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In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., explains the relationship between language and culture. He points out that there is no such thing as a “primitive” language; all languages have the same amount of history behind them. He reveals why all languages are about equally complex, and discusses language patterns and how they affect the learning of a language.
Bash compares the chores children have today with those children had a few generations ago as members of a pioneer family. She describes a typical day and tells of the work the family members do and their entertainment. Lillian Patterson performs the imaginary dreams of a pioneer child. Songs include “Pony Lullaby” and “Springfield Mountain.”
Audience learns how to make an ant puppet of varying size. In the Make Do Theatre play, the story of Archibald Ant is told. After playing baseball, he eats too much honey and his stomach gets really big. After it goes down in size, he vows to never tell anyone what happened.
Discusses the first weeks and months of a baby's life. Explains how the relationship of the parents to the infant affects his future development. Points out various pitfalls parents should be aware of including a let down on the part of the mother, jealousy that may develop between father and baby, and changes in attitude toward each other. Answers questions concerning the role of the father, bottle vs. breast feeding, colic, and self-demand vs. scheduled feeding. (WTTW) Kinescope.
The grace and beauty of bamboo—familiar subject to all Japanese artists—is captured by T. Mikami as he teaches hos to draw bamboo as it appears on a windy day, starting with the truck, then the slender branches , and finally the leaves. Mr. Mikami also paints bamboo as it appears in the rain and in the snow.
With the sparrow as the main subject of this fourth program, T. Mikami teaches the few simple strokes involved in painting this little bird. First he paints the sparrow sitting on a rambling branch, then on the ground feeding. He stresses the Japanese technique of painting birds in their natural setting and paints samples of a few birds common in Japan.
Relates criminal behavior to the lack of psychological controls on energies and impulses. Uses a modified Freudian approach to trace the development of the psychic. Explains the functions of the super-ego, the ego and the ego ideal. (KQED) Kinescope.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain how a new theory in science replaces an old one. Relates the method used by Count Rumford to disprove the caloric theory of heat. Features Dr. Sanborn Brown, Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Bash describes the workings of a canal and shows how it is possible to make a ship “go upstairs” from one water level to another. The reasons for digging canals are discussed along with the importance of canals such as the Erie Canal and the Panama Canal. The influence of canals on the lives of people in this country is explained. Songs include “Erie Canal,” “Venezuela” and “My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean.”
Tells the story of a day in the life of two boys and a girl living in a small Scottish fishing village as seen through their own eyes. The children are followed during the day as they walk through the village, buy fish, attend school and gather with other family members for meals. The highlight of the day is a trip aboard the father's fishing boat to a nearby town where on the children's tour they explore an old castle and here "through imagination" a Scottish Bagpipe band appears and briefly plays.
In this program, film sequences illustrate the steps in the prison separation and analysis technique, and an inmate tells of his experience with the classification system. Criminologist Joseph D. Lohman outlines the basic and conflicting ideas which underlie imprisonment, punishment and rehabilitation. Powers and Lohman
emphasize the need for professional personnel to implement the classification of prisoners and the importance of setting up programs to meet their individual needs.
Describes the various groups of settlers that came to this country and founded colonies. Tells of the first French, English, Dutch, Swedish, and Spanish settlers. Discusses their lives, homes, and food. (KQED) Kinescope.
How the clothes of people living in this country have changed is shown by Bash, in pictures and in living pictorial groups. From the early Spanish peaked helmet and bloomers, through the Cavaliers, with their plumed hats and high leather-jack boots, Bash travels, saying why and how the changes occurred. The Puritan simple dress, the colonial costume, complete with high powdered wigs, the hoop skirts and the bustles all are part of the description. Children’s costumes of the time are shown by actual children, and the dances done by the children of certain periods are demonstrated by the Lillian Patterson dance group.
Bash starts at the earliest meetings of groups of people, the church festival, and traces the development of gatherings on through the country fairs. The camp meetings of the Methodists give rise to the well-known rollicking song, “Methodist Pie.” The custom of bringing goods that were grown on the individual farm, and taking the family to the fair, to see new things, to buy things, and to meet with friends develops in to the country fair, with its gay decorations, its amusements, and its fund of knowledge. Contests are described, such as the athletic events of running and jumping and shooting, which the young men practiced, and the Patterson dance group dances to the song, “Camptown Races,” as they show how the sulkies sped around the track behind the trotting horses.
Bash tells the romance crossing streams and takes a film trip to see some historic covered bridges which are still in use. Covered bridges had many unusual features including the special toll charge for shoveling snow into the inside for the sleighs to pass on in winter. Bash tells how, fitted together with wooden pins, often they floated downstream intact in floods. Songs include “London Bridge" and "Red River Valley".
Tells the story of an imaginary cross-country trip in a covered wagon. Explains the preparation for the trip. Describes the difficulties encountered on such a journey. (KQED) Kinescope.
Concentrates on criminal behavior committed by teenagers. Points out that juvenile delinquency may be over-exaggerated. Shows how improvements in statistics, reporting, and apprehension influence the total picture of teenage crime. Presents a group of young people discussing themselves and their problems. (KQED) Kinescope.
Minerals are combinations of the elements of the earth. They can be identified by luster, color, hardness, specific gravity, density and cleavage, and by their crystal form. This program will deal with these forms. When the minerals solidify in cavities without interference with solid substances, they usually assume shapes which are characteristics of each particular mineral. To a physicist the crystal arrangement describes the internal arrangementof atoms. To the amateur observer the large well-formed crystals are beautiful examples of symmetry in nature. Some crystals are angular, others are then and needle-like; some dendritic or branching like limbs of a tree; others botryoidally or grapelike. You will see some common crystal forms: quartz, feldspar, mica, obsidian, garnet, magnetite, hematite, fluorite, calcite, dolomite, pyrite, gypsum, sugar, and salt.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray differences in marriage rituals of three societies. Emphasizes the basic motive behind the selection of marriage partners, the rituals that join them, and the values that guide their relationships. Compares Americans, the Bantu of Africa, and the Muria of India.
Analyzes patterns of culture and their influence on the rise of criminality, using the Nazi regime in Germany as an example. Points out how accepted behavior in one culture may be a crime in another. Discusses the impact of cultures meeting head-on, thus giving rise to criminal behavior.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr.,explains and demonstrates dialect differences in standard English. He calls upon five guests from different geographical areas in the United States who illustrate pronunciation differences. The film illustrates how language variations are divided into geographical areas.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray reactions to human illness. Emphasizes detection, treatment, and acceptance of treatment methods of illness. Compares Americans, the Ojibwa Indians of Canada, and the Djuka Bush Negroes of Dutch Guiana. (KUHT) Film.
In all societies, children have a need to play. The doll, made in the human image is a universal toy. The puppet, made in the human or animal form, is another means of diversion for children, as well as adults. In some non-technological societies, puppetry has been developed into a high art. Shari Lewis examines the variety of ways in which man, using materials at hand, has created replicas of himself for fun and amusement.
The program describes the kinds of housing the early settlers built, from the earliest lean-to type, hastily thrown together to protest the people as soon as they landed on these shores, on through the way they learned to make thatched roofs, then later cut logs for building. The use of handmade bricks, and the change of ways in making fireplaces from the original stick-covered-with-mud ones to brick ones follows in the story. The various ways of building sturdy walls by notching of logs in various patterns and cuts is shown. Songs include “The Tailor and the Mouse,” “Little Mohee,” and “Cockels and Mussels.”
The program begins with the days following the Civil War, when men first drove cattle westward to the range lands of the southwest, where only the buffalo had grazed before. The importance of meat to the country is shown, and the development of great herds, which roamed the open unfenced country until it was later settled and fenced. The life of the cowboy, the reason for his wearing his particular costume, chaps, kerchief, sombrero, is explained. Bash tells tales of the cowboy’s job herding, branding, and also driving the cattle on the long trek up the trails to market and shipping centers. Songs include “Cowboy’s Dreams,” “The Chisholm Trail,” and a lively dance is done to “Cindy” when the cowboys reach town.
Here, Dr. Jones defines the episodic principle as the simple rondo-form combining the two principles of repetition and contrast and illustrates the principle with a selection from Haydn. Concluding the series, he presents a selection from Beethoven’s “Quintet for Winds and Piano,” in which the repetitions between the contrasting episodes are varied.
Discusses the nature of perception and knowing. Illustrates how experiences involve a transaction between perceiver and the thing of event perceived. Demonstrates the "trapezoid window" illusion created by Adelbert Ames, Jr. Relates perception and knowing to communication. (KQED) Film.
Bash traces the development of drama and entertainment from the medieval days of acrobats at fairs, to the present. She demonstrates use of early puppets and marionettes, speaks of the troubadours and minstrels, and describes the pantomimes of the Harlequin and Columbines. The Lillian Patterson dancers assist in presenting the pictures through dance and acrobatics, and Bash ends the program by taking a very modern merry-go-round ride. Songs are “The Little Marionette” and “Jumping Jack.”
Presents a debate on the problem of radioactive fallout from nuclear tests and the advisability of nuclear disarmament. Debates such pertinent questions as : "Does radioactive fallout from nuclear tests present a formidable danger to present and future generations?", "Will nuclear disarmament affect national security?", "Is continued testing necessary to insure future development of nuclear power for peaceful uses?" Features Dr. Edward Teller, Professor of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, and Dr. Linus Pauling, Professor of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology. (KQED) Kinescope.
Tells the story of farm life in early America. Explains how the farmer once raised his own animals and used them for the many things he needed. Visits a farm to see farm animals. (KQED) Kinescope.
Teaches the techniques of drawing fish. Demonstrates by painting fish swimming and jumping from water. Stresses the Japanese approach to composition using fish as an example. (KQED) Kinescope.
Bash tells of fishing in New England, where the fishermen fished close to the shore at first and then went all the way to the Grand Banks in their small craft. Examples of the ways in which various fish are caught includes the lobster trap, the use of lines or purse seine nets and the use of dredge nets. Songs include “Sarah,” “Hulla Baloo Belay” and “Crawdad.”
Bash tells why more games are played in the United States than any other country in the world. She says this is because immigrants brought the games of their native lands with them when they migrated here. She shows how games make for friendship among children of different countries. Hopscotch, jacks, checkers and football are included and the fun of making up your own games or rhymes and songs for old games is brought out. The Lillian Patterson dance group dances to several games. Songs include “Round and Round the Mulberry Bush,” “The Riddle Song,” and “Bluebells.”
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., examines the structure, patterning, and classification of words. He explains how the linguist defines a word in terms of base, vowels, and stress patterns, and presents examples using nouns, verbs, and pronouns.
In this series, Dr. Henry Lee Smith, Jr., Professor of Linguistics and English at the University of Buffalo, presents an introduction to linguistics covering the nature of language, its structure and development.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., continues the discussion of grammar and how words are classified. Explains how adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions are identified by structure rather than meaning. Examines the structure of phrases and sentences.
Discusses Great River by Paul Horgan. Sets forth the scope of the book, analyzes its form, and appraises the strengths and limitations of its author as historian and writer. Stresses the importance of the work with regard to the historical technique used.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray differences in personal contact between males and females as sanctioned by three societies. Emphasizes differences in opportunity for courtship, the patterns of association that emerge, and how these experiences relate to marriage. Compares Americans, the Bantu of Africa, and the Muria of Central India. (KUHT) Film.
Bash takes a film trip to a forest, in company with a forest ranger, who shows her how the Forest Service raises trees, even the biggest evergreens, as a crop. The methods of selecting them for harvest, and the wise use of our heritage of lumber is shown. The Ranger marks a tree for harvest, after pointing out various facts about a healthy tree, and we see the tree cut and taken to the logging mill. Songs include, “Saturday Night” and “Dublin City.”
This program will introduce volcanism and the rocks (igneous) which result from heat. Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock and can befound either beneath the earth’s surface or on the surface. Identification of them is made by texture. this dependson where they cooled, and how fast the cooling took place. You will examine the texture and characteristics of someof the common igneous rocks. Granite is one of these and has many different forms. Basalt is another, a dense rock with small crystals, but having a different chemical make-up from that of granite. You’ll find out too about the formations in which igneous rocks are frequently found; dikes, sheets, sills, and laccoliths. Finally you will see a miniature volcano erupt to introduce the most catastrophic form of volcanism, and the rocks formed from this kind of heat; obsidian, pumice, and scoria.
Shows the techniques involved in painting the heron. Depicts this bird sitting on a branch of a willow tree. Tells a tale of about the heron and the Emperor of Japan. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses and illustrates how dictionaries are prepared. Explains how the meanings of words are learned without using the dictionary. Provides examples of how words are inferred from both physical and verbal contexts. Points out that a writer of a dictionary is a historian, not a lawgiver. Stresses the importance of being sensitive to language changes. (KQED) Kinescope.
In this series, Dr. Henry Lee Smith, Jr., Professor of Linguistics and English at the University of Buffalo, presents an introduction to linguistics covering the nature of language, its structure and development.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., discusses the history of the Indo-European family and how different languages are related. He explains how linguists developed a systematic reconstruction of Germanic languages, and points out the contributions of Grimm and Verner in developing laws of language development. Dr. Smith, Jr., also stresses predictability and patterning in language structure.
Bird identification has escaped the laboratory stage in the past 20 years. Frequently the identification of living things down to the species, depends upon features not really observable. But naming a bird (in some cases even to a subspecies) can now be done quite accurately through a system of field identification. Perfected by outstanding field observers like Ludlow Agrisom and Roger T. Peterson and put into book form and general circulation by Peterson, this system has created a hobby full of leisure for many people. This program will introduce the elements of knowing a bird when you see it, alive and in its environment. Graphic art and film will illustrate how you look for stance, pattern, habits and combinations of marking to identify a bird. Betty Sears, “Discovery’s” artist, appears on this program with the sketch book she uses on birding watching expeditions.
Bash shows how the boll weevil bores into the cotton plant and destroys it, and sings the folk song about the boll weevil. She describes the various activities of spiders, including spider ballooning, and goes into the nonsense song of “The Lade Who Swallowed the Spider.” A discussion of flies follows, and the Lillian Patterson dance children dance to “Shoo Fly.”
Introduces the subject of Japanese Brush Painting. Explains the use of the brush painting materials. Discusses the Japanese approach to art. Artist-host T. Mikami paints samples of the subjects to be covered in the series. (KQED) Kinescope.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., provides an introduction to the Language and Linguistics series. He discusses the importance of language and points out common misconceptions concerning language. Dr. Smith tells what language really is and explains how the words we use and the way we use them affect the way we think and see the world. He develops the relationship between language, paralanguage, and kinesics.
Discusses how and why birds migrate. Shows ways in which the movements of birds is studied. Describes and illustrates the use of the mist net in capturing birds for banding. Outlines the results obtained by banding. Tells the migration story of the Arctic Tern and the Golden Plover. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., provides a definition of language and discusses the logic of language. He explains misconceptions about language and writing, and points out that language symbolizes experience and writing symbolizes language. Dr. Smith shows the relationship between written and spoken language using vowels, intonation patterns, and distribution patterns.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain catalytic actions. Demonstrates principles which govern catalysis. Explains the difference between organic and inorganic catalysis. Tells how man's conception of catalytic reactions has changed through the years. Features how man's conception of catalytic reactions has changed through the years. Features Dr. Leonard K. Nash, Professor of Chemistry, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Dr. Conant and Shari Lewis gives a summary of the series, pointing out that man’s hands are the greatest tool of creative activity, that they have served to fulfill his basic needs and that these needs and this creativity are universal.
Describes the folklore connected with crime. Uses vignettes to show the absurdity of such superstitions as handedness, hair coloring, scars, blemishes, deformities, and glandular problems as causes of criminality. Points out that an indirect relationship may exist between physical characteristics and crime. (KQED) Kinescope.
Tells the story of the deserted city of Columbia, California, one of the key Gold Rush towns in the 1850's. Describes the life and profession of people who went there seeking gold. Shows the old buildings and objects the people used at that time.
Uses slides, the microscope, and graphic illustrations to explain plant and animal cells. Discusses the basic content and structure of cells. Shows how cells differentiate and function as members of larger units--tissues and organs. Illustrates growth by cell division and introduces the concept of meiosis. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Watch a searchlight as it pierces heavy night clouds. Notice that you don’t see the beam of light, merely where it comes from: the face of the searchlight, reflections from the clouds or duct blocking the beam. In other words, the light beam itself is invisible. Beginning with a similar demonstration, Edwin C. Kemble shows the difficulty science has had in providing a wholly satisfactory theory of light. He uses a stroboscopically lighted tank to illustrate wave theory and high-voltage discharges to suggest the violence necessary to generate radiant energy with short wavelengths. The violent damage done by X-rays, gamma rays and ultra violet radiation leads Kemble to the corpuscular explanation of light. By an examination of cloud-chamber photographs, visibly recording action in the unseen world of atomic particles, Kemble reconciles the two theories. The yield of this revolutionary work is dramatic: no less than the discovery of a universal property of all forms of existence.
Discusses the power and limitations of symbols, especially words. Describes the significance of the communications network in which humans live. Defines words as "maps" giving directions to "territories" of human experience. Stresses the point that words can be manipulated independently of the experiences they represent. Explains other pitfalls of communication related to word usage.
Perhaps the original need for masks was for man to be able to disengage himself from his everyday life. He used them to symbolize that he was not “himself.” He was another being, human or superhuman, or even an abstract quality. He was able to satisfy two needs through the use of masks – the need for religion and the need for diversion. Miss Leadbeater and Shari Lewis concentrate on masks used for diversion and their counterparts in the modern United States – at Halloween and Mardi Gras.
In this program, criminologist Joseph D. Lohman describes maximum security as the single most important characteristic of the American prison. He relates the consequences of excess security on inmates. Filmed scenes provide the setting of maximum security and an inmate describes the routine in such institutions. Lohman and Alexander discuss the need for diversity in staff and security which would alleviate many of the pitfalls of an inflexible system.
Presents an analysis of two potentially dangerous stages of psychosexual development. Uses filmed sequences to point out influences which result in fixations at these two stages. Projects their effects upon crime emphasizing the development of the psychopath and sociopath. (KQED) Kinescope.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the scientific method and how it is used. Points out that science is based on observable facts. Illustrates how complete reliance on the physical senses can be deceiving. Explains the development and use of instruments to measure impressions and quantities man cannot see, hear, or feel. (KQED) film.
Once man had created the articles he needed for survival and comfort, he launched himself on a campaign to make himself more attractive physically. It is conceivable that, in his vanity, he turned his hand to beautifying himself even before considering some of his more fundamental needs. With Miss Brynner, Shari Lewis examines some ornaments created from materials at hand which help satisfy man’s universal desire to be attractive.
Bash’s story begins when the only way letters were delivered was in a sack of mail throw on the corner table of a coffee house, to be picked up, perhaps, by the owner or his friend. Early envelopes, quill pens, sealing wax are shown, and then the first rides of the Post Riders, through difficult forest paths are described. The developments in various of the colonies add stories of letters passing from plantation to plantation, and of sheriffs empowered to commandeer horses and riders to deliver official papers. Then came the first paid postmaster, whose job it was to receive mail and see that it got to the proper addresses. Stagecoach delivery of mail ends the program, with a model of the famous Wells Fargo coach, and mention of the Pony Express. Songs include “Green & Yellow Basket,” “Cotton Eye’d Joe” and “Yankee Doodle.”
In this program, criminologist Joseph D. Lohman outlines the extent of inmate unemployment and describes the work opportunities needed. Filmed scenes illustrate some of this work and a prison inmate describes his employment experiences. Alexander and Lohman indicate ways in which lack of work and “make work,” active idleness contribute to the maladjustment of inmates. They discuss the results of an increase in constructive prison employment.
In this program, the clandestine system of communication and standards operating in many penal institutions is examined, and illustrated with film clips of inmates passing information to each other without the administration’s knowledge. One inmate describes how the prisoners’ credo is established and maintained. Lohman and Gagnon discuss the “Grapevine,” the verbal contact of prisoners, and explain “kangaroo court,” used by the prisoners to maintain “law and order,” as they see it. Lohman points out that these things must be recognized as existing if administrators are to operate efficiently.
In this program, criminologist Joseph D. Lohman contrasts the public’s attitude and desires for penal institutions with the current knowledge of the social sciences. With Kenyon Scudder, he explains the facts which would disprove existing myths, such as “The way to deal with prisoners is to treat them rough” and “Anybody can run a prison.” Film clips illustrate the unreasonable penal practices that are a product of these myths. An Interviewed prisoner brings out his experiences under such systems.
Explains how an understanding of pure science can lead to applied science. Demonstrates this relationship by reviewing a theory of heath and how it led to a number of inventions: smokeless fireplaces, new types of stoves, pressure cookers, and drip-style coffee pots. Features Dr. Sanborn C. Brown, Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Modern reptiles have body structures and characteristics much like their giant ancestors of long ago. This will be an introduction to the contemporary reptiles, the ones living now which we can watch and observe and study. On this program, Meyer Bornstein, who is studying biology at Northeastern University, will introduce through living examples the four kinds of reptiles; alligators, lizard, snakes and turtles. He will tell you about their habits, and show you how he cares for and learns from reptiles as pets.
Uses charts, pictures, and specimens to explain how the geologist discovers what lies beneath the earth's surface. Shows how earthquakes provide information about the interior construction of the earth. Tells how examination of effects at the surface of the earth provides a picture of what lies below. Demonstrates and discusses the instruments used to provide knowledge upon which the geologist can theorize. Features Dr. Kirtley F. Mather, Professor of Geology, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Early use of rivers is described, form the Indian canoe of hollowed log to the flatboats and keelboats of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Bash tells of the importance of water transportation, of families building flatboats and traveling down the currents with even their cows and chickens aboard, and she shows the ways the keelboats were propelled upstream by sweeps and by men with tow ropes walking along the banks. Cargoes of wheat, corn, animal skins and log rafts are related in their importance to the lives of the people. Songs include “Sewanee River,” “Shenandoah,” and “Old Woman.”
The interesting development of roads, from a path through the forest which a horse could scarcely travel, on through the building of the roads which led westward, and which were used by the huge Conestoga Wagons for hauling freight. A model of the Conestoga Wagon is shown, and models of the various kings of roads, those made of logs, those of boards, and later the McAdam Road. The building of the Cumberland Road is described, and the life which centered around those who used the roads depicted. The early toll road is mentioned, and a tie-in made with the Turnpike of today. Song material includes, “Goin’ Down the Road Feelin’ Bad,” “On Top of Old Smoky,” and “Low-Backed Car.”
Bash describes the three ways there were to get to California when the nation was excited about the gold found there, 1848-49. The use of the covered wagon, and “Prairie Schooner” is described, including information that it was shaped as it was so it could float across the rivers that had to be crossed. The route of taking a ship to Panama, then crossing the swampy Isthmus on foot is described, and then the third way, that of taking the long and dangerous trip by ship all the way around Cape Horn. Maps and authentic pictures illustrate the material, and a model of the record breaking Clipper Ship, “The Flying Cloud” is shown. Songs include “She’ll Be Comin’ Round the Mountain,” “Let the Rest of the World Go By,” and “Sacramento.”
Bash describes the rugged life aboard an early day sailing vessel … the various chores of the crews, and the romance of sailing to faraway ports in search of cargoes. On film, Bash goes aboard the ship Blaclutha, showing the rigging, the tall masts, how the sailors climbed to the yardarms, and how they paced around the capstan, to pull up the heavy anchor chain. She visits the crew’s quarters, and demonstrates the various kinds of “scrimshaw,” the sailors’ handiwork of carving whalebone, knotting ropes for decoration, and making model ships.
Explains the difference between scientific and non-scientific endeavor. Examines various areas such as flying saucers, astrology, and weather predictions to point out how these problems are approached from a scientific and non-scientific point of view. Features Dr. Harlow Shapley, Professor of Astronomy, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Explains the role of whole numbers in understanding the organization of the physical universe. Uses non-mathematical props, such as rock crystals, to point up the arithmetic nature of basic discoveries in science. Tells how whole numbers limit the knowable universe around us. Features Dr. Philippe LeCorbeiller, Professor of Applied Physics, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
The movement of traveling farmers, who follow the crops around the country, picking them as they ripen at different times in various areas is described in this program. The beginnings of the seasonal worker, when the land for farming for one’s self became difficult to find, start the story. It carries on through the possibility of following various crops all over the country, moving from one to another as they ripen. The ripening of cotton, apples, onions, tomatoes, strawberries and various others are shown on a large map, and the travels of the seasonal worker depicted on an animated visual. Songs include, “Chilly Winds,” “He’s Gone Away,” and “The Big Rock Candy Mountain.”
Discusses the serious problem of sex and crime and explains three categories: offense motivated by sexual desire, profit from sex, and sex deviation. Contrasts the American and British attitude toward this problem. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
In this program, host Lohman examines the development of large prisons and the treatment of inmates in this type of institution. Film clips illustrate the masses of inmates confined and a prisoner tells of his life in such an institution. Wilkinson and Lohman discuss administrative problems occurring in the management of such large prisons and point out that modern penal thinking indicates a trend toward smaller prisons.
Tells the story of the custom of helping out in the Southwest. Explains how people worked together in building their homes, harvesting crops, and promoting social activities. Discusses the cultivation of sugar cane and making of syrup.
Tells the story of traveling by stagecoach. Explains how stagecoaches were made and used. Uses 19th century pictures and illustrations of early stages and discusses the dangers encountered during their trips. Host Bash Kennett plays guitar and sings the songs "Black Eyed Susie," "Every Night When The Sun Goes In" and "Old Joe Clark."
The importance of Sunday customs in the southern part of the country is described. The activities of the week, the tilling of the fields, the house chores, the sewing and gardening all came to a climax looking forward to Sunday. The families met at church, where the men and women then planned get-togethers for the afternoon. Of course, food was all-important, huge spreads of hams, yams, two-story biscuits, etc. At the meal, a house-raising is discussed, and the custom of helping neighbors to build a house is pictured. Songs include “Way Down Yonder in the Paw Patch,” “I’m Just a Poor Wayfarin’ Stranger,” and “Mr. Banjo.”
Discusses the area of general semantics. Develops the idea that one's language determines the limits of one's world. Illustrates the way in which undifferentiated reactions to words leads to a communications deadlock. (KQED) Film.
Discusses the basic narcotic drugs and their relationship to crime. Includes a filmed sequence of an addict undergoing withdrawal and receiving a shot that assuages him. Points out that crime committed by the drug addict is a secondary effect. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses alcohol as a measurable cause of crime, using filmed sequences and dramatic episodes to show how alcohol breaks down inhibitions, provides a sense of false security, and impairs judgment. Points up the relationship between alcohol and traffic accidents. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
In this series, Dr. Henry Lee Smith, Jr., Professor of Linguistics and English at the University of Buffalo, presents an introduction to linguistics covering the nature of language, its structure and development.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., analyzes the English writing system and traces the origin, development and spread of the alphabet. He spends a short time discussing other important writing systems, including Sanskrit, Chinese, and Arabic, and discusses the significance of hieroglyphics in the development of written language.
Discusses the relationship of body type to personality and criminality. Examines the characteristics of the ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph. Compares the historical analyses of body physic with current theories. Relates characteristics of introversion and extroversion to criminal tendencies. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses the relationship of heredity to criminality. Points out common misconceptions concerning physical characteristics as a cause or recognizable symbol of crime. Explains the fallacies in Lombroso's theories of criminality. Stresses the need for education in the area of genetic inheritance as related to criminal tendencies. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
The importance of men who have learned to work with wood is Bash’s theme in this program. She tells of early settlers who had to do their own building and carving with crude tools. Through film, she then introduces a modern carpenter who demonstrates the use of a collection of historic tools, including one which was used to make wagon spokes. Songs include “Polly Put the Kettle On” and “Ham and Eggs.”
In this program, the history, role and current status of county jails is explored. An interview with a Cook County Jail inmate brings out the prisoner’s experience there and in similar jails. The county jail facilities are explored. Mattick and Lohman discuss the county jail population and emphasize the idea that the criminal education process occurring in jails often leads the minor offender on to a path of further crime. This system’s effects on the community-at-large and indicated improvements are described.
Defines crime and the criminal. Explains how time, place, and culture influence what constitutes a crime. Reviews the history of criminal law. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
Discusses the need for a constructive program for criminal rehabilitation. Points out that a true correctional philosophy has not been formulated. Illustrates with a scale model of an ideal correctional system. Stresses the desirability of a program for convict evaluation and subsequent treatment. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses the concept of punishment of criminal behavior and explains the evolution of rehabilitation with emphasis on the criminal rather than the crime. Includes a visit to a cell block in San Quentin Prison where five inmates are interviewed. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
Discusses the relationship of crime to race, national origin, and minority groups. Points out patterns of belief and the misconceptions that exist. Relates living conditions and geographical distribution to crime. Concludes that race is irrelevant to criminality. (KQED) Kinescope.
Bash takes a film expedition to a fish hatchery and shows the pools where fish are raised. She shows close-ups of a giant rainbow trout and goes with the hatchery truck to plant fish in the river. She walks down a stream to watch a boy fishing and then tells of the importance of natural wildlife in the past and today. Songs include “Irene” and “Long, Long Trail."
William Daley and Shari Lewis discuss the capacity of man’s hands and the way hands in many parts of the world today still remain the primary means by which useful and beautiful objects are created to fill people’s needs. Pottery, as created by primitive people of the American continent, is an example of this idea. Several Girl Scouts work with Mr. Daley creating objects from clay, indicating the satisfaction which comes from creative activity. Mr. Daley demonstrates the properties of clay and introduces ways in which is can be useful by untrained hands.
Tells the story of the bicycle as a means of transportation. Demonstrates various early models. Includes the songs "The Old Gray Mare" and "Lonesome Road Blues"/"Going Down the Road Feeling Bad".
Discusses advertising and the way in which it often commits a multitude of semantic crimes. Explains techniques used to bring about automatic reactions to advertisements, and points out that the danger in some advertising lies in the promotion of pathological reactions to words and other symbols. Features Dr. S.I. Hayakawa of San Francisco State College.
Bash takes a film trip to the high mountains and shows the life of trees in the forest. She traces the progression of a seed packed tightly in a cone throughout the growth of a young tree struggling to get sun and sending its roots deep into the soil for water. Bash visits a juniper tree which is over a thousand years old and shows the marks of its struggle for survival. She shows how it adapted to changing conditions when necessary. Songs include “Billy Boy” and “Long, Long Trail.”
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., examines the meaning of "correctness" and the importance of "rules" in grammar. Points out the difference between literary and spoken language. Discusses the four types of stress used in speaking: primary, secondary, tertiary, and weak. Shows how the preceding factors affect the learning of a foreign language.
In this program, an inmate describes fellow prisoners whom he has known and tells of the prisoners’ caste system, based on the inmates’ offenses. Criminologist Joseph D. Lohman discusses the prison community and shows films of the variety of prisoners within it. Mattick introduces statistics, comparing the educational level of inmates with that of the population in general. He also classifies the prison population by offense committed. With Lohman, he shows that the diversity of inmates proves the need for varied institutions to assist them effectively in rehabilitating.