various cooking methods are demonstrated to help housewives plan meals economically. By planning and cooking well, the wartime housewife helped to solve the problems of rationing during a national food emergency" (National Film Board of Canada catalog record http://onf-nfb.gc.ca/en/our-collection/?idfilm=16407#nav-generique).
The Signal Corps : produced by, Combat film units of Marines, Army Airforces, United States Navy
Summary:
Addressed to "the men and women of American Industry," the Film Communique series reports on military accomplishments to an audience of domestic workers producing materials for war. Comprised of six short segments:
This Isn't War … It's Murder! Reports on the island conquering campaigns in the Pacific theater, using combat footage to illustrate the contributions of "the silent partners in this combined operation" - those of the industrial workforce at home.
General Mud gives an account of the struggle against severely muddy conditions in Italy; shows the necessity to construct new roads before armies can advance.
Grasshopper profiles the super-lightweight reconnaissance airplanes used to direct artillery fire to enemy targets. The narrator states "they're the controlling might that gives precision for our war weapons equal to the precision with which our workers forge them at home, they're the grasshoppers that make the American eagle free."
Yankee Rope Trick profiles the resourcefulness of American soldiers in the successful rescue of a grounded transport ship.
Pipes Of War shows the construction of oil pipelines across Italy to bring fuel from tanker ships to the front lines quickly and efficiently. Documents the vast consumption of fuel to keep the invasion of Europe advancing.
Stella tells the story of an American bomber that lost 3 of its 4 engines on its mission but still managed to limp back to England. After the bomber has undergone complete repair, commentary states "every month 500 other battle damaged planes like Stella climb back into the air."
Office of War Information, Bureau of Motion Pictures, The War Activities Committee of the Motion Picture Industry
Summary:
Shows how Pennsylvania Dutch communities of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania solved farming problems caused by the war. Emphasizes that the population is largely of German ancestry. Extra physical effort and cooperative farming compensate for shortages of manpower and machinery. Shows farmers doing farm chores, such as milking, feeding, and picking corn without the labor of young men gone to war. A cooperative meets and discusses sharing of scarce farm machinery after church. Contains scenes of farm life in the homes of several farmers. Profile of farmer Moses Zimmerman shows how increased production is being achieved with less farm labor, families are adopting to food rationing.
[motion picture] Demonstrates three slab methods of pottery-making. Shows wedging, forming a candleholder directly from a lump of clay, rolling a slab for a simple tile, and constructing a flower container from several pieces of clay. Emphasizes the correct use of basic tools.
Addressed to "the men and women of American Industry," the Film Communique series reports on military accomplishments to an audience of domestic workers producing materials for war. Comprised of four short segments: Bingo depicts the coordination of several artillery units using radio communication to simultaneously fire on a German target.
Forty Five Minutes For Lunch shows U.S. B-26 bombers from English airfields flying daytime raids over France.
A Few Quick Facts short, informative animations about the battleship Iowa and the superiority of the American soldier.
Battle of Hill 700 reports on the fight against Japanese Army's 6th Division for control of Bougainville Island in the Spring of 1944. Provides background on the 6th division's role in Japan's 1938 invasion of China. Extensive combat footage of the prolonged battle, the defeat of the Japanese, and the soldier's impromptu Christian worship service in the jungle battlefield.[Contains scenes of graphic violence and mutilated bodies]
Ford Galaxie "Galaxie Styling" : An advertisement for the Pontiac Galaxie in which a woman who likes modern art takes her reluctant husband to a gallery, where they discover the car and come to agree on it as a piece of art.
Pontiac "Jazz" : An advertisement for the 1960 Ford Ranch Wagon in which a narrator describes how wagons and jazz have changed since the 1920s, and a jazz band packs the car with themselves and their instruments to demonstrate the space capabilities of the car.
United States. Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, The National Geographic Society
Summary:
Described as a film portraying "twenty types of orchids and other flora of South and Central America and the conditions under which they grow" (U.S. Government Films, U.S. Office of Education, 1954, 134), its underlying subject is enchantment with the projected image itself. The color palette of Kodachrome reversal film is on display, capturing the faces of young women posed with exotic tropical flowers. The natural riches of Latin America --cacao, mangoes, and coffee--are presented for the delectation of audiences to the north. One of many similarly-styled productions in the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs catalog of short, documentary subjects, this film contributes to the war era campaign to sway popular opinion toward a spirit of allegiance and neighborly-ness between the nations of the Americas.
United States. Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, Ralph E. Gray, A.C.L. : photographed and produced by
Summary:
A colorful travelogue of modern, urban life in Mexico City. "Shows scenes typical of modern Mexico, such as the tall buildings and wide boulevards of Mexico City. The canal leading to Xochimilco, with its fruit- and flower-laden boats, is pictured. Then describes a festival held in honor of the Vice President of the United States, Henry Wallace, when he visited Mexico City. It includes a bullfight and a parade of Mexican beauties. Ends with a pageant of old and new Mexican dances" (War Films Bulletin of the Extension Division Indiana University, February, 1943, 19)
Stresses that the obligation of each hospital corpsman in the Navy is to be cheerful and make each patient comfortable. Demonstrates an alcohol rub which will prevent pressure sores.
Demonstrates the proper procedure for checking a vacuum tube for shorts and cathode emission by using a tube tester. Also mentions exceptions to normal procedures for special types of tubes.
Presents newsreel film on the invasion of France during World War II. Shows Allied air power "softening up" the Normandy coast, the great sea convoy on its way, and landings on the beachheads.
Describes and illustrates the mold casting stage in the development of the sculptural portrait. Shows how plaster is mixed, applied to the clay, and the importance of working fast. Discusses the use of shims for separating the mold. Concludes by showing the completed mold. (KETC) Kinescope.
Presents by experimental means the dilation of time by using the radioactive decay of cosmic ray mu-mesons. The experiment shows how data are taken from the decay of mu-mesons at rest, mu-mesons which arrive on top of Mt. Washington, and the number that survive to reach sea level. From the results of these time distribution measures the conclusion is drawn that the mesons keep time at about one-ninth the rate they do when they are at rest.
Explains why a weekly checkup on tires, battery, engine oil, and radiator is necessary; why tires should be crisscrossed; why a car should be lubricated regularly and the engine oil and gear lubricants changed; why the oil filter elements should be replaced regularly; and why the cooling system should be inspected periodically.
Points out the chief truck farming areas of the United States and gives a detailed picture of the activities on a truck farm in the Rio Grande Delta. Portrays the planting, irrigation, spraying, harvesting, packing, and shipping of truck farm crops. Emphasizes the results of using scientific methods in farming, and demonstrates the interdependence of the producer and the consumer. Second edition.
Shows Guatemala's natural resources, crops, and other products. Includes the cultivation of coffee, bananas, corn, pepper, cinchona for quinine, and plants for rotenone. Includes a short Spanish lesson.
Continues the modeling from Sculpture VI and completes the clay bust. Discusses and demonstrates how the eye is modeled. Emphasizes the importance of having different parts work together as a whole. Outlines the many finishing techniques that can be used. Comments briefly on several contemporary sculptors. (KECT) kinescope.
Teaching Film Custodians abridged classroom version of a Cavalcade of America television series episode, "The Tenderfoot" (season 1, episode 20), which first aired June 24th, 1953 on NBC-TV. 27-year-old Theodore Roosevelt, dejected by the near simultaneous deaths of his mother and his wife, and by political reversals, retires from public life in 1886 to his ranch in North Dakota. He is shaken from his lethargy when some of his property is stolen by outlaws. Undaunted by blizzard conditions, young Roosevelt leads his ranch hands in the pursuit and capture of the outlaws. This action restores Roosevelt's will to fight for law and order, characteristic of his later career.
Dramatizes parts of Liszt's life from a young boy to his last days as a teacher. Shows by animated maps, still pictures, and dramatization the places where he lived or performed, the people he knew, and the times in which he lived. Explains many things that influenced Liszt's music and presents excerpts of his music with special attention to Les Preludes.
Tells the story of a boy's trip to visit friends in Costa Rica. He lives in the home of an upper-class Costa Rican family, sharing their life and activities. He goes to see the public schools, the city market, native animals in the zoo, and the large plantations. Emphasizes the similarities and differences between life in Costa Rica and the United States.
Traces the history of the film industry from the beginning of ancient Chinese shadow shows to silouhettes and lighting for 3D effects. The invention of sound and special effects are dealt with.
Stresses today's need for foreign language instruction to help foster international cooperation and understanding. Learning of a foreign language by elementary school children by the oral-aural method, before learning to read or write the language is suggested as a valuable teaching technique. Television's contribution to a nonprofessionally trained language teacher in both the teachers' own preparation and the teaching of the class is cited. Specially made films with foreign language narrations can be used to give a link between a language and the culture from which is developed. Language laboratories are indicated as means for allowing students more practice in listening and speaking the language than do conventional techniques.
Describes the handling and processing of waste from the time it is discarded into separate garbage cans to the point where it is used in new and repaired goods. Shows the collection, separation grading, preparation for melting, and distribution of refuse to centers according to its usefulness. Depicts the repair of discarded toys and the feeding of hogs and surveys the activities of the department of sanitation.
Shows the different kinds of nails and screws and their uses. Tells how to determine the size of nails, and how to drive them properly by using various techniques. Describes the hammer and screwdriver, and shows proper ways of handling them. Illustrates the principal parts of screws by diagram, and demonstrates various ways to make their use more effective.
Features silent footage of Indiana University's "Marching Hundred" band, with Daniel L. Martino, director, and Charles F. Keen, assistant director, who are featured in a brief close-up. Includes quoted accolades from the band's founding in 1900 through 1948, including several from John Philip Sousa. Follows the men on a bus trip to the University of Illinois and showcases several halftime programs.
Tells of the energy, the courage, and the efforts of the Russians behind the front lines in World War II. Shows the holding and striking power of Russia.
The development of Tennessee Valley Authority, describing the benefits to the people. Includes conditions before TVA and various changes that TVA brought.
The biology of the past; the aims, methods and instrumentation of modern biology, and its pertinence to man; the biology of the future in terms of some of its problems.
Determines, with proper use and interpretation, the cause of poor sound if it lies in faulty 16mm motion picture projection equipment. Includes the following technical test sections: sound focusing test, the buzz track test, and a frequency response test. Offers, in addition, four sections for testing title music, dialogue, piano music, and orchestral music.
Presents physical education as an essential part of the modern school curriculum. John Glenn explains why the astronauts need to be ready physically and mentally for space travel. Describes how body motor skills are developed in early grades by tumbling, rope climbing, and rhythms. Pictures older students playing team games, as basketball and volleyball. Stresses the need for well-planned activities, accurate records, and competent, well-trained teachers.
Explores the possiblities of creating color lithography and explains methods of visualization, transfer and simple registry. Shows Patrick Dullantry, an American printmaker who works over progressive proofs of his work to develop a color lithograph. Presents color lithographs by such masters as Toulouse Lautrec, Paul Cezanne, Renoir, and works of modern contemporary young American printmakers.
The architects of the European Coal and Steel Community considered ECSC, not an end in itself, but the first step toward eventual European unity to be realized through the establishment of a common market for all goods. This program traces the successive steps that resulted in the establishment, in 1957, of the Common Market and Euratom. The major economic aims of the Common Market (the abolition of internal trade restrictions, and the establishment of an external common tariff among the six participating nations) are illustrated through the use of animated graphics.
Uses the voice of a young girl, killed in the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, to narrate a tour through the ruins of Pompeii as she relives her past experiences and hears again the sounds which echoed through the city's streets. Shows the uncovered ruins of the bakery, the wine shop, gardens, temples, homes of the rich and the poor, the theatre, and the gladiatorial arena. Briefly mentions the girl's love for a young boy of Christian faith and the resultant conflict with her pagan religion.
Shows how to make a template for the job; how to install knives in the spindle; how to use the template when smoothing squared edges; how to set up equipment for shaping a curved edge; and how to shape a curved edge in more than one cut.
This is the presentation of art at its best as one reviewer puts it. The BBC cameras follow a guide, Bernard Braden, as he tours Hartford House wherein is housed one of the world’s finest collections of art, the Wallace Collection, given to England by a wealthy, aristocratic family. As the guide passes among them, the works of the world’s greatest artists come to life.
Marcel Duchamp's only film is an example of "graphic cinema." It wittingly demonstrates the intertwining of the visual and verbal responses to viewing a film. The title itself- "anemic" is an anagram of "cinema." Disks of spirals which create optical illusions alternate with disks containing elaborately obscene puns. Duchamp condenses the whole range of sexual elements involving emergence and penetration of a plane surface into a model association between the illusions of gyrating cones and the allusions to breasts, genitals and defecation. --WorldCat
A Teaching Film Custodians film about the presentation and conventions of live theatre at Shakespeare's Globe Theater circa 1600. Incorporating footage from the prologue of the 1944 British Technicolor feature film, "Henry V", directed by and starring Laurence Olivier, and graphics, this film illustrates the location, and appearance of the Globe and Rose theaters, the activity before a typical presentation, where the audience was seated, and the manner in which the Globe Theater was used. We see the audience entering the theater, gallants taking their places on stage, the orange girl and cider man hawking their wares, and the actors preparing for their entrance. Concludes with the curtain parting and the chorus reciting the prologue.
Shows the overall story of lumbering in the Pacific Northwest from the falling of trees to the production of lumber, paper, venier, and plywood. Surveying by aerial photography is described. Transportation of logs from forest to mill, sorting at the mill, sawing, salvage of waste materials, and production of newsprint are shown with emphasis on timber conservation.
Indicates the preparation necessary for entrance into radio work, stressing a strong foundation in science and mathematics. The development of personality and a cultural background is stressed. Gives an overview of radio and its present importance and the application of radio principles to public address systems, sound reproduction, and television.
Pictures and describes a number of common African musical instruments. Indicates the probable origin of the instruments. Among those shown and played are the tom-tom, skin drums, horns of various types, and the xylophone.
Portrays life in the northeast corner of Scotland. The work of the fishermen and farmers and the industries and other activities of Aberdeen are described in some detail.
A message from Donald M. Nelson, chairman of the War Production Board, urging Americans to save metals, rubber, and greases for the World War II effort.
"A record of the achievements of the Canadian Army's First Division in the Sicilian campaign of World War II, a campaign that breached the walls of Axis Europe. It also shows how this campaign was made possible by the efforts of farmers and factory workers in Canada."--NFB website.
Depicts the life and adventures of Sir Francis Drake, an English explorer of the 16th century. Portrays his exploration of the new world and shows some of his personal possessions including sword, ceremonial helmet, and Bible. Shows model demonstrations of how ships sailed in those days and how sailors fought. Indicates the crude navigation instruments used by early explorers and points out the difficulties which Drake encountered.
Portrays the role of Nanking in the history of China. Pictures its modern city life and its surroundings, including the Yangtze River, the mausoleum of Sun Yat-sen, ancient landmarks, and famous buildings.
Uses a poem by F. L. McConkey and drawings by Joseph Servell to depict the work and social environment of a factory town where anger frusteration, and despair set in when the workmen are laid off.
Explains the contents of the Essentials of Good Speech. Discusses duration as an aspect of voice production and how it refers to the length of sound. Illustrates a lesson on duration at the "Presentation Stage" of Face A of the Speech Model. Shows the pupil learning a "part" (Duration) which will later be applied to a "whole" (word or words).
Presents a lesson at the "Imitation Stage" on loudness. Demonstrates how to help a pupil correctly imitate loud and soft vowels through the process of shaping only one ingredient at a time.
Discusses a well-known system for practicing pronunciation: articulation of consonants and enunciation of vowels. Emphasizes again more "parts" which are to be applied to "wholes." Shows how sounds are associated with a color code: blue for voiceless, red for voiced, and brown for nasal manner of articulation. Illustrates an early lesson at the "Presentation Stage" and introduces specific touch positions for color work.
Discusses the GLGSP as an integrative device for the general teaching of language and speech so that every communication between pupil and adult can be made a learning situation for language or speech or both. Presents five steps a teacher can use in understanding what a pupil has said.
Presents four lesson segments demonstrating advanced stages of pitch learning. Demonstrates, in the first segment, the production of vowels which move from low to high or high to low, and the production of combinations of loud, soft, high, and low-pitched vowels. Presents, in the second segment, the application of "part" learning of pitch to the correct general pitch by asking the pupil to lower his voice. Shows, in the final segment, the application of "part" learning of pitch to the intonation of the question, "Is it big?"
Continues synthetic practice of the "whole" word, "welcome", narrowing to analytic work on the second syllable (km). Shows the teacher shaping (km) toward correctness: weak form of the syllable, i.e., soft, short, nasal emission on (km). Then pupil works at the "Presentation and Imitation Stages" on Face A of the speech model.
Examines carry-over practice involving habituation of the correct accent and intonation of the entire phrase. Demonstrates carry-over practice given through the General Language: General Speech Pattern by the teacher in the language lesson, by other teachers in a nursery school, and by parents at home. Concludes with a pupil automatically using the phrase correctly in a general situation.
Discusses shaping the pronunciation of vowels and consonants. Depicts the teacher helping the pupil combine voiced and nasal consonants with long vowels. Also presents more difficult sound combinations, including short vowels.
Demonstrates the guiding of a pupil to consciously produce the desired pitch of vowels through reinforcement of his correct imitations. Depicts the teacher assessing the pupil's natural pitch for the vowels (ü), (ä), and (ē), in one case making the child conscious of his naturally high (ü).
Demonstrates the incorporation of the "part" (weak second syllable) back into the "whole", "Welcome." Depicts the teacher attempting to get proper intonation on the word through (a) shaping and (b) general practice. Presents an assessment of the automatic production of the phrase.
Focuses on "CH" and "J" at Face C of the speech model through the GLGSP in classroom situations as the sounds arise incidentally in words. Shows the pupil working at the "Production Stage" of "CH" and the "Presentation Stage" of "J". Concludes the learning session, which began at Face A when the pupil started the in-depth work on "SH" as a single sound.
Demonstrates one pupil's accomplishment of the early goals of color work: pronunciation of vowel and consonant combinations. Depicts a pupil producing the majority of speech sounds on request, and imitating (shaping) some complex sounds: "SH", "R", "L", and "S". Discusses the application of "part" learning to the pronunciation of a new word, "talent," which the pupil sees in print.
Continues to practice, as well as working on the whole phrase incidentally. Evaluates the automatic production of the entire phrase. Includes five examples of use of the General Language: General Speech Pattern unrelated to specific work on (km).
Presents a lesson at the "Production Stage" on duration, an aspect of voice production. Depicts the pupil producing vowels of long or short duration on request. Points out how the knowledge and skill of the "part" learning of duration is then applied to the word "welcome." Demonstrates the use of verbal direction alone to help the pupil learn correct syllable duration in the word.
Presents a pupil working at the "Imitation Stage" on pitch. Shows the pupil developing high vowels (ä) and (ē) from one naturally high vowel, (ü). Depicts a pupil being taught to sustain high vowels in moving in continuous voice from (ü) to (ä) and (ē).
Demonstrates teaching devices which can be employed to help the deaf pupil with step 1 of learning to pronounce the SH sound: three devices for tongue blunting, one device for keeping the tongue tip placement centered during blunting, and three devices for maintaining a high wide tongue during blunting.
Continues the shaping of the production of the element (km) to become weak. Depicts a pupil achieving a second approximation [making (km) very short], and later moving from High-Error to Low-Error to No-Error practice. Demonstrates the General Language: General Speech Pattern.
Presents a lesson at the "Imitation Stage" on duration, covering the "part" that will later be applied to a "whole" word or words. Depicts the shaping of the pupil's duration of vowels, using three levels of reinforcement.
Sets forth the incorporation of "SH" into words. Takes five nuclei words through Face A of the speech model. Demonstrates work on the first word, "she," from "Presentation, Imitation, and Production Stages" including carry-over devices and no-error level of practice. Uses one teaching device to review "SH" in isolation as well as one GLGSP in the language area.
Demonstrates the production of vowels using requested loudness on first trials. Depicts the pupil applying her "part" learning, loudness, to get proper accent on the word "mama" through verbal request alone.
Shows how to select and lay out stock to avoid waste; how to reverse curves to contour lines; how to use the table tilting gage; how to saw a bevel reverse curve; how to prepare a template for a newel post; and how to saw a newel post having reverse curves.
Crown Film Unit, British Information Service, South African Bureau of Information
Summary:
A British production reporting on the contribution of South Africa, a sovereign Dominion of the Commonwealth, to the Allied war effort. Declares that the former antagonism between races - Dutch, English and Bantu - has been overcome. "This film opens with a brief outline of the country, showing how it is a land of contrasts in farming, living, worshipping, trading and in transport, and tells how South Africa made her own decision to enter the war and how she backed that decision. With the help of the British Admiralty, a navy was built up to defend the coastline , and RAF experts aided in South Africa's Air Training Scheme" (The Educational Screen, February 1944, 92).
How to select the correct arbor; mount the work head; adjust the work head for clearance settings; and set up for sharpening the outside diameter, corner, and face.
Portrays the frequency of a mutant in the gene pool as reaching a state of equilibrium when, per generation, its origination by mutation equals its elimination by genetic death. Discusses genetic death and presents examples of how genetic loads are changed subsequent to radiation exposure. Pictures the great majority of mutants as harmful when homozygous, but some cases, as in sickle call anemia, heterozygotes are adaptively superior to normal homozygotes. Explains balanced polymorphism, by which a gene is retained in the population despite its lethality when homozygous because of the advantage it confers when heterozygous. Lectures given by Dr. Thomas Dobzhansky.
Discusses the role of heredity and environment in determining the sex of various organisms. Indicates that in some organisms it is the environment in which a given genotype functions that determines whether differentiation shall occur as male or as female. This is exemplified by sex determination in certain snails, mosses, and worms. Portrays a difference in genetic constitution as primarily responsible for sex determination in other organisms as for a unicellular plant (Chlamydomanas), certain grasshoppers, Drosophila, man, and the mouse. Discusses the genetic basis for sex mosaics (gynandromorphs) and indicates the influences of the "y" chromosome in determining sex in man. Lecture by Dr. C. Stern.
Portrays sex as a polygenic trait which may be considered to be determined by the balance of genes on different chromosomes. This view is substantiated by the work of R. Goldschmidt on the gypsy moth and its intersexes, and is most clearly demonstrates in Bridges' studies of different sex types in Drosophila. Discusses sex determination and the role of hormones in sex differentiation in the case of man. Depicts the human sex ratio and the cause of significant deviations in it from normality, and discusses the possibility of controlling sex by separating male and female producing sperm. Lecture by Dr. C. Stern.
Technique of drilling and tapping blind holes in cast steel on a radial drill. A drill jig with loose bushings is used for locating the holes. Setting up the work on the table of the machine, setting the jig on the piece to the layout lines. Calculating the size of the tap drill and the method used when setting the machine to drill a number of holes to the same depth. A wizard drill chuck is used in the drilling operation, and a standard friction chuck for holding the tap. The action of a tap in a hole is shown in animation and the reason why a tap binds in the hole and must be reversed frequently when tapping in tough metals.
Division of Visual Aids, U.S. Office of Education, Federal Security Agency, Ray-Bell Films, Inc.
Summary:
Shows how to assemble broaching inserts in right- and left-hand toolholders, how to mount and adjust toolholders in the double ram; how to mount and adjust the work fixtures; how to set trip dogs for the ram stroke; how to measure the workpiece after trial broaching; and how to surface-broach on a double ram vertical broaching machine at a production rate.
Shows various types of micrometers; how to use a micrometer, read the barrel and thimble scales, check the accuracy of readings, and take care of the instrument.
The third film in a five-film series, this film illustrates how pre-school children use the forms and arrangements of the words of their language to convey meaning. This is the grammar of the language. This film shows how patterns of organization differ from language to language and are based not so much on logic as on customs and conventions peculiar to each language. A class in German shows how grammatical patterns and their variations are taught by modern methods.
University Films, J. D. Watson, Irwin H. Herskowitz
Summary:
Describes RNA and DNA which are favored as the carriers of genetic information. Presents DNA molecules as shown in the electron microscope and describes the polymeric nature of the DNA molecule and DNA nucleotides. Compares the base content of DNA from various organisms. Describes in detail the three-dimensional organization of DNA as revealed through X-ray diffraction experiments. Pictures a Watson-Crick double helix model of DNA which suggests that DNA may replicate by the two complementary chains separating with each single strand then acting as a template to form its complement. Lecture given by Dr. J. D. Watson.
Describes the ways in which genes produce phenotypic differences by acting very early in embryonic development. Shows that this action may take place at a distance through chemical messengers (pituitary dwarfism in the house mouse, lethal giant larva in Drosophila), or it may involve tissue induction systems (Brachyury and taillessness in the house mouse). Discusses the development of eye color in Drosophila as a model of how each of the steps in a chain of chemical processes leading to development is under genic control. Lecture given by Dr. L. C. Dunn.
Portrays the role of developmental genetics in dealing with ways phenotypes come into being through the action of genes. Presents a complete discussion of the Creeper domestic fowl--its genetic basis, morphology, embryological history, and the experimental work that led to an understanding of how this gene affects early development to produce the morphological features seen as the outcome of the developmental process. Lecture given by Dr. L. C. Dunn.
Shows the parts of a single ram vertical machine; how to interpret the blueprint of a broaching tool; how to install broaching inserts for straddle broaching; how to mount the toolholder with its assembled broaching tool; how to mount and adjust the work fixture; and how to surface-broach at production rate.
