41. The powers of government (27:18)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the powers a government should have and how they should be limited. Identifies two basic problems--the power of men in government and the power of the government itself. Quotes Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton to illustrate opposing views concerning the power of government. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.

42. The forms of government (57:54)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Outlines and explains the various forms of government, pointing out their strengths and weaknesses. Describes government by one man, by a few men, and by the populace, and discusses governments in terms of whether they are working for the common good of the people or self interests. Distinguishes between representative and direct democracy, and points out that extreme democracy is mob rule. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.

43. The parts of life : sleep, work, play, leisure and rest (28:14)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes the nature of work, and discusses work in relation to other life activities. Compares the time spent in labor by the average working man today with that of the pre-industrial man, and illustrates the change in his available free time. States that rest has a religious significance as referred to in the Old Testament and does not mean sleep. (Mortimer-Adler San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.

44. The distinction of work, play and leisure (28:49)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Distinguishes between work and play and work and leisure, and discusses the meaning of chores. Explains that work is that which we have to do for subsistence. Presents a derivation of the word "leisure", and lists some leisure activities. Places leisure between work and play, and points out that there are no distinct dividing lines between leisure and work and leisure and play. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.

45. The making of law (29:52)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Explains the need for law, and discusses the kinds of law which men provide over and above natural or divine law. Compares the various kinds of law with the enforcement necessary to make them binding. Shows how penal codes and civil law define various types of offenses, and describes different law-making authorities. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions). Kinescope.

46. The origin and nature of man (29:04)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses Christian dogma versus the Darwinian theory. Stresses the impact of modern psychology and biology upon man's concept of man. Discusses some sociological and legal distinctions between man and animals. (Palmer Films) Kinescope.

47. Does man differ in kind or degree (27:51)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Continues the discussion of how and in what respects man differs from other animals. Defines what is meant by difference in kind and degree giving the biologist's conception and the philosopher's definition. (Palmer Films) Kinescope.

48. The kinds of work and the dignity of all forms of labor (28:46)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses various types of work, ranging from sheer drudgery to labors of love. Lists several activities, such as dancing, football, carpentry, and music, which are play for some and work for others. States two conditions by which work takes on dignity, and defines the dignity of man and the dignity of labor. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.

49. The justice of law (29:10)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Defines "justice of law," and discusses the relation of natural to just and unjust law. Explains the equality of justice, and illustrates how man-made laws have been evolving toward natural laws. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.

50. The use of philosophy (29:55)

Date:
1957
Summary:
This is the first of a series of four discussions on philosophy. In it, Dr. Adler defines philosophy and discusses the relationship of philosophy to science and religion. He also answers the question whether man needs a philosophy of life and reveals his belief that philosophy is useful and, in fact, is the foundation of all learning.