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In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., explains the relationship between language and culture. He points out that there is no such thing as a “primitive” language; all languages have the same amount of history behind them. He reveals why all languages are about equally complex, and discusses language patterns and how they affect the learning of a language.
Bash compares the chores children have today with those children had a few generations ago as members of a pioneer family. She describes a typical day and tells of the work the family members do and their entertainment. Lillian Patterson performs the imaginary dreams of a pioneer child. Songs include “Pony Lullaby” and “Springfield Mountain.”
Audience learns how to make an ant puppet of varying size. In the Make Do Theatre play, the story of Archibald Ant is told. After playing baseball, he eats too much honey and his stomach gets really big. After it goes down in size, he vows to never tell anyone what happened.
Discusses the first weeks and months of a baby's life. Explains how the relationship of the parents to the infant affects his future development. Points out various pitfalls parents should be aware of including a let down on the part of the mother, jealousy that may develop between father and baby, and changes in attitude toward each other. Answers questions concerning the role of the father, bottle vs. breast feeding, colic, and self-demand vs. scheduled feeding. (WTTW) Kinescope.
The grace and beauty of bamboo—familiar subject to all Japanese artists—is captured by T. Mikami as he teaches hos to draw bamboo as it appears on a windy day, starting with the truck, then the slender branches , and finally the leaves. Mr. Mikami also paints bamboo as it appears in the rain and in the snow.
With the sparrow as the main subject of this fourth program, T. Mikami teaches the few simple strokes involved in painting this little bird. First he paints the sparrow sitting on a rambling branch, then on the ground feeding. He stresses the Japanese technique of painting birds in their natural setting and paints samples of a few birds common in Japan.
Relates criminal behavior to the lack of psychological controls on energies and impulses. Uses a modified Freudian approach to trace the development of the psychic. Explains the functions of the super-ego, the ego and the ego ideal. (KQED) Kinescope.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain how a new theory in science replaces an old one. Relates the method used by Count Rumford to disprove the caloric theory of heat. Features Dr. Sanborn Brown, Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Bash describes the workings of a canal and shows how it is possible to make a ship “go upstairs” from one water level to another. The reasons for digging canals are discussed along with the importance of canals such as the Erie Canal and the Panama Canal. The influence of canals on the lives of people in this country is explained. Songs include “Erie Canal,” “Venezuela” and “My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean.”
Tells the story of a day in the life of two boys and a girl living in a small Scottish fishing village as seen through their own eyes. The children are followed during the day as they walk through the village, buy fish, attend school and gather with other family members for meals. The highlight of the day is a trip aboard the father's fishing boat to a nearby town where on the children's tour they explore an old castle and here "through imagination" a Scottish Bagpipe band appears and briefly plays.
In this program, film sequences illustrate the steps in the prison separation and analysis technique, and an inmate tells of his experience with the classification system. Criminologist Joseph D. Lohman outlines the basic and conflicting ideas which underlie imprisonment, punishment and rehabilitation. Powers and Lohman
emphasize the need for professional personnel to implement the classification of prisoners and the importance of setting up programs to meet their individual needs.
Describes the various groups of settlers that came to this country and founded colonies. Tells of the first French, English, Dutch, Swedish, and Spanish settlers. Discusses their lives, homes, and food. (KQED) Kinescope.
How the clothes of people living in this country have changed is shown by Bash, in pictures and in living pictorial groups. From the early Spanish peaked helmet and bloomers, through the Cavaliers, with their plumed hats and high leather-jack boots, Bash travels, saying why and how the changes occurred. The Puritan simple dress, the colonial costume, complete with high powdered wigs, the hoop skirts and the bustles all are part of the description. Children’s costumes of the time are shown by actual children, and the dances done by the children of certain periods are demonstrated by the Lillian Patterson dance group.
Bash starts at the earliest meetings of groups of people, the church festival, and traces the development of gatherings on through the country fairs. The camp meetings of the Methodists give rise to the well-known rollicking song, “Methodist Pie.” The custom of bringing goods that were grown on the individual farm, and taking the family to the fair, to see new things, to buy things, and to meet with friends develops in to the country fair, with its gay decorations, its amusements, and its fund of knowledge. Contests are described, such as the athletic events of running and jumping and shooting, which the young men practiced, and the Patterson dance group dances to the song, “Camptown Races,” as they show how the sulkies sped around the track behind the trotting horses.
Bash tells the romance crossing streams and takes a film trip to see some historic covered bridges which are still in use. Covered bridges had many unusual features including the special toll charge for shoveling snow into the inside for the sleighs to pass on in winter. Bash tells how, fitted together with wooden pins, often they floated downstream intact in floods. Songs include “London Bridge" and "Red River Valley".
Tells the story of an imaginary cross-country trip in a covered wagon. Explains the preparation for the trip. Describes the difficulties encountered on such a journey. (KQED) Kinescope.
Concentrates on criminal behavior committed by teenagers. Points out that juvenile delinquency may be over-exaggerated. Shows how improvements in statistics, reporting, and apprehension influence the total picture of teenage crime. Presents a group of young people discussing themselves and their problems. (KQED) Kinescope.
Minerals are combinations of the elements of the earth. They can be identified by luster, color, hardness, specific gravity, density and cleavage, and by their crystal form. This program will deal with these forms. When the minerals solidify in cavities without interference with solid substances, they usually assume shapes which are characteristics of each particular mineral. To a physicist the crystal arrangement describes the internal arrangementof atoms. To the amateur observer the large well-formed crystals are beautiful examples of symmetry in nature. Some crystals are angular, others are then and needle-like; some dendritic or branching like limbs of a tree; others botryoidally or grapelike. You will see some common crystal forms: quartz, feldspar, mica, obsidian, garnet, magnetite, hematite, fluorite, calcite, dolomite, pyrite, gypsum, sugar, and salt.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray differences in marriage rituals of three societies. Emphasizes the basic motive behind the selection of marriage partners, the rituals that join them, and the values that guide their relationships. Compares Americans, the Bantu of Africa, and the Muria of India.
Analyzes patterns of culture and their influence on the rise of criminality, using the Nazi regime in Germany as an example. Points out how accepted behavior in one culture may be a crime in another. Discusses the impact of cultures meeting head-on, thus giving rise to criminal behavior.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr.,explains and demonstrates dialect differences in standard English. He calls upon five guests from different geographical areas in the United States who illustrate pronunciation differences. The film illustrates how language variations are divided into geographical areas.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray reactions to human illness. Emphasizes detection, treatment, and acceptance of treatment methods of illness. Compares Americans, the Ojibwa Indians of Canada, and the Djuka Bush Negroes of Dutch Guiana. (KUHT) Film.
In all societies, children have a need to play. The doll, made in the human image is a universal toy. The puppet, made in the human or animal form, is another means of diversion for children, as well as adults. In some non-technological societies, puppetry has been developed into a high art. Shari Lewis examines the variety of ways in which man, using materials at hand, has created replicas of himself for fun and amusement.
The program describes the kinds of housing the early settlers built, from the earliest lean-to type, hastily thrown together to protest the people as soon as they landed on these shores, on through the way they learned to make thatched roofs, then later cut logs for building. The use of handmade bricks, and the change of ways in making fireplaces from the original stick-covered-with-mud ones to brick ones follows in the story. The various ways of building sturdy walls by notching of logs in various patterns and cuts is shown. Songs include “The Tailor and the Mouse,” “Little Mohee,” and “Cockels and Mussels.”
The program begins with the days following the Civil War, when men first drove cattle westward to the range lands of the southwest, where only the buffalo had grazed before. The importance of meat to the country is shown, and the development of great herds, which roamed the open unfenced country until it was later settled and fenced. The life of the cowboy, the reason for his wearing his particular costume, chaps, kerchief, sombrero, is explained. Bash tells tales of the cowboy’s job herding, branding, and also driving the cattle on the long trek up the trails to market and shipping centers. Songs include “Cowboy’s Dreams,” “The Chisholm Trail,” and a lively dance is done to “Cindy” when the cowboys reach town.
Here, Dr. Jones defines the episodic principle as the simple rondo-form combining the two principles of repetition and contrast and illustrates the principle with a selection from Haydn. Concluding the series, he presents a selection from Beethoven’s “Quintet for Winds and Piano,” in which the repetitions between the contrasting episodes are varied.
Discusses the nature of perception and knowing. Illustrates how experiences involve a transaction between perceiver and the thing of event perceived. Demonstrates the "trapezoid window" illusion created by Adelbert Ames, Jr. Relates perception and knowing to communication. (KQED) Film.
Bash traces the development of drama and entertainment from the medieval days of acrobats at fairs, to the present. She demonstrates use of early puppets and marionettes, speaks of the troubadours and minstrels, and describes the pantomimes of the Harlequin and Columbines. The Lillian Patterson dancers assist in presenting the pictures through dance and acrobatics, and Bash ends the program by taking a very modern merry-go-round ride. Songs are “The Little Marionette” and “Jumping Jack.”
Presents a debate on the problem of radioactive fallout from nuclear tests and the advisability of nuclear disarmament. Debates such pertinent questions as : "Does radioactive fallout from nuclear tests present a formidable danger to present and future generations?", "Will nuclear disarmament affect national security?", "Is continued testing necessary to insure future development of nuclear power for peaceful uses?" Features Dr. Edward Teller, Professor of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, and Dr. Linus Pauling, Professor of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology. (KQED) Kinescope.
Tells the story of farm life in early America. Explains how the farmer once raised his own animals and used them for the many things he needed. Visits a farm to see farm animals. (KQED) Kinescope.
Teaches the techniques of drawing fish. Demonstrates by painting fish swimming and jumping from water. Stresses the Japanese approach to composition using fish as an example. (KQED) Kinescope.
Bash tells of fishing in New England, where the fishermen fished close to the shore at first and then went all the way to the Grand Banks in their small craft. Examples of the ways in which various fish are caught includes the lobster trap, the use of lines or purse seine nets and the use of dredge nets. Songs include “Sarah,” “Hulla Baloo Belay” and “Crawdad.”
Bash tells why more games are played in the United States than any other country in the world. She says this is because immigrants brought the games of their native lands with them when they migrated here. She shows how games make for friendship among children of different countries. Hopscotch, jacks, checkers and football are included and the fun of making up your own games or rhymes and songs for old games is brought out. The Lillian Patterson dance group dances to several games. Songs include “Round and Round the Mulberry Bush,” “The Riddle Song,” and “Bluebells.”
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., examines the structure, patterning, and classification of words. He explains how the linguist defines a word in terms of base, vowels, and stress patterns, and presents examples using nouns, verbs, and pronouns.
In this series, Dr. Henry Lee Smith, Jr., Professor of Linguistics and English at the University of Buffalo, presents an introduction to linguistics covering the nature of language, its structure and development.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., continues the discussion of grammar and how words are classified. Explains how adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions are identified by structure rather than meaning. Examines the structure of phrases and sentences.
Discusses Great River by Paul Horgan. Sets forth the scope of the book, analyzes its form, and appraises the strengths and limitations of its author as historian and writer. Stresses the importance of the work with regard to the historical technique used.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray differences in personal contact between males and females as sanctioned by three societies. Emphasizes differences in opportunity for courtship, the patterns of association that emerge, and how these experiences relate to marriage. Compares Americans, the Bantu of Africa, and the Muria of Central India. (KUHT) Film.
Bash takes a film trip to a forest, in company with a forest ranger, who shows her how the Forest Service raises trees, even the biggest evergreens, as a crop. The methods of selecting them for harvest, and the wise use of our heritage of lumber is shown. The Ranger marks a tree for harvest, after pointing out various facts about a healthy tree, and we see the tree cut and taken to the logging mill. Songs include, “Saturday Night” and “Dublin City.”
This program will introduce volcanism and the rocks (igneous) which result from heat. Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock and can befound either beneath the earth’s surface or on the surface. Identification of them is made by texture. this dependson where they cooled, and how fast the cooling took place. You will examine the texture and characteristics of someof the common igneous rocks. Granite is one of these and has many different forms. Basalt is another, a dense rock with small crystals, but having a different chemical make-up from that of granite. You’ll find out too about the formations in which igneous rocks are frequently found; dikes, sheets, sills, and laccoliths. Finally you will see a miniature volcano erupt to introduce the most catastrophic form of volcanism, and the rocks formed from this kind of heat; obsidian, pumice, and scoria.
Shows the techniques involved in painting the heron. Depicts this bird sitting on a branch of a willow tree. Tells a tale of about the heron and the Emperor of Japan. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses and illustrates how dictionaries are prepared. Explains how the meanings of words are learned without using the dictionary. Provides examples of how words are inferred from both physical and verbal contexts. Points out that a writer of a dictionary is a historian, not a lawgiver. Stresses the importance of being sensitive to language changes. (KQED) Kinescope.
In this series, Dr. Henry Lee Smith, Jr., Professor of Linguistics and English at the University of Buffalo, presents an introduction to linguistics covering the nature of language, its structure and development.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., discusses the history of the Indo-European family and how different languages are related. He explains how linguists developed a systematic reconstruction of Germanic languages, and points out the contributions of Grimm and Verner in developing laws of language development. Dr. Smith, Jr., also stresses predictability and patterning in language structure.
Bird identification has escaped the laboratory stage in the past 20 years. Frequently the identification of living things down to the species, depends upon features not really observable. But naming a bird (in some cases even to a subspecies) can now be done quite accurately through a system of field identification. Perfected by outstanding field observers like Ludlow Agrisom and Roger T. Peterson and put into book form and general circulation by Peterson, this system has created a hobby full of leisure for many people. This program will introduce the elements of knowing a bird when you see it, alive and in its environment. Graphic art and film will illustrate how you look for stance, pattern, habits and combinations of marking to identify a bird. Betty Sears, “Discovery’s” artist, appears on this program with the sketch book she uses on birding watching expeditions.
Bash shows how the boll weevil bores into the cotton plant and destroys it, and sings the folk song about the boll weevil. She describes the various activities of spiders, including spider ballooning, and goes into the nonsense song of “The Lade Who Swallowed the Spider.” A discussion of flies follows, and the Lillian Patterson dance children dance to “Shoo Fly.”
Introduces the subject of Japanese Brush Painting. Explains the use of the brush painting materials. Discusses the Japanese approach to art. Artist-host T. Mikami paints samples of the subjects to be covered in the series. (KQED) Kinescope.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., provides an introduction to the Language and Linguistics series. He discusses the importance of language and points out common misconceptions concerning language. Dr. Smith tells what language really is and explains how the words we use and the way we use them affect the way we think and see the world. He develops the relationship between language, paralanguage, and kinesics.
Discusses how and why birds migrate. Shows ways in which the movements of birds is studied. Describes and illustrates the use of the mist net in capturing birds for banding. Outlines the results obtained by banding. Tells the migration story of the Arctic Tern and the Golden Plover. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., provides a definition of language and discusses the logic of language. He explains misconceptions about language and writing, and points out that language symbolizes experience and writing symbolizes language. Dr. Smith shows the relationship between written and spoken language using vowels, intonation patterns, and distribution patterns.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain catalytic actions. Demonstrates principles which govern catalysis. Explains the difference between organic and inorganic catalysis. Tells how man's conception of catalytic reactions has changed through the years. Features how man's conception of catalytic reactions has changed through the years. Features Dr. Leonard K. Nash, Professor of Chemistry, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.