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Discusses the role of conversation and discussion in the life of learning. Gives the three methods of teaching--indoctrination, lecturing, and questioning. Suggests how adult conversation can serve as the means of learning. (Palmer Films) Film.
Presents the case for television as an instrument for learning, and explains the obstacles that stand in the way of successful educational television programs. Suggests how to watch an educational program if it is to help in learning. (Palmer Films) Films.
Host Lee Wilcox speaks with Dr. Maria Piers about how adults and children can prepare responsibly for children leaving home for camp for the first time, as well as issues about children away from home in general. Features a "Peanuts" cartoon by Charles Schultz.
Describes the folklore connected with crime. Uses vignettes to show the absurdity of such superstitions as handedness, hair coloring, scars, blemishes, deformities, and glandular problems as causes of criminality. Points out that an indirect relationship may exist between physical characteristics and crime. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses international law as an effective force in world affairs. Suggests that international law be backed with an international police force. Features Dr. F. S. C. Northrop, Professor of Philosophy and Law, Yale University, and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.
The turmoil of the first month after Lenin’s description of Kerensky form the basis of this program: the disruption caused by the lack of a trained civil service, the civil war being waged by the Kerensky adherents, the threat of Germany, the workers’ strikes, and so on. Once an armistice was signed with Germany, Lenin and his associates were able to turn their attention to consolidating their position. After the Bolsheviks (henceforth called the Communist Party) had seized the national Assembly and locked the doors to keep the opposing delegates out, Lenin’s positon was firmly established. An interesting sequence involves Mr. Sworakowski’s reminiscences of the events surrounding the armistice. He himself witnessed many of the events of this period, and his account is moving and informative.
States that only a lack of engineers and adequate materials kept the helicopter from being an actuality during da Vinci's lifetime. Pictures this great inventor creating workable plans for the helicopter, the submarine, and hundreds of other "modern" inventions--all backed by scientific data. According to Dr. Posin, Leonardo "was always lured by the subtle, the fleeting, the unknown--this was the artist in him. Yet he searched for exact reasons and causes and logic--this was the scientist."
An interview with Senegalese President Senghor who discusses his poetry, the environment his poems reflect, and his attitude toward the blending of African and Western culture. Selected readings of his works are presented in English.
Discusses the primary system and its effect on the party system. Considers whether or not the primary system destroys party discipline, thus weakening the party, or, conversely does it give more power to the machine? (KETC) Kinescope.
Uses demonstrations to explain how levers work. Illustrates with a seesaw, hammer, and screw driver. Shows how levers make the lifting of heavy objects easier. (WCET) Kinescope.
Defines in detail the word "insurance" and discusses the various types of insurance-liability, comprehensive, collision, etc. Explains the correct procedure to follow when reporting an accident. Gives information concerning various rates of insurance premiums, financial responsibility laws, and sample cases. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Discusses the party records regarding individual freedom promised by the first amendment in the Bill of rights. Reviews the two parties' defense of these rights, especially in times when national security is threatened, and discusses the question of civil rights. (KETC) Kinescope.
Describes the polygraph or lie detector. Actual tests are made with graduate students posing as subjects. Some of the uses of the device in criminal detection, industrial and security work are explained. (Hofstra College & WPIX) Kinescope.
Tells the story of sailing vessels and life aboard a clipper ship. Describes the various jobs performed by the sailors. Discusses the types of cargoes carried on trips to all parts of the world. (KQED) Kinescope.
Max Lerner and five Brandeis students discuss: what is the most important life goal; what is the criteria by which we measure Americans; is it the values that are held or is it the definitions given to those values that cause the trouble in America today; do people lose their identity in their striving for their life goal; do we ignore the word “freedom” in our search for life goals; are we afraid of freedom; is it possible to have solitude in our civilization; if our goals are unhealthy, with what do we replace them; should there be no forces that pressure personality in our society; what do the words “power,” “success,” “prestige” and “security” really mean; and who should be the one to judge the validity of one’s life goal.
Tells the story of the deserted city of Columbia, California, one of the key Gold Rush towns in the 1850's. Describes the life and profession of people who went there seeking gold. Shows the old buildings and objects the people used at that time.
Discusses the wall paintings found in Egyptian tombs depicting the Egyptian concept of life in the next world. Emphasis is on the tomb of King Rekh-mir-re. (NYU) Kinescope.
Discusses the question of life on other planets. Reviews what is known and speculated about the biological environments on other worlds--especially Mars--and the possibility of finding or establishing life on them. Features Dr. Albert G. Wilson, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica California. (KUHT) Film.
Explores, through underwater photography, the three regions of a coral reef. Explains the relationship of the many forms of life to each other and their environment. Points out the factors, which affect the structure, growth, and survival of coral. Show numerous types of coral including the rose, fan, chenile, star, lettuce, brain, hat, and others. Concludes with sequences of the many kinds of fish which inhabit the coral reef.
The tension between Arabs and Jews in the Middle East is expressed in very personal terms as delegates from Israel, Jordan and Lebanon discuss how the political situation affects their own lives. The young delegate from Israel explains that even the women and girls in her country must know how to handle a gun in case of a full-scale outbreak of hostility between the one and a half million Jews and forty-five million Arabs. However, the unrehearsed discussion also brings out the many problems which Israel and the Arab countries must face in common such as illiteracy, low standards of living and lack of water. The young people express fear of another devastating war arising out of the still tense situation.
Uses slides, the microscope, and graphic illustrations to explain plant and animal cells. Discusses the basic content and structure of cells. Shows how cells differentiate and function as members of larger units--tissues and organs. Illustrates growth by cell division and introduces the concept of meiosis. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Explains the principles of lift. Uses the smoke tunnel to demonstrate the methods developed to produce wings with high lift capacity. Discusses stalling and how it is prevented. (State University of Iowa) Kinescope.
Uses demonstrations to explain principles of light. Shows why there is daylight and darkness. Discusses speed and reflection of light. (WCET) Kinescope.
Shows how manufacturing develops according to the availability of natural resources. Explains how our rich supplies of coal, gas, electricity, and metals, as well as our favorable climate and adequate transportation system, all have enabled our country to build a manufacturing industry which produces one-half of all manufactured goods in the world.
Watch a searchlight as it pierces heavy night clouds. Notice that you don’t see the beam of light, merely where it comes from: the face of the searchlight, reflections from the clouds or duct blocking the beam. In other words, the light beam itself is invisible. Beginning with a similar demonstration, Edwin C. Kemble shows the difficulty science has had in providing a wholly satisfactory theory of light. He uses a stroboscopically lighted tank to illustrate wave theory and high-voltage discharges to suggest the violence necessary to generate radiant energy with short wavelengths. The violent damage done by X-rays, gamma rays and ultra violet radiation leads Kemble to the corpuscular explanation of light. By an examination of cloud-chamber photographs, visibly recording action in the unseen world of atomic particles, Kemble reconciles the two theories. The yield of this revolutionary work is dramatic: no less than the discovery of a universal property of all forms of existence.
Explains lighting and its characteristics. Tells why lightning is first seen then followed by thunder. Demonstrates how lightning produces sound waves. (WCET) Kinescope.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., discusses the use of the linguistic approach as a means of improving reading ability. Analyzes the deficiencies and strong points of the phonics and word methods of teaching reading. Explains the purpose and nature of reading. Shows examples of patterning in the English spelling system. Suggests a remedy to the reading problem using language structure as a basis.
Continues the discussion of liquid air by explaining its physical and chemical properties. Points out the density and boiling point of the components of liquid air. Illustrates the effect of liquid air on lead and mercury. Demonstrates that liquid air is a rich source of oxygen. (KQED) Film.
Hand puppets make this a lively story for the children. Tom Tichenor has written a new version with the violence deleted. Little Red Riding Hood is a cute little bunny, and when she goes through the woods to her grandmother's house she meets the wolf. When he learns where Red Riding Hood is going he tells her a "short cut" and then runs ahead to the grandmother's house. There, he hides grandmother, dresses in her clothes and gets into bed to wait for Red Riding Hood. Red Riding Hood discovers the trick as grandmother frees herself and they kill the wolf and sit down to enjoy wolf stew.
This program deals with protective devices for flyers in space. As background, Col. Sweeney demonstrates the Air Force partial pressure suit, designed for emergency escape from a damaged craft, and discusses the effects of “explosive decompression,” the sudden loss of cabin air pressure when a projectile or a meteor punctures the wall of the ship. Mr. Ehricke then presents one of his designs for a three-stage rocket vehicle, in which the final stage is a satellite glider capable of returning to the earth with its passengers. He discusses particularly the special features of the five-man cabin unit, a sealed compartment carrying its own atmosphere and incorporating the essential principles of the Sealed Space Cabin developed by the School of Aviation Medicine.
Teaches how to draw lobsters and crabs. Draws a special crab called a "Heike" which is found only in Japan. Tells a legend about how this unusual crustacean came into being. (KQED) Kinescope.
Dr. Gould describes the magnitude of the logistics problem facing scientists planning the scientific efforts during the IGY. With the use of film he describes the entire operation from the assembling of stores in the US to the problems facing the Task Force when the Continent was sighted. He describes in detail the film depicting the construction of bases by US Seabees, the building of the only landing strip in Antarctica at McMurdo Sound and praises the work of the Services which provided supplies, transportation, housing and general support personnel for IGY scientists working at each of America’s bases.
Visits the Brookfield Zoo to choose relatives among the animals there. Points out the characteristics that determine relationships among different animals. Shows that looks do not always count in discovering animal relatives. Uses film clips of the elephants, prairie dogs, sloth, ant-eater, slow loris, armadillo, and the aardvark.
An interview with musician Louis Armstrong about his career, starting with his boyhood in New Orleans through becoming an internationally known figure. With Robert McCully and Adam Lynch.
Three young foreign students--one from Sweden, one from Venezuela, one from Belgium--talk to Louis Armstrong about what he has done as a musical ambassador. Mr. Armstrong tells them about experiences he had in their home countries when he performed there--about how how he met a Belgian diplomat who came to this country on a matter of state, but arrived early to spend some time with Satchmo, about a young Swedish girl who sang with his band and subsequently became a star, about a threatened bombing of an auditorium where he was scheduled to play in Venezuela which never took place, because when he arrived the people were more interested in music than in munitions. But more than anecdotes, he tells how he found people all over the world who were united, in spite of their differences, by their interest in music.
Mr. Armstrong is joined by Robert McCully, writer and public relations expert, Adam Lynch, news and classical music broadcaster, and Benny Benack, a musician who has concentrated on Dixieland jazz and a trumpeter who looks up to Louis Armstrong as his great hero. In this program Mr. Armstrong describes a New Orleans musical funeral and the impulses that give rise to it, the music it creates, and the way it is carried out. Speaking about emotion and music, he remarks that a good musical performance has as its base a great sympathy and feeling for the music. He talks about his love for any good music--jazz, classical or popular--and about the future of jazz and of young people who like music.
The final program of the series presents Mr. Armstrong, Benny Benack, a musician who has concentrated on Dixieland jazz, and Professor Frederick Dorian, a classical musicologist from the Carnegie Institute of Technology. Dr. Dorian was Mr. Benack's professor at Carnegie Tech, and has joined his former pupil to learn about jazz and what a great jazz musician thinks of classical music. Dr. Dorian, who is not very well acquainted with jazz, asks Mr. Armstrong what the elements are of good jazz, and it is this definition which occupies the major part of the program.
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Interviews objectivist poet Louis Zukofsky as to the form and philosophy underlying his poetry, the circumstances under which his first poem was published, and several unique aspects of his poetry. Points out that while Zukofsky is not widely known, his poems and writings about poetry have had an important influence on his own and later generations. Includes readings of several of his works, such as "The," "Section Nine of 'A'," and "Bottom on Shakespeare."
Tells the story of the Louisiana Territory and its significance to United States history. Explains how and why this land changed ownership between France and Spain until purchased by Thomas Jefferson in 1803. Also discusses French architecture of this early period in what became Missouri.
Discusses fraternal love, and differentiates it from sexual love. Explains Aristotle's idea of human association based on utility, pleasure, and excellence. Distinguishes between justice and love, and depicts a society based on love and friendship rather than justice. (Palmer Films) Film.
Dr. John W. Dodds explores the various approaches writers have taken toward the theme of love. Includes readings from the love poetry of Shakespeare, Marlowe, Raleigh, Donne, Suckling, Burns, Bridges, Browning, and others. (KQED) Kinescope.
Dr. John W. Dodds continues the exploration of the theme of love as treated in literature. Includes readings from Shakespeare's plays and the poems of Matthew Arnold, Tennyson, and Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. (KQED) Kinescope.
Discusses the development of strong attachments on the part of boys and girls to the parent of the opposite sex during the ages of two to five years. Explains why romantic feelings start early in the young child and how parents should react to loves and hates during this period of child growth. Answers questions from mothers and fathers concerning various problems which arise because of the strong likes and dislikes of children toward their parents. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Presents one view of loyalty and its importance in the measure of a man. Considers martyrdom, the relationship of loyalty to prejudice, and loyalty as self-protection. Questions which loyalties are the most important. Suggests an answer, but leaves the ultimate solution open for further consideration. (KQED) Film.
Host Lee Wilcox speaks with Dr. Maria Piers about how adults can responsibly teach children about the difference between lies and the truth. Features a "Peanuts" comic by Charles Schultz.
The task of today’s mathematicians and computers is to keep abreast of the fast-moving world of nuclear research where yesterday’s successful experiments can be outdated tomorrow. To record the progress being made in this complex field, television camera crews went to the Atomic Energy Commission’s Argonne National Laboratory where in the Mathematics Division men and machines are working daily to process the avalanche of data, the results of thousands experiments that are performed each year at Argonne. In this program, “Machines that think” cameras focus on the latest computers which in a matter of minutes can analyze and solve problems that would take a team of mathematicians a life time to work out. The program reports on computers that have such names as Chloe, Phylis, Engine No.2, and Analog. Chloe is a computer capable of transforming picture patterns, such as chromosome alignments, into numbers, the meaningful language of computers. In the study of radiation effects on chromosomes, for example, Chloe can come up with faster and more accurate answers than human observers. Chloe’s information, in turn, can be fed to other computers which can interpret the findings and “tell” the experimented the results he’s getting while the experiment is still in progress. Still other computers are capable of making adjustments, again while the experiment is in progress, while others can make “decisions,” such as interrupting the function of a main computer to “ask” a question about the experiment. There are other new computers which can tell scientists whether or not their design in experimental models, such as rockets or reactors, will work –even before the machine is built. This is accomplished by feeding the computers mathematical models of the proposed rocket or reactor and asking the computer to test them. Their answers can save scientists years in experimenting by trial and error and millions of dollars necessary to build experimental models.
Explains why careful car maintenance is necessary and the proper way to keep your car in safe driving condition. Discusses the value of the owner's manual, inspection laws, car thefts, warranties, and maintenance economics. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Tonality, the relationship of tones and chords to the keynotes, is further explored in this program. The mood or musical character as it has been affected by major and minor tonalities in western music from 1600 to 1900 come under study. Beethoven’s expressive use of major-minor interchanges receives emphasis here.
Presents the scientists who participated in the discovery of elements 99, 100, and 101. Demonstrates the techniques, equipment, and chemistry associated with the original isolation of these elements. Presents a detailed example of the methods and equipment used in handling radioactive materials.
Discusses the needs of education, federal aid, teacher and classroom shortages. Points out how individuals should be educated to make more valuable use of leisure time. Features Dr. Clarence Faust, President of the Fund for the Advancement of Education. (KETC) Kinescope.
Presents a contrast of Chinese and Western attitudes with regard to man's place in nature. Discusses differing concepts of freedom, nature, and anxiety. Outlines the premises upon which Taoism and Confucianism are based.
Presents a discussion of the philosophic atmosphere in which scientists are doing their thinking. Questions man's freedom to do anything. Dr. Arthur H. Compton, Professor of Natural Philosophy, Washington University, is interviewed by host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.
Huston Smith interviews Dr. Hocking and Dr. Tillich to discuss with them conceptions of man’s place in the universe. Is man the highest spirit the universe contains? Is the universe hostile, friendly or neutral to man’s deepest aspirations? Is this the best of all possible worlds? What are the responsibility of man as a conscious being in the Universe?
Presents an analysis of man's trust and greatest needs. Points out that man's aspirations and needs are not always one and the same thing. Features an interview between Dr. Erich Fromm and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.
Reviews Eric Hoffer's views on man as a truly free being. Describes check of absolute power and struggle away from the animal in man as prerequisites to freedom. Reveals play as one of the best times for man to receive insight.
Explains how man affects the survival of life in the sea. Discusses traditional and primitive methods of catching marine creatures used by native fishermen of the Bahama Islands. Demonstrates the use of the spear, pole, hook, bully net, hook and handline, trap, and haul net. Shows how the fishermen's skills are based on a knowledge of the relationship between living creatures and their environment. Emphasizes the value of skill and knowledge of the Bahamian fisherman compensating for the lack of modern fishing equipment.
Emphasizes that without traffic laws our street and highways would be in a state of confusion. Discusses the uniform code covering speed, passing, traffic signals, stops and stops signs, and turning movements.
Discusses the mid-nineteenth century push to the Pacific. Characterizes the period as one of adolescent optimism, cockiness, and self-assurance, idealism, and disregard for other's rights and feelings. Suggests that by reaching the Pacific, Americans had fulfilled their destiny. (KETC) Kinescope.
Visits the odd-toed, hoofed mammals at the Brookfield Zoo. Explains how they have changed from their distant ancestors. Uses filmed sequences of the rhinoceros, zebras, tapirs, and horses.
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Records the history of the late Dr. Martin Luther King's "Poor Peoples March." Shows him conferring with aides, traveling to solicit support, and developing the operational details of the March. Ends documentary earlier than planned because of slaying of Dr. King.
Provides a kaleidoscopic preview of Communist history. Explains the basis for the series and establishes documentary sources. Uses reenactments to show the collaboration on the Communist Manifesto by Marx and Engels, the development of Marxism, and the founding of the First International. Discusses the fallacy in Marx's premise and concludes by introducing Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, later known as Lenin.
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick discusses masks as a form of art expression, how they are made, and their uses. Describes ceremonial festivals, and the theater. Demonstrates the making of the mask in clay, paper mache, and bent cardboard. Explains how various materials such as raffia, paint, and metal are applied to the mask for decoration. Uses models to illustrate the artistic merit and effectiveness of masks.
Many aspects of our popular culture are discussed provocatively by Max Lerner and five Brandeis students: Is the quality of culture higher today than a century ago? What distinction should be made between folk culture and popular culture? Do the people in control of our means of culture purposely keep the levels low? Have the cultural media tried to raise the level? What is the state of the artist today? How does the desire to make money affect the quality of creative work? Will giving the artist
more freedom uplift our cultural standards? Can a popular culture be “creative?” Does low taste have a place in our society?
Discusses and demonstrates matter in its various states: solid, liquid, and gas. Shows how matter is broken up into its smallest components. Explains how energy is obtained from matter. Defines the fission and fusion processes. Concludes with a demonstration of a chain reaction. (WQED) Film.
Discusses and illustrates mature and immature behavior of people, and shows what can be done to promote maturity. Presents people with mature traits in some relationships but immature traits in other situations. Points out that strong motivation, activity, and going out to meet people all promote maturity. (KOMU-TV) Kinescope.
In this program, criminologist Joseph D. Lohman describes maximum security as the single most important characteristic of the American prison. He relates the consequences of excess security on inmates. Filmed scenes provide the setting of maximum security and an inmate describes the routine in such institutions. Lohman and Alexander discuss the need for diversity in staff and security which would alleviate many of the pitfalls of an inflexible system.
Explains how learning is aided by the meaningfulness of the material to be learned. Points out how rhyme, rhythm, and symbolism are aids to learning. Conducts an experiment to show the relationship of meaning to learning. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Discusses natural and artificial means of measuring time and distance. Explains how the three natural divisions of time--day, month, and year--come from the motions of the earth and the moon. Tells how civil time, universal time, and the sidereal time are calculated. Uses charts, diagrams, and photographs to show how distances in space are measured by the speed of light and the magnitude or brightness of the stars. Features James S. Pickering of the American Museum-Hayden Planetarium.
Discusses the necessity of understanding car mechanics for maintenance purposes. Explains the power source, the cooling and electrical systems, lubrication, brakes, exhaust, and power accessories. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Discusses the medical use of the isotope in understanding the chemistry of the body. Explores the advances in medicine made possible through nuclear energy. Explains radioisotopes and radioactive iodine. Demonstrates the cobalt machine at the Allegheny General Hospital in Pittsburgh.
Traces the development of aviation medicine. Discusses the founding of the Department of Space Medicine at the School of Aviation Medicine, U.S. Air Force. Shows the kind of experimental research in high-altitude physiology being performed. Features Major General Otis O. Benson, Jr., Commandant, School of Aviation Medicine, Randolf Air Force Base, Texas. (KUHT) Film.
Introduces the harp, explains how it produces sounds, and reviews its development from early times in Egypt. Explains and demonstrates techniques of playing, of tuning, and of producing special effects. Musical selections include: Salzedo, Fraicheur, La Desirade, Cortige, Chansons Dans la Nuit, and Traipsin' thru Arkansaw; Bach, Arioso; and ravel, Piece en Frome de Habanera. (Arts and Audiences, Inc.) Film.
This program deals chiefly with the work of Gregor Johann Mendel, one of the greatest biologists of recent times. The question to which he devoted himself was this: What order, of any, exists in the transfer of characteristics from parent to child to grandchild? In developing his theory, he studied the reproduction of common green peas, and Dr. Roney shows film clips which reproduce some of Mendel’s early experiments. He explains the terms derived by Mendel to explain biological inheritance. Demonstrations are shown which illustrate factors in reproduction and inheritance, and the program concludes with a summary of Mendel’s contributions to biological sciences.
Discusses intelligence and achievement and the methods of testing intelligence. Points out the necessity for appreciating the difference between intelligence and achievement. Four children help in demonstrating the testing for a particular kind of intelligence. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
Explains how the composer conveys to his audience the emotions, the actions, and the thoughts of the personages in an opera. Shows how particular character "themes" and descriptive settings are worked out so as to express musically the thoughts, emotions, and behavior of the characters. (University of Rochester) Film.
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick discusses the use and adaption of metal as an art form. Explains how new metals have created a challenging material for the sculptor. Demonstrates the use of simple tools in creating different types of metal sculpture from rod, wire, sheet, and mesh. Illustrates with metal sculptures.
Tells the story of making objects from metal. Explains the importance of the craftsmen who shaped iron, tin, pewter, gold, and silver. Describes the work of famous metalworkers. Uses film to show a metal craftsman using techniques of the colonial worker. (KQED) Kinescope.
Examines the role of meteorological research in the Antarctic program of the IGY. Uses charts, maps, and film sequences to show how weather observations are taken, organized, and used. Features Dr. Harry Wexler, chief scientist for the United States--IGY in Antarctica, and Dr. Lawrence M. Gould.
Discusses rhythm as the punctuation in the language of music. Illustrates tempo, pulse, rhythm, meter, and accent with musical selections. Demonstrates and suggests the different emotional responses evoked by them. (University of Rochester) Film.
Describes various staging techniques used in effective ensemble singing. Supplements the discussion with demonstrations showing the importance of synchronization between music, singing, and acting. Stresses the importance of natural movement on the part of the cast in relationship to the music. (WQED) Kinescope.
Scientists discover things either by making plans for experiments and then following them doggedly, or by pursuing the implications of unexpected events or findings. It was in the latter way that Michael Faraday made one of his most important discoveries in the field of electricity. Dr. Posin discusses the men preceding Faraday, who had worked with electricity -- Volta, Benjamin Franklin, the Danish scientist HC Oersted (1777-1851) -- and the discoveries each made. He then turns to the work, and some pictures and models of the apparatus, for which Faraday is best known. In particular, he demonstrates the experiment by which Faraday proved that magnetism can produce electricity. He also performs an experiment with electrically charged fish like the electric eel or the Gymnotus.
Had it not been for the study into the nature of matter itself, the twentieth century probably would be without television, atomic power, and space satellites. This Program looks into a branch of science called particle physics, a study of sub nuclear particles. The experiments are being carried out at the Atomic Energy Commission’s Argonne National Laboratory. This is the story of experiments in a field where the lifespan of one of the subjects can be less than a billionth of a second and where the subject has no mass or shape –terms almost impossible for the layman to visualize yet alone comprehend. One of the particles which scientists know little about is the neutrino, a neutral particle carrying no electrical charge, but which some day may yield the key to the universe. Scientists say the neutrino does not have mass and the only way it can be observed is by collecting trillions of them and forcing them to collide with other particles, and then observing the damage of that collision. To accomplish this collision, a maze of machinery and nearly infinite timing and precision is required. This program reports on some of these experiments and the machinery employed. For these experiments, where the sub nuclear particles are in existence less than a few billionths of a second and are without mass, scientists have invented various detection devices. A sophisticated electron detector can observe and record these collisions in a manner similar to conventional radar which can follow aircraft. Another method which the program illustrates is high-speed photography which is capable of following the collision in the same way vapor trails from a high-altitude jet can be photographed without the camera capturing the plan itself. The ambition of the sub nuclear physicist is to unify all of nature’s phenomena into coherent sets of laws. His eventual goal is to find the answers that are at the core of the universe.
Bash tells the story of the Mighty Mississippi, in calm and in flood, in the early days of the flat boats, keelboats and barges on to the time of the riverboats with steam turning the giant paddle wheels. She tells of the people who live on its bank, of the excitement of the cotton loading and the showboats. Bash sings “The Keelboat Song,” “Nicodemus” and “Lazy River.”
Discusses the use of military force as the major deterrent to war until an international force can be established. Features General John E. Hull, United States Army (retired) and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.
Considers the whys and wherefores of defense spending as related to both foreign policy and domestic economic policy. Discusses the question, "Is there a partisan...Democratic or Republican...answer to the question of defense spending?" (KETC) Kinescope.
Considers immigration to the U.S.A from the post bellum years into the twentieth century. Discusses the areas of origin of the immigrants. Relates how they filled up the frontier and the Middle Border and furnished labor for the expanding industry of the East. (KETC) Kinescope.
Discusses the small objects or debris that travel in and out among the planets in the solar system. Uses diagrams, models, and photographs to show and explain the physical make-up, size, movements, and origin of asteroids, comets, and meteors. Describes the major comets that orbit in the solar system including the visit of Haley's comet in 1910. Tells about the formation of meteors and meteorites and shows examples. Feature James S. Pickering of the American Museum-Hayden Planetarium.
Max Lerner discusses with Brandeis students’ questions concerning minorities and segregation. A few of the topics to be discussed are: is segregations in the South the result of prejudice or the result of social order; is the South’s attitude a rigid “defense mechanism” due to the pressures of the North: is the fear of inter-marriage the greatest deterrent to equality in the South; is there segregation in other minority groups; is there more than one kind of prejudice; and is it possible to hold onto one’s identity as a group and still assimilate culturally?
Discusses some of the more common misconceptions about mental illness. Explains why they are incorrect and what the correct version should be. Features Dr. Charles Feuss, Jr., Superintendant of Longview Hospital in Ohio, and Dr. Harry Lederer and Dr. Harold Hiatt, Professor of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati. [kinescope]
Bash tells the story of Missouri, the settling of towns and the westward trails to Oregon and California via the Santa Fe Trail. She sings “Black-eyed Susie,” “Chisholm Trail,” “Shenandoah” and “Cockles and Mussels.”
Discusses why people make mistakes, and illustrates how these mistakes lead to either learning or quitting. Shows why some people are more disturbed by their mistakes than others. Presents ways of meeting mistakes: trying to prevent them, expecting them to occur and adjusting to the feeling of guilt, and turning to other successes. (KOMU-TV) Kinescope.
Interview-in-depth with Henry A. Wallace. A warning from a leading agriculturalist of the imperative necessity to bring agricultural resources all over the world, and most especially in the under-developed areas, to their maximum production or face a misery in those under-developed areas which could trouble world peace even more than the opposing ideologies of American and Russia. There is a suggestion for a world loan development for small farmers through the co-operation of the wealthy nations.
An interview-in-depth with Barbara Ward. An analysis of the existing economic resources of the world; a pointing up of the great disparity between different parts of the world; and a suggestion for a massive transfer of seed capital from the west to the east in order to bring the world standard of living to an over-all high level.
Presents an actual demonstration of the modeling of a portrait in clay. Explains how a sculptured portrait reflects "likeness" and reveals the character and personality of the sitter. Discusses the problems of working in three dimensions and the creation of the sculptural form and proportion. Features Merrell Gage, sculptor and Professor of Fine Arts, University of Southern California. (USC) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand explains how the results of observation and experiment can be illustrated with models. Demonstrates with models of crystal and molecules. Tells how models help in understanding phenomena and suggest mathematical relationships. Points out popular but defective models and theories. (KQED) Film.
Beginning with a visit to Anchorage, shows the city's modern developments in offices, houses, schools, and factories which best typify modern Alaska. Visits other sources of industry, commerce, education, and culture in Alaska. Points out factors that may slow Alaska's growth.
Dr. Glenn Seaborg and his associates describe the discovery of the four "missing elements," technetium, astatine, francium, and promethium. Emphasizes the role of the cyclotron on the creation of synthetic elements. Dr. Ernest O. Lawrence explains the operation and development of high voltage accelerators from the first eight-inch cyclotron to the mammoth bevatron. Dr. Emilio Segre, a participant in the discovery of the first synthetic element, describes its discovery and demonstrates the technique used by him to identify astatine. (KQED) Film.
Anthony Tudor, the choreographer, and Nora Kay and Hugh Laing, dancers who appear on this program, are figures prominently associated with the new developments in modern dance which began in the 1940’s. Mr. Tudor and Miss Myers describe the changes in subject and mood which accompany this new dance form and the reasons for a retention of the traditional steps and positions in the new dances. The highlight of the program is a recreation of the famous ballet “Pillar of Fire,” starring Nora Kaye and Hugh Laing.