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Bash begins with the story of the Puritans living in Holland, and their sorrow that their children are not growing up to speak English nor learning English customs. She tells of the elders’ trip to England, at the risk of imprisonment, to make arrangements for two ships to take them away. They plan to pay for them by cutting and shipping timber and furs back to England and sending fish back there. She tells of their voyages and their landing and their struggles with the Indians. Songs include “Lord Randall,” “Cookies and Mussels,” and “Wee Cooper of fife.”
Discusses The Red and the Black by Stendhal. Outlines conditions in France that served as background for this novel and compares it with others that depict revolt against small-town ways. Considers the development of plot and characters and touches on the form and the treatment of ideas in the book. (Syracuse University) Kinescope.
Dora and Fignewton Frog tell the story of Freddie Firefly who uses a string tied onto his finger to remember that he has to get fuel for his lamp. Uses story board illustrations to tell his story.
Discusses the decline of Western Europe's power and influence throughout the world since World War I. Depicts the change in Western Europe's status in international politics. Shows the effect which this decline has had on current problems of foreign relations. Illustrates throughout with film clips.
Introducing the program, host C. Dale Fuller indicates the industrial and scientific revolutions brought to the West increased life expectancy, reduction of disease, rarity of poverty and widespread luxurious leisurely living. The revolution in human expectations is the demand of the people of underdeveloped areas of the world for the same benefits. This program describes the magnitude of the needs of the underdeveloped areas and shows how these often produce violence. It analyzes what is being done about the demands of people in so called backward areas and what might be done. This revolution is one without slogans or armies, but it encompasses four-fifths of the people of the world and its outcome will shape much of humanity's future.
Discusses the revolution that has taken place in the colonial world and the present conflict between the remaining colonial powers of the West and the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa. Points out the major issues involved in this conflict by providing a condensed re-enactment of the UN committee debate on Algeria in 1955. Shows the reaction of the French delegation when the question of Algeria was voted upon in the General Assembly. Concludes by pointing out the problems involved in and methods of coping with the conflict over colonialism. (KRMA-TV) Kinescope.
Cities are growing at an explosive rate; more and more people come to cities to liv, to work, to raise their families where there are the greatest number of opportunities for jobs, education, and recreation. But these thousands of new inhabitants do not only increasethe population of the city; they also magnify the problems that any group of people face when they live together in large numbers. Where to live? How to move about? How to govern themselves and guide the development of the community in which they live? The first program of METROPLEX sets the stage for the others, explaining why people are attracted to the city, and what difficulties they and the community face when they move there. Photographs, film clips, diagrams, and sketches are used to good effect to make the picture clear.
Reviews the principles of sound and its transmission as it applies to rocket propulsion. Using the V-2 rocket motor as an example, the orientation of a typical rocket motor, including the types of materials used for fuels, is explained. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.)
Tells the story of the beaver and its role in the history of America. Explains how the beaver builds dams and creates new environments. Shows a beaver dam with the animals swimming, feeding, and diving. Uses diagrams and models to study a beaver community, the lodge, and their engineering skills. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Describes the influence of organized labor on governments and in the direction of foreign policy. Discusses the work of labor organizations and presents a film that shows the coming of the Industrial Revolution to various world areas. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Mr. Hoffer discusses with Mr. Day the question of what happens when intellectuals gain control of a country. He explains why he believes that Asian and African intellectuals fear America, suggests that a society controlled by intellectuals is not conducive to creative activity, and explains his view that a scribe – a man of words – is a dangerous man when he becomes a man of action. Mr. Hoffer maintains that an intellectual is not at home in a free society.
Examines the construction--theme by theme, movement by movement--of a modern symphony. Like as musical form to a mural, to a complicated building, and to a well-planned public speech. Feature the playing of Hanson's Romantic Symphony, No. 2. (University of Rochester) Film.
Discusses the rondo and explains its construction. Illustrates with compositions played partially or in their entirety. Features the Paganini Quartet, including a brief history of the quartet's Stratavari instruments, all of which belonged to Paganini. Musical selections include Rondino (Kroisler), Turkish Rondo (Mozart), and the finale from both a sonata and a quartet by Beethoven. (USC) Film.
Retraces psychosexual development patterns of personality emphasizing the psychopath and sociopath. Employs a series of vignettes to illustrate lack of affection, parental rivalry, sibling rivalry, overprotection and other child development influences with respect to criminality. (KQED) Kinescope.
Revolution/Reviews the development of Communism in Russia during the 20th century. Introduces the concept that Communism has two faces: one seen by the people of the United States and other advanced nations of the West, the second viewed by the underprivileged people of the world. Uses documentary film footage to show actual scenes of the Communist revolution; the rise of Lenin and Stalin; the effects of World War II; and the industrial, agricultural, and scientific changes in Russia. Summarizes the spread of Communism after World War II, and the outbreaks of violence in Poland, Berlin, and Hungary. Concludes with a brief statement concerning the best method of combating Communism's ongoing rise.
In this program, Temianka explains the meaning and origin of the word, “scherzo,” which refers to a sprightly, humorous instrumental composition or movement commonly used in quick triple measure. Illustrative compositions are selected for Mozart, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Dvorak and Schumann.
Surveys the special problems of space medicine. Describes the physical characteristics of the upper atmosphere. Covers such areas as vanishing oxygen and atmosphere, ultraviolet and cosmic radiation, heat and friction, meteors, contrasts of light and darkness, and the type of sealed cabin being developed for space flight. (KUHT) Film.
Shows geographical features and physical characteristics of the seashore, and its more common inhabitants. Uses film clips and still photographs to explain the tidal cycle. Discusses the problems of survival faced by marine animals. Presents live specimens and filmed sequences of common seashore animals including sea anemones, starfish, snails, barnacles, and crabs. (KCTS) Kinescope.
Discusses jealousy between siblings, how to help an older child adjust to having a sibling and if jealousy is inevitable. Dr. Maria Piers answers these questions during the program.
Trees grow from seeds; some deciduous trees grow very slowly. Dora Velleman and Fignewton Frog use the peep-show parade to tell the story of an impatient young seedling who learns that there are compensations to growing up slowly.
Contrasts the attitudes toward love developed by the lyrics of popular songs and the blues. Uses the concept of the idealization-frustration-despair disease to illustrate the orientation of the lyrics of most popular songs. Shows that the blues present a more realistic rather than magical treatment of love. Questions whether popular songs make attainment of emotional maturity more difficult. Featured guest is Clancy Hayes, jazz singer.
Evaluates the significance of the "sense of tragedy" in making a measure of a man. Analyzes the pleasure man derives from the tragedy of a fellow creature in literature or drama. Presents writings and documents from real life to inquire into the elements that make tragedy. (KQED) Film.
Bash takes a trip to the mountains to watch a man make shakes for roofs, in the same manner that shakes were made when the first house were settled. The method hasn’t changed, except for the use of power saws instead of chopping with an axe. The skakemaker fells an 85-foot sugarpine tree, then with wedges and saws, reduces it to shakes for roofing homes. He demonstrates how he uses the same tools which have been in use for hundreds of years, and how carefully he measures and splits the shakes to make even roofs. Songs include “Hush Little Baby” and “Knick Knack.”
Tells and illustrates the Japanese legend of a beautiful princess and the part she plays in making Mt. Fuji a volcano. Demonstrates the brush painting techniques used to paint Mt. Fuji.
discusses the analysis, tabulation, and charting of music. Proposes six categories and undertakes to show that nearly all music fits into this pattern. Uses numerous illustrative musical selections. (University of Rochester) Film.
Discusses and explains the size and arrangement of the universe. Defines and illustrates light minutes, light hours, and light years. Uses photography to chart the universe of galaxies and plot the size of the universe. Features Dr. Bart J. Bok, Professor od Astronomy, National University of Australia. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Discusses the national party convention as a nominating device. Considers control of the convention, the convention as a "sane" method for choosing candidates, and the nomination of the vice-presidential candidates. (KETC) Kinescope.
Discusses the five smallest planets of the solar system, describing their appearance, position, motions and physical properties. Illustrates with models, diagrams, charts, and photographs. Features James S. Pickering of the American Museum & Hayden Planetarium.
Discusses the origin and development of the sonata form and explains its construction. Includes musical illustrations by Schumann, Haydn, Schubert, and Franck.
discusses the movements which comprise the whole sonata. Explains the sonata as : (1) an instrumental form; (2) variable in length; (3) comprising either three or four distinct movements, related tonally but contrasting in tempo and internal structure; and (4) having at least one movement in sonata form. Illustrates the character-sequence of the movements of a four-movement sonata. (WMSB-TV) Kinescope.
Defines and discusses "song-form" in music. Illustrative works include B Major Sonatina (Schubert), Norwegian Dance (Grieg), Sonata in D Major (Brahms), and Trio (Beethoven). (USC) Film.
Discusses and demonstrates the Stradivarius violin, the viola, and the cello. Explains the distinguishing features of the Stradivarius instruments being used and presents musical selections featuring each of the instruments in turn. Music includes: Beethoven, Serenade from Trio, Paganini, Caprice; Dohnanyi, Serenade from Trio; and Bach, Bourree from C Major Suite. (Arts and Audiences, Inc.) Film.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., explains how linguists analyze and classify significant sounds of language. He discusses phonetics and phonemics, the science of speech sounds and the study of varying distinctive sounds which distinguish the words and phrases of a language.
Dr. Gould briefly reviews the history of South Pole explorations prior to IGY and Mr. Benson explains the seasonal differences between the North and South Poles and the scientific reason for the six-month-long day and night phenomena. Together, Dr. Gould and Benson describe the building and supplying of the South Pole Stations and Dr. Gould explains the significance of the film of the South Pole Dedication Ceremony which he conducted in Antarctica in January 1957. Dr. Paul Siple (seen on film taken at the base) describes the actual operation of the South Pole Station and it various scientific explorations. In conclusion, Benson and Dr. Gould discuss the living conditions and the general reactions to the accomplishments of the South Pole Base.
Reviews early sixteenth century efforts to cross or circumvent the American land masses. Reveals the change in attitude towards the Americas after the exploits of Cortes and Pizarro among the Aztecs and Incas. Discusses later Spanish attempts to find "another Mexico" and their plans to hold both continents for themselves. (KETC) Kinescope.
Traces the movements of the Spanish in the Americas. Stresses their efforts to find "another Mexico" after Cortez had conquered the Aztec empire. Explains the role of such men as Cabeza de Vaca, Coronado, and De Soto in these later movements. (KETC) Kinescope.
Explains that a major problem of jet propulsion is increasing the speed of the expanding gas in the jet engine. Shows how the speed is increased by the addition of heat, more gas,and heavier molecules. Points out that there is no limit tot he speed that gas will move through the end of propulsion chambers if a material can be obtained that will stand the increased temperature. (New Mexico College of A.& M.A.)
In this program Bash describes how the Indians in our country learned to tan the hides of deer and buffalo into soft wearable skins, and how, later, the white settlers adapted their methods, using bark, ashes and knives to produce very serviceable leather. From here Bash shows the process in a modern factory and traces the many uses of leather. Songs include “Bye Baby Bunting,” “The Fox,” and “The Tailor and the Mouse.
Girls have skipping ropes, and boys use ropes to swing on, but they seldom know the story of the importance of rope, says Bash in this program. Bash takes children through the story from the early twisting of plants and vines into lengths, to the modern heavy duty ropes made from Abaca and hemp. She shows pictures of cutting and harvesting the Abaca plant in the Philippines Islands and tours a modern rope factory. She describes the famous rope walk of early rope makers, and the uses of rope by fishermen, sailors, farmers and construction workers. Songs include “Foggy Dew” and “Old Paint.”
Despite its microscopic size, a cell may contain several thousand highly complex chemicals. Nonetheless, molecules of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and nucleic acids consistently form part of the structure of living cells. These combine in various ways to make the cells which cause a tree to grow, an eye to see, or the brain to think. In this program, each kind of cell is analyzed through a combination of lecture and chemical demonstrations, together with a use of the models developed and used by Dr. Linus Pauling to study cellular structure.
Plants need sunlight, and this story tells what happened when sunbeam lost interest in his work. Dora Velleman tells the story and Fignewton Frog helps illustrate it at the felt boards.
The controlling body of the solar system is the Sun – an average star and the only star whose surface we can see. James S. Pickering, in this program, treats the Sun as a star, studying its surface and composition and the manner in which its energy is produced.
Discusses the influence of the sun upon space travel. Describes how over ninety per cent of interplanetary travel will be made in the sun's gravitational field and only small portions of each journey will be close enough to planets for their gravitation to predominate. Shows solar prominences and flares, and discusses their influence on us. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.)
Fignewton Frog (puppet) and Dora (person) tell the story of "The Surpise Party" using felt cut-outs. In the story, flowers host a surprise party where they and all of their guests (others flowers and plants) will be surprised by having a family picture taken, as they are all related. Teaches flower and plant names. Dora and Fignewton recommend flower books that can be found at the library.
Tells the Japanese legend about a cedar tree which stands in front of the temple in Nara, Japan. The tree is said to be the spot where an old and grieving mother found her grow son who had been carried away by a hawk while he was still an infant. Illustrates the story using Japanese brush painting techniques. Shows how to paint a hawk.
Discusses three major aspects of expression in the fine arts: medium, subject, and form. Studies these aspects of theater as a fine art. Compares theater art with other art forms. Presents specialists in art, music, and theater. (KUON-TV) Film.
Presents the story of the rise of totalitarianism and the failure of the democracies to produce effective answers to world problems. Discusses the American attitudes towards Fascism, Nazism, and Communism. Appraises the validity of these attitudes. (KETC) Kinescope.
There was an overwhelming decision in November 1932 to change leadership. Early New Deal legislation sought to accomplish the first two R’s, Relief and Recovery. The later years of the New Deal were pointed toward the third, Reform. An English historian of the modern American scene has offered a sound theme for this part of the story: “One many not agree with the answers which he gave, but one must admit that FDR asked the right questions.”
Describes the child in his second and third years. Stresses importance of play, vocabulary development, the nap and bed-time ritual, and the development of possessiveness and self-assertion. Shows some of the activities of children in this age group. (WQED) Kinescope.
Discusses the training of the men who represent the U.S. overseas. Describes the embassies and the men we have abroad, the history of our diplomatic service, and its present organization and budget. Considers the adequacy of the present program, with suggestions for the future. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Probes, in documentary style, the attempts which are made to solve the problems which have been brought about by the urban population explosion. Cites slum areas, racial unbalance in the schools, and the needs of untrained or illiterate rural immigrants as some of the elements involved. Points out projects in urban renewal and urban rehabilitation, bussing children from one school district to another, and antipoverty programs as attempted solutions.
Defines the characteristics of the psychopathic criminal, using film clips and tape recordings to provide examples of the true criminal. Shows three typical and less violent prototypes: the con man, the bigamist and the youthful car thief. Discusses treatment and prevention of the psychopathic criminal. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
Bash Kennett tells how the Indian boys practiced hunting and stalking the wild turkey and how thy used its feathers to fletch arrows, the spurs to tip them and the meat for feasts. She traces the development of the turkey and visits a modern turkey farm. Songs include “Three Crows” and “Three Ravens Sat on a Tree.”
Discusses the debates in the United States since World War I over the issues of isolation versus involvement in world affairs. Concludes that the U.S. is permanently involved in world affairs but the debate will continue as to the meaning and context of involvement.
Reviews the biomechanical processes presented in the preceding programs. Relates these concepts to the way in which all forms of life are linked and resembles each other. Concludes by offering an answer to the question "How did life begin?"
This program goes into the peculiar problem of weightlessness, which is typical of space flight, when the speed of the vehicle on an elliptical orbit around the earth counteracts the attraction of gravity and the occupants cease to have any weight. Maj. Stallings, who flies a jet plane in weightlessness experiments at the School of Aviation Medicine, explains the technique of performing this maneuver; the only way known to secure the effect of “zero gravity” within the earth’s atmosphere. Dr. Gerathewohl then describes some of the results of the flights on subjects in research which he has carried on at the School for several years.
Introduces the Republican Party record on particular political issues and outlines its stand on such issues as agriculture, foreign policy, civil rights, and natural resources.
Imperialism was in the air as the nineteenth century ran toward its close. The USA proved not to be immune. A new “manifest destiny” took hold of American minds; expansion beyond continental limits had its attractions. The early twentieth century saw the USA taking its part in world affairs as a solid full-grown member of the family of nations.
The V-2 was called the A-4 by the Germans and as such should have been the fourth in the A series of missiles. Actually it was the fifth since the A-5 was predecessor to the V-2. The A-4 incorporated most of the latest rocket knowledge and even extrapolated by increasing the dimensions greatly over any missile that had previously been built. Pumping of propellants and cooling of the motor were two major problems that were solved. Since the collapse of Germany, the V-2 has been used in several novel experiments.
Shows fueling operation, static firing, and the actual firing of the Viking missile. Pictures the recovery of the rocket after it has fallen, and explains that upper air information may be obtained by the study of the parts that are recovered.
The ants are social insects with a fascinating story of division of labor and social organization. Their history of how this social structure developed from very simple beginnings to more complicated systems is interesting too. You’ll find that some ants eat protein food while others are vegetarians, and you’ll discover that the kind of society which ants maintain is related to their food habits. Robert Willey, an entomologist, will demonstrate these things with live colonies of ants. You’ll learn too how to keep an ant colony and what kinds of questions about behavior of ants you might answer by observation. On film, you will see an ant herdsman tending the aphid cows and stoking them to secure their sweet honeydew.
Dr. Wriston and Erwin D. Canham, editor of the Christian Science Monitor, explore the reasons for the President’s Commission on National Goals. They quickly make the point that Americans set their own goals and that the Commission does not intend to impose its conclusions on the public. The report goals for Americans is designed to be a handbook for thoughtful citizens, to focus their attention and discussion on topics of importance, and to give them the facts to reach their own conclusions. Leadership in America, Dr. Wriston and Mr. Canham point out, resides in many places – in the Presidency, in local government, in pressure groups, and in the individual. The goals mentioned in the course of this program are suggestions stemming from current public opinion, and are designed to help Americans give their country a forward direction in the coming years.
This is the tale of the historical Japanese figure, Lord Nobunaga Oda, an impoverished Samurai. The Samurai’s clever wife finds a way to help her husband obtain a beautiful stallion. Mr. Mikami demonstrates the steps involved in drawing a horse.
Dr. Jones, in this program, explains the tremendous expansion of the basic ternary scheme into “sonata-form” and illustrates some of the simpler means of thematic development in sonata and symphonic movements based on this plan. There are, he indicates, no limits to the skillful manipulation of themes in the hands of masters of thematic development like Bach, Beethoven and Brahms.
Discusses and demonstrates theme and variations and traces the development of this musical form. Illustrations include variations of the Vintner's Daughter, and the "Trout-Quintet," played in its entirety by the Paganini Quartet, with piano. (USC) Film.
The skirmishes at Lexington and Concord and even the more determined fighting around Boston were only meant to show the mother country that the colonials were serious in their demand to be treated fairly as Englishmen. But then events moved rapidly. In July, 1776, the die was cast and the challenge thrown in the face of the British. The next years were full of heartbreaks and setbacks. Almost to the end, the outcome of the struggle was in serious doubt. While the war was on, the new nation often found distressing troubles of an internal nature. The independence for which the fight was being waged at times seemed to be anything but that sweet thing glimpsed in the dreams of freedom. But in the end, victory came to the Americans. In 1783 Great Britain officially recognized the United States of North America. The introductory chapters of the American story were concluded. The main chapters were to follow.
Reviews the structure of binary form and begins the discussion of three part or ternary form. Explains the limitations of binary form and how ternary form offers possibilities of greater expansion. Illustrates how ternary form is based on the idea of statement, development, and re-statement. (WMSB-TV) Kinescope.
Dragonflies catch flies and other insects by cupping their feet together under their chin to make a basket. By means of the peep-show parade, Dora and Fignewton Frog tell of Dennis Dragonfly, who sprained three of his feet and found it difficult to catch food for a while.
Discusses the real and imagined fears of children. Tells why children invent imaginary dangers and how to deal with this problem. Also points out how to teach children respect for real danger. Answers questions from mothers and fathers concerning this aspect of child development. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Explores the Oriental concept of time, showing how Eastern philosophy views the future as the tomorrow that never comes. Discusses Western fallacies connected with living for the future, and illustrates how planning for the future is of use only to those who can live fully in the present.
Host Dora and Fignewton Frog tell the story of a "tiny little patch of sky", and use charcoal and chalk illustrations to teach about the weather and the different types of clouds.
Discusses punishment and its consequences. Compares and explains both sides of the spanking issue. Points out alternative means of discipline and shows that children do respect fair punishment. Stresses the importance of observation and imitation in learning right from wrong. Answers questions from parents concerning the child who bites, who won't take a nap, and the problem of consistency in punishment. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Fignewton Frog (puppet) and Dora (person) tell the story of Tommy Turtle, using diaramas. Tommy wants to stay awake for the winter and build a snowman, and ends up getting helped by another hibernating animal, a bear. Dora and Fignewton then recommend library books and a trip to the library.
Explains contrast as opposed to repetition or variation. Defines tonal contrast as modulation or change of tonality and harmonic contrast, or the off-setting of plain harmony by color-harmony. Illustrates with a selection from a Bach cantata. (WMSB-TV) Kinescope.
Again Dr. Jones uses Beethoven’s music as an illustration, explaining the composer’s humorous interplay of major and minor tonalities more fully. He also treats briefly the traditional tonal systems from the time of Wagner to the emergence of new tonal arrangements.
The psychological effects of various tonal patterns are demonstrated in the discussion of this topic. Professor Jones illustrates the varying characters or “atmosphere” of melodies based on scales and modes of different character.
Bash Kennett shows some of the things which fascinated children of other times, taking a trip to see some dolls, stereopticons, books and bicycles of early periods which grandfather may have enjoyed as a boy. Songs include “The Devil’s Nine Questions” and “This A’Way.”
Discusses the importance of the shape of signs; the proper placement of signals and roadway markings; the importance of traffic and pedestrian controls; radar and speed checks; the value and necessity of a traffic engineer; and plans for future traffic control. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Discusses the training of new personnel in the field of nuclear science. Reviews the history of nuclear science and points out the role of the university, industry, and governmental laboratories in providing educational opportunities in this field. Examines the question of pure research as opposed to applied research. (WQED) Film.
In this program, a youthful prisoner relates his experiences in a training school. Following a description by host Lohman of standard roles attributed to these schools, filmed scenes are shown to examine activities designed for younger inmates. Boone and Lohman explore the misconceptions inherent in the term “training school.” They examine the actual function and operation of this type of institution.
Reports on family therapy, a relatively new and unusual form of psychotherapy in which a family is treated as a unit. Examines a middle class New England family undergoing family therapy. Uses a one-way mirror technique to record the candid reactions of the family. Follows their progress in nine of the thirteen actual therapy sessions.
**Part of the Mental Health series within America's crises
Contrasts pulse jets, turbojets, and ramjets to a true rocket. Compares the operation of a true rocket engine with that of a jet engine, and explains the operation of the three types of jet engines showing the advantages and disadvantages of each. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.)
Turtles are reptiles along with snakes, lizards and crocodiles. The turtle has a remarkable history, too. He has been around for 200 million years and is relatively unchanged from his early ancestors. On this program you’ll find out about the turtle’s adaptations for his kind of life, for instance the way he breathes. Animals with lungs usually use their ribs to aid in expansion of the chest for breathing, but since the turtle’s ribs re part of his armor of shell, he cannot do this. What does he do? You find this out along with meeting several species of turtles and learning how to tell the age of these long-lived reptiles. Fifteen-year-old Frank Maurer, of Newton, Mass. is the guest of Mrs. Grimes. He is generally interested in science and especially in turtles, frogs, and snakes which he keeps as pets.
Asks why children like TV so much and debates the effects of TV on children's behavior. Dr. Maria Piers offers answers to these questions and suggests how TV can be of help to a busy mother.
Discusses the binary form of musical composition. Illustrates that the under-lying principle of this form is thesis and antithess. Distinguishes between the balance of phrases in a two-phrase sentence and the balance of parts (sections, paragraphs) in two-part form. Explains the modulatory scheme of the more developed types of binary form, and the means of integrating the whole composition.
Acknowledge as one of the greatest observational astronomers who ever lived, Tycho (TY-ko) Brahe (BRAH-ee) managed to make enormous strides without the help of telescopes. During his lifetime he discovered that comets are the product of interplanetary space rather than of the earth, as had long been believed. His inventions included a number of highly accurate instruments, and among his publications was a most valuable table of refractions. Toward the end of his life, he was joined by Johannes Kepler, who functioned as Brahe’s assistant and, after the great astronomer’s death, continued the work his friend had begun.
Dr. Gould notes that today man’s eyes and mind must be lifted to encompass outer space. Dr. Roberts discusses the earth and the Sun and explains why the year 1957-58 was selected IGY Year. Films of explosions on the Sun are shown and the Aurora is explained. A discussion of the Ionosphere ensues. Drs. Gould and Roberts indicate the scope and importance of the Upper Atmosphere studies of the IGY and the vital role of the Antarctic studies in the total IGY program.
Discusses musical form known as theme and variations in which attention is directed exclusively to the process of varying a simple theme. Illustrates with an example from a Mozart sonata. Points out the various kinds of· elaboration of the theme: (1) melodic embellishment; (2) change of tonality; (3) change of tempo; (4) change of basic meter; and (5) a coda at the end.
Discusses the type of variation form known as passacaglia in ·which the theme is a short pattern in the bass. Repeating this theme over and over again, more or less exactly, provides a ground for the variations above it. Illustrates with Purcell's Lament of Dido and Bach's Passacaglia in C Minor, both played in full.
Explores, through special film footage, what it means to live in a contemporary Japanese village. A housewife describes her life and the customs that surround it. Points out that although the village has been considered the backbone of traditional Japan, a social transformation is slowly and quietly taking place.
Presents an analysis of bacteriophages and how they may change. Explains why bacterial viruses are useful to scientists studying different life forms. Uses diagrams and animation to show how bacteria reproduce within a cell and how mutations of these viruses can be identified. Describes the "copy errors" responsible for mutation, and the ways in which cross-breeding among viruses takes place.
Tells the story of George Rogers Clark and his defeat of the British at Vincennes in 1778. Uses cartoons, maps, and photographs to illustrate conditions, fort locations, and how the British were conquered.
This program deals with water pressure. Uncle Wonder shows the various experiments that water has weight and that water exerts pressure in all directions. He shows why there is more water pressure at the bottom of the lake or can of water than anywhere else. He also explains that dams are thicker at the bottom than at the top because they must hold back more pressure at the bottom.
Discusses folklore connected with crime, pointing out that a slight correlation may exist between criminality and the weather, phase of the moon, fire, darkness, and light. Uses vignettes to show how bad weather and dimly lit areas serve as secondhand causes of crime. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
Many people fear all spiders to such an extent that they have never explored this interesting world of living things. Only a few spiders are harmful to human beings, and the other thousands of kinds are often shunned because of these. Here is a new insight into the spider, a creature with eight eyes, glands to produce several kinds of silk, and instinctual knowledge to build snares so complicated and beautiful that man has to admire their design and efficiency. On beautiful film, taken by Charles Walcott, you’ll see Charlotte, (Aranea cavatics, the barn spider that EB White wrote about in Charlotte’s Web) spin her web and catch prey. Other film sequences will show how a funnel-web spider uses her sheet web, and how a crab spider, camouflaged like a flower, needs no web at all but awaits his victim on a plant.
In this program Uncle Wonder uses a gram scale and weighs the air in a basketball. He also shows that air has weight by balancing two balloons, one at each end of a stick, and breaking one of them, the other naturally falls to the table.
The Lewis and Clark exploration of the unknown territory acquired by the Louisiana Purchase not only revealed the rich resources of the lands adjourning the Missouri River, but also helped to establish American title to the Pacific Northwest.
The problem of co-existence between rival nations is pin-pointed as a student from Israel takes issue with his counterpart from Egypt on the situation in the Middle East. The two appear with students from Iceland and Norway on the panel. The solution of the Israel-Arab problem, according to Per Friis Rusten of Norway, lies in education that will provide the peoples of the world with an international mind and spirit. "That's the hardest part - understanding another point of view, " adds Icelander Miss Gudrun Erlendsdottir.