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In this program, criminologist Joseph D. Lohman states that parole is to many people only “a legal escape route” from the prison to the free community and he indicates that a parole system should be much more than this. The release of one inmate and an interview with a former prisoner illustrate the problems experienced on release. Meeker and Lohman explore current statistics and compare the number of prisoners who “go straight” with those who return to a life of crime. They indicate aspects of a parole system that will aid in the former prisoner’s adjustment to conventional society.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., examines the structure, patterning, and classification of words. He explains how the linguist defines a word in terms of base, vowels, and stress patterns, and presents examples using nouns, verbs, and pronouns.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., continues the discussion of grammar and how words are classified. Explains how adjectives, adverbs, and prepositions are identified by structure rather than meaning. Examines the structure of phrases and sentences.
Should babysitters be young or old –teenagers or grandparents? Can grandparents be good babysitters? What do children need from a babysitter? Why do grandparents “spoil” their grandchildren? Mrs. Maria Piers discusses the modern family and some difficulties when “outsiders” come to help.
Hand puppets tell the story of a colony of ants hard at work to store food for winter. Marry Ann Ant and Wilburforce are two young ants who hate to work and when the Grasshopper comes by with his funny musical instruments they want to stop and play. But the Queen Ant asks them to return to work and the Grasshopper goes off to play. Winter comes, and everyone is happy that they worked so hard to store food. The Ants find Mr. Grasshopper half-frozen in the snow and bring him in to get warm. The Queen orders him to work for his food by playing his musical instruments so that they can dance.
This program presents rare film clips of outstanding dancers: Anna Pavlova, Irene and Vernon Castle, and Argentinita, as well as performances by Alexandra Danilova and Frederick Franklin, to illustrate the importance of the dancer as the creator of a dance. Two sets of distinguished dancers perform the same roles from the balled “Le Beau Danube” to show how individual interpretation can vary the effect of the same choreography. Dance critic Walter Terry joins Miss Myers to discuss the importance of an interplay between choreographer and performer.
Discusses Great River by Paul Horgan. Sets forth the scope of the book, analyzes its form, and appraises the strengths and limitations of its author as historian and writer. Stresses the importance of the work with regard to the historical technique used.
Compares the reactions of Americans, the Manus of the Admiralty Islands, and the Kiriwina if the Trobriand Islands when exposed to the crisis of human birth. Uses dance routines and originally scored music to portray cultural differences in the selection of the birth place, the reactions of husband and wife, and the way a child is delivered. (KUHT) Film.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray differences in personal contact between males and females as sanctioned by three societies. Emphasizes differences in opportunity for courtship, the patterns of association that emerge, and how these experiences relate to marriage. Compares Americans, the Bantu of Africa, and the Muria of Central India. (KUHT) Film.
Mr. Lerner and five Brandeis students discuss the following: what is it like to grow up in America; what kind of personality are we shaping; what is happening to the family; what is happening to the parent-child relationship; have the parents forgotten what it is like to be children; are children now being trained for competition rather than for happiness; do parents see children as a second chance; to what degree should there be permissiveness and restrictiveness; and is consistency the answer?
Discusses Guatemalan politics, relations with the U.S., the use of U.S. foreign aid. Describes the country itself and its customs and habits. Shows native clothing and handicrafts. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Examines the recent political and economic developments in Guyana, South America, where a system of cooperatives has been initiated by the government. Explains that after winning independence in 1966, Guyana nationalized the bauxite industry, hoping to make the cooperative the dominant sector of the economy. Includes interviews with Prime Minister Forbes Burnam who describes such repercussions encoutered during the nationalization as alleged equipment sabotage by ALCAN and trade sanctions by its sister company, ALCOA.
Records the poetry and personality of Gwendolyn Brooks and the Chicago environment which provided the sources for most of her materials. Features Miss Brooks reading several of her poems, each accompanied by scenes of the people or locale described. Examines her method of working, the things she finds most pleasant in life, and the thrill of winning the 1950 Pulitzer Prize for poetry.
In this first program, HV Kaltenborn, often called “Dean of American Commentators,” discusses with Mr. Herb Morrison, Pittsburgh newscaster, and Mr. TFX Higgins, executive director of the Foreign Policy Association of Pittsburgh, his early life, his parents, how he met his wife, his early news experience, his days on the staff of the “Brooklyn Eagle,” his education at Harvard University, and his introduction into the field of world commentary.
In this program, HV Kaltenborn, often called “Dean of American Commentators,” and Mrs. Dorothy Daniel, Pittsburgh journalist and broadcaster; Mr. Herb Morrison, Pittsburgh newscaster, and TFX Higgins, executive director of the Foreign Policy Association of Pittsburgh, discuss the early days of radio and how it differs from radio today, and the acceptance and the responsibility of editorializing on radio. Mr. Kaltenborn suggests how a young commentator can prepare himself for a career as a news analyst. With his guests, Mr. Kaltenborn discusses television and the role of educational radio and TV news and the obligations of these media. Mr. Kaltenborn tells of many incidents in his life as a commentator and his interviews with distinguished people. He concludes with an optimistic look at the future of radio and TV in the area of ideas.
Mr. HV Kaltenborn, often called “Dean of American Commentators,” begins this program with a discussion of the United States’ role as an important force in world affairs as it came to be recognized at the time of Theodore Roosevelt. With Mrs. Dorothy Daniel, Pittsburgh journalist and broadcaster, Mr. Herb Morrison, Pittsburgh newscaster, and Mr. TFX Higgins, executive director of the Foreign Policy Association of Pittsburgh, he discusses the League of Nations, the Treaty of Versailles, Germany before World War I, dictators, Hitler, Mussolini, and dictatorship in the Western Hemisphere. He goes on to discuss colonialism and the USSR. In general, this program concerns itself with twentieth century history as seen through the eyes of a commentator.
In the first part of this program, Mr. Kaltenborn, often called “Dean of American Commentators,” tells of the presidents he has known (Cleveland, Theodore Roosevelt, Coolidge, Hoover, Truman, FDR, and Eisenhower). He gives a re-imitation of Truman’s imitation of him after the 1948 election. He tells of these presidents in terms of their character traits, their courage, and their abilities to handle world problems. The last part of the program is devoted to a discussion with Mr. Kaltenborn as a trusted commentator and the responsibilities of radio and television. He talks about what he calls “enduring news” and the importance of background information. He tells of the changes in himself, in radio, and the news in the last 50 years, and generally sums up his philosophies and opinions, claiming he has become more tolerant in recent years.
Students from Switzerland, Thailand, Pakistan, and India discuss the habits and customs of their countries. The individual flavor of each of their cultures is shown in their often strongly divergent points of view. While the discussion begins with a brief description by each of the students of his religion, in a rather relaxed manner, the topics which are aired later in the program produce a lively give-and-take discussion. The student from Pakistan describes Islam as a faith which stresses the belief in one God and the equality of all men, while the student from India speaks of Hinduism as emphasizing transmigration -- the attainment of oneness with reality -- with God as a means to that end. Thailand's representative characterizes Buddhism as being closely related to Hinduism, particularly in the belief in transmigration, but she goes on to point out the qualities of passivity and contentedness which Buddhism encourages. The most significant aspect of Christianity is seen as its sense of "nearness to God" by the student from Switzerland. Some discussion of the desirability or feasibility of a single world religion seems to show that each was loathe to sacrifice his own way of life, despite the fact that they all felt they had much in common. The role of religion in education is also discussed. United States foreign policies come in for some scrutiny, particularly the question of military versus economic aid. While the discussion does not always seem to stick to the topic too closely, this is most welcome, since, as the participants become more involved, they become less inhibited. This shows very clearly how much each has been influenced by his country's culture, and this presents a lively picture of that culture in action.
This is the tale of a Japanese lord who, seeking to know the true feeling of his people, travels incognito among his population. He is caught in a snow store and taken in by a poor couple. So poor was the couple that there was no firewood in the house. To warm their guest, they burned their only treasured possessions, three potted plants. For their generosity, the lord rewarded them with wealth and rand. Artist Mikamo illustrates this story with drawing of potted plum and pine trees.
Bash Kennett tells of the Spanish soldiers who came here on duty during the Spanish rule over California and decided to stay on, living on large ranchers in adobe haciendas. Bash takes a film trip to some remaining haciendas and compares modern living in California with the past. Songs include “La Cucaracha” and “Chisholm Trail.”
This tale involces the feathered robe of an angel and a fishermam who found it on a pine tree branch and was reluctant to give it up. The fisherman agrees to return the robe if the angel will perform a celestial dance for him, whereupon the angel dons the robe to dance and ascends to heaven. The pine tree on which the robe was hung is said to be standing now at Miho-no-matsubara in Shizuoka, Japan. Mr. Mikami illustrates this legend with a drawing of a fisherman.
Lee Wilcox and Dr. Maria Piers discuss handicapped children and the emotional challenges they face. They also discuss the important role of parents in the lives of handicapped children.
Explains and illustrates the causes of strong feelings such as anger, anxiety, and aversion, and shows how people deal with them. Suggests controlling strong feelings through understanding, and presents approved outlets as outdoor, religious, and thrill activities, sports, music, helping others, confidential talks, and scribbling. (KOMU-TV) Kinescope.
Presents the familiar children's fantasy. Shows how they outwit their stepmother's attempt to get rid of them. Uses live actors in costume to enact the story.
Hand puppets are used to tell the age-old story of the two children whose step mother takes them to the forest and leaves them. The trail they've left with bread crumbs, is eaten by the birds, so unable to find their way home, they say their prayers and go to sleep under a tree. They wake in the morning and discover a candy house.
What fingerprinting is to the F.B.I., spectroscopy is to the scientist. Through its use, astronomers have been able to learn more about the chemical composition of the sun than is known about the composition of the earth. Spectroscopy is used in food research to find impurities in canned food and cans of beer; it is used to trace the origin of paint found on a car in a hit-and-run accident; or to determine how jewelry was made centuries ago. Just how does this technique work? It is a simple story as explained by physicists at Argonne National Laboratory. Yet its applications are extremely precise. The basic instrument is the spectroscope, which can be as simple as a piece of glass used to split sunlight into a “rainbow” of color or as complicated as a piece of delicate apparatus that can single out sixty thousand different colors and requires a room as big as a small house. The use of spectroscopy was extremely important during the development of the atomic bomb. Large quantities of uranium and graphite were needed to produce the bomb, and scientists knew that the very success of the project depended on obtaining these elements in their purist forms. Using a spectroscope, scientists were able to measure the purity of the valuable elements. They knew that each element emits certain colors in the same manner that each man has different fingerprints. Thus, scientists could “look” at two pictures of different samples of uranium and determine which was the purer, since uranium containing impurities gave a different color or wavelength when photographed and compared with photographs of light from pure uranium. Scientists have spent literally years studying photographic plates from the spectrograph to determine the frequencies of light from specimens of chemical elements. The measurement and interpretation is an exacting and time-consuming task which is important if scientists are to understand the structure of atoms.
Dora (host) tells a story about a hermit crab named Harry who is looking for a new house with his sea anemone friend. Despite looking at houses with modern amenities such as a washing machine and television, they settle for a large shell where they can continue their mutually beneficial relationship. Fignewton Frog (puppet) performs the story through shadow puppet. Episode also describes how to use the library to find out more information about ocean life.
Bash takes a film trip to a forest, in company with a forest ranger, who shows her how the Forest Service raises trees, even the biggest evergreens, as a crop. The methods of selecting them for harvest, and the wise use of our heritage of lumber is shown. The Ranger marks a tree for harvest, after pointing out various facts about a healthy tree, and we see the tree cut and taken to the logging mill. Songs include, “Saturday Night” and “Dublin City.”
Forum delegates attempt to define Europeanism as contrasted to Americanism as they launch this challenging topic of discussion. Talk moves naturally into a consideration of a federated Europe and all five delegates agree on the desirability of a united Europe. In considering sacrifices of individual countries in an effort to achieve this unity, the German delegate points out the cynicism of his teachers about politics—the result of having to admit twice that what they had previously taught was false. Italian and French participants both comment on the lack of instruction in contemporary politics in their school systems.
The question of the future of Europe is discussed by students from Germany, Switzerland, Italy, France, and Belgium. Each of the participants has a good knowledge of European history and culture, and each contributes some very interesting ideas. The role of West Germany in a united Europe is closely examined, particularly the advisability of re-armament and re-industrialization. Much attention is devoted to the economic aspects of European recovery, particularly relaxation of tariff barriers, and the close relationship of Europe's economy to that of the United States. In this connection, some attention is given to the export-import policies of the United States. While much of the discussion centers on these economic and political problems, the consensus of the group seems to be that certain cultural problems must be solved before any lasting solution to these practical problems can be evolved. The tendency of Europe to live in its past is critically examined, and all of the group seemed more or less to agree that before Europe can fully recover, it must learn to look forward. Also, there is an attempt to evaluate nationalism, and possibly to evolve a new concept of nationalism. They all feel that the strength of Europe lies in its young people, and thus are anxious for opportunities to know one another. This is a most mature and thoughtful discussion. There seems to be little rancor, even between the student from Germany and the one from France. While all are aware of the great problems confronting them, they are anxious to solve them intelligently and fairly.
The hat you wear tells much about where you live, what kind of life you lead and what the climate is, says Bash in this program. Hats can be fun and in this program the story of hats is started with the earliest head coverings used in ancient times. Songs include “Jennie Jenkins,” “Soldier and the Lady,” “Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat” and “He’s Gone Away.”
Discusses the child's struggles to be "himself". Explains why children may or may not want to follow in their parent's footsteps. Points out the dangers of pushing children too hard in fulfilling ambitions set up by parents. (WTTW) Kinescope.
Visits the monkeys at the Brookfield Zoo. Explains that the monkeys have many differences, especially in heads and tails. Uses filmed sequences of the DeBrazzas, langurs, patas, lemurs. Shows primitive near-monkeys like the marmosets and ukaris, ring-tailed, wolly, and spider monkeys. Includes a slow-motion sequences of a spider monkey family taking its daily exercise. (WTTW) Kinescope.
This program will introduce volcanism and the rocks (igneous) which result from heat. Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock and can befound either beneath the earth’s surface or on the surface. Identification of them is made by texture. this dependson where they cooled, and how fast the cooling took place. You will examine the texture and characteristics of someof the common igneous rocks. Granite is one of these and has many different forms. Basalt is another, a dense rock with small crystals, but having a different chemical make-up from that of granite. You’ll find out too about the formations in which igneous rocks are frequently found; dikes, sheets, sills, and laccoliths. Finally you will see a miniature volcano erupt to introduce the most catastrophic form of volcanism, and the rocks formed from this kind of heat; obsidian, pumice, and scoria.
Explores the strange world of sound beneath the sea. Discusses non-animal sounds and those produced by marine animals. Illustrates how fish and other marine organisms make sounds through air sacs, teeth, external body parts, and air flaps. Explains how underwater sounds serve as attraction devices, reaction devices to environmental conditions, and signals, and as incidental noise which serves no purpose. Uses underwater phototgraphy and recordings to demonstrate purposes of various sounds made by the snapping shrimp, grunt fish, grouper, queen trigger fish, porcupine fish, spiney lobsters, jacks, propoises, and the unidentified "echo fish".
Hailstones grown in concentric layers because they pass through the varying temperatures of different air levels. With the felt board, Dora and Fignewton tell the story of a hailstone who lost his temper while trying to get to earth.
Fignewton Frog (puppet) and Dora (person) tell a story about a reluctant root and the troubles that causes to its flower. Ends with a suggestion that children go to the library to learn more about gardening.
Dr. Henry Steele Commager discusses the political thinking of today. Explains the desirability of the inductive or pragmatic approach to problems of politics and society. Discusses the concepts of majority and minority rule, loyalty, and security in terms of theoretical dangers, fundamental truths, and moral absolutes. Points out the importance of experience, reality, and actuality in judging political action. (WQED) Kinescope.
Dr. Henry Steele Commager and his guests discuss various aspects and problems of American higher education. Presents one viewpoint concerning the need for change in public thinking toward higher education, how students acquire attitudes, college and university methods, intellectual versus social training, educational leadership, and the problem of standards. Centers the discussion around the importance of society to the ultimate solving of these problems. (WQED) Kinescope.
Dr. Henry Steele Commager and his guests discuss freedom and security in today's society. Defines freedom as a natural right, a practical necessity, and a way of living. Considers the problem of freedom, security, and loyalty on a national as well as local level. (WQED) Kinescope.
Dr. Commager lectures on the subject of nationalism as something Americans take for granted but as something that is actually new in history. He also clarifies nationalism as a blessing rather than a curse to mankind. He discusses his theory that American nationalism differs in important ways from European or even Asiatic. He shows how nationalism came about as suggesting what the US can should do to mitigate the ravages of nationalism generally.
Dr. Henry Steele Commager discusses the place of America in history. Explains early European curiosity concerning the value of the discovery of America. Points out how America's contribution to technology, social democracy, federal politics, education, separation of church and state, and nationalism have influenced institutions elsewhere. (WQED) Kinescope.
Some animals adopt protective coloration for winter. By means of the peep-show parade, Dora tells the story of an elderly rabbit in the impoverished nobility who forgot that nature would take care of her "wardrobe."
Makes the assumption that the heroes of a society embody its ideals and aspirations, and shows that we can learn a great deal about American values by exploring some of the hero types of the past sixty years. Describes the adulation of matinee idols, from Valentino to Sinatra; of doers of big deeds, from Lindbergh to Shepard; of preeminent political figures, from Lincoln to Churchill. Shows that today, in a sophisticated age of psychological analysis, the fictional romantic "hero" stereotype is fast disappearing, but claims that we are still apt to confuse the celebrity with the hero, the manufactured myth with reality.
Shows the techniques involved in painting the heron. Depicts this bird sitting on a branch of a willow tree. Tells a tale of about the heron and the Emperor of Japan. (KQED) Kinescope.
Cameras are carried in rockets to get technical information about the flight. The resulting movies and stills provide interesting viewing in addition to their primary value. Other applications, such as meteorological predictions, beside the present usages, are suggested by some of the pictures.
Shows the simple forms of plant life that appear upon retreat of the glaciers and the role of these plants in preparing the earth's surface for other plant and animal life. "Forests" of the high Arctic are shown to be only inches high though many years old. The struggle for life existing among plant forms and animal forms in this harsh environment is depicted as the variety of species in the region are surveyed.
Dr. Maria Piers talks about teenagers facing the “wide wide world.” Choosing a career, whether to go to college or not –these are difficult questions which trouble teenagers. Dr. Piers suggests some things parents can do to help their youngsters and points out what some teenagers’ questions are.
Describes the art of stage make-up and its function in the theatre. Presents and discusses three main categories of make-up: character, stylized, and straight make-up. Examines the tools and materials used in stage make-up and demonstrates their use. Shows the functions of make-up in relation to characterization, lighting, distance, and color.
Emphasizes the hazards the inexperienced city driver must learn to recognize. Shows the unusual situations that may arise from driver fatigue. Explains how to avoid fatigue. Presents a complete picture of the advantages and special dangers confronted on expressways. Describes necessary action to protect occupants in your car.
Discusses the worldly desires of all people--pleasure, wealth, fame, and power--and the ways in which they are related to Hinduism and the caste system. Points out that obtaining these worldly desires is not always satisfying. Explains the symbol of the Hindu view of God.
Outlines the four yogas, or paths, to a union with God, and states that individuals should use their own resources to move themselves along these paths. Points out that the material wants or being, awareness, and happiness are only ways to man's deeper desires and that God will answer these needs.
Explores the belief of reincarnation as it relates to the ultimate union of the soul of man with God. States that the soul moves through several material worlds--the one we know, several higher, and several lower, depending on how well one has lived in the world of action--on its journey to the final liberation from all material worlds. Reviews Hinduism, stressing that ultimately God is infinite and that salvation is union with God.
Much of today’s exploration of space would be impossible without the early astronomical discoveries of Hipparchus (hih-PAR-kus). According to Dr. Posin, the greatest of these discoveries was that“the tip of the axis of the earth, through the centuries, make a circle in the heavens.” With the help of work done by scientists before him, such as Archimedes, Hipparchus was able to find ways of determining longitudes on earth and in the sky, thereby laying important groundwork for astronomical discoveries through the ages.
Describes the images evoked upon mention of the 1920s: jazz, champagne baths, John Held flappers, gang killings--in short, an era of rampant, glamorous decadence. Shows that the frantic thrill-searching of the "lost generation" takes on a somewhat different flavor when described by the pens of Hemingway, Fitzgerald, and other Left Bank expatriates. Describes the small town, its traditions and manners still relatively untouched as presenting still another picture of the decade. Shows that each of these represents an alternate truth about the times and points out that it is only when we view history from many vantage points that we are able to achieve an undistorted, objective account and gain a perspective that avoids the pitfalls of our cherished stereotypes.
Discusses the historical development of nuclear fission. Stresses the contributions of Chadwick, Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner, Otto Frisch, Niels Bohr, and Albert Einstein. Retells the story of the initiation of the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reactor at Chicago, Illinois. (WQED) Film.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., investigates the history, development and spread of the English language and its beginnings as a world language. He briefly reviews other world languages and language families. Dr. Smith, Jr., also develops a breakdown of the Proto-Germanic language into its descendent languages, traces the dialects of England about A.D. 600, and explains how vocabularies change and develop as cultures mingle. He also comments on the feasibility of a world language.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., discusses the history of the Indo-European family and how different languages are related. He explains how linguists developed a systematic reconstruction of Germanic languages, and points out the contributions of Grimm and Verner in developing laws of language development. Dr. Smith, Jr., also stresses predictability and patterning in language structure.
Discusses the values of a hobby as a source of fun and relaxation, friendship, recognition, and health. Presents people and their hobbies, how they came to choose a particular hobby and the values they receive from their hobbies. Suggests different hobbies and where to secure information about each. (KOMU-TV) Kinescope.
Visits the Brookfield Zoo to show how climate, geographical catastrophes, and an animal's adaptation to its environment makes it impossible to live elsewhere. Tells the story with filmed sequences of lorises, hornbills, and related monkey families. Shows how birds are limited in flight by rivers, mountains, and oceans. Explains how some animals, by their adaptability and locomotion, can escape their environment and become widespread. (WTTW) Kinescope.
The British colony of Hong Kong is the second "tension area" discussed by Mr. Ravenholt, Professor Peek, and their guest Dr. John W. Hall, director of the Center for Japanese Studies at the University of Michigan. Describing Hong Kong as a "window in the bamboo curtain," Mr. Ravenholt explains that the colony, made up of 76 islands and a peninsula, is the crossroads of the world where there is fairly free travel across the border into Red China. Here we are able to get a picture of what is happening in Communist China. The picture is not complete, he points out, but we are able to determine general trends in that vast country. It is now becoming apparent, according to Dr. Hall, that China is emerging as a major power for the first time in over 150 years. With this accumulation of power there is a natural "spilling over" into other countries such as North Korea. The grassroots level is the source of this new found power. The Communist Government of China has succeeded in organizing the peasantry. Mass organizations have been established with chapters in every village. Here the leaders are trying to change the Chinese society--trying to make it a community-centered society instead of the traditional family-centered society. The country has also been "westernized" and it now has the largest standing army in the world. Concluding the discussion, Mr. Ravenholt predicts that, in time, Red China will pose as a rival to the Soviet Union.
Illustrates the techniques involved in painting horses. Poses them in different stages of motion: running, trotting, and feeding. Tells why horses are a favorite subject for Japanese paintings. (KQED) Kinescope.
Present a tour of the Eastern State Hospital for the mentally ill in Lexington, Kentucky. Explains how the hospital is organized, and describes innovations which have been introduced such as opens wards and mixed dayrooms. Shows what happens to a patient from the time he is admitted until he is ready for release.
Uses Laboratory experiments to illustrate simple principles of chemistry used in the home. Defines and explains the difference between soap and detergent. Shows their role in cleaning. Demonstrates the softening of water, the effect of alkaline chemicals on cloth, and the cleaning of tarnished silver. (KQED) Film.
Discusses the use of scientific method in psychology. Uses the moon illusion to explain the development of a scientific hypothesis. Shows how psychological experiments are solving the problem of the moon illusion. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Delegates from India, Korea, Norway and the United Kingdom thrash out the controversial question of U.N. membership for Red China in a lively discussion during this program. "Actually it is not a question of whether we like a country or its government. The fact is that it—the country—should be recognized," Norway says and the Korean delegate comes back with, "Nations that don’t love peace should not be admitted to the U.N." The conversation swings into a second heated discussion on the effectiveness of competition between the United States and Russia to aid underdeveloped countries.
Delegates from India, Korea, Norway and the United Kingdom thrash out the controversial question of U.N. membership for Red China in a lively discussion during this program. "Actually it is not a question of whether we like a country or its government. The fact is that it—the country—should be recognized," Norway says and the Korean delegate comes back with, "Nations that don’t love peace should not be admitted to the U.N." The conversation swings into a second heated discussion on the effectiveness of competition between the United States and Russia to aid underdeveloped countries.
Discusses the concepts of maturation and nurture, and examines their relation to physical, intellectual, social, and emotional growth. Two girls, ages 5 and 8, are used to demonstrate intellectual achievement.
Delegates representing Australia, Guatemala, Norway and Turkey compare their own schools with those they have come to know in America. Girls and boys split over the value of coeducation with the males in favor and the girls opposed. Says the Australian delegate, "Maybe girls are afraid to let boys find out how intelligent they are." The girls also think American girls are too clothes conscious and suggest uniforms for students. Other comments include envy of the American student's freedom to work part time, lack of respect for the teacher, appreciation of the modern equipment in American schools and surprise at the American custom of "going steady."
Bird identification has escaped the laboratory stage in the past 20 years. Frequently the identification of living things down to the species, depends upon features not really observable. But naming a bird (in some cases even to a subspecies) can now be done quite accurately through a system of field identification. Perfected by outstanding field observers like Ludlow Agrisom and Roger T. Peterson and put into book form and general circulation by Peterson, this system has created a hobby full of leisure for many people. This program will introduce the elements of knowing a bird when you see it, alive and in its environment. Graphic art and film will illustrate how you look for stance, pattern, habits and combinations of marking to identify a bird. Betty Sears, “Discovery’s” artist, appears on this program with the sketch book she uses on birding watching expeditions.
Host Lee Wilcox speaks with Dr. Maria Piers about how responsibility grows in children, and if independence is a "curse" or a "blessing." Features a "Peanuts" cartoon by Charles Schultz.
Prof. Boring shows how human beings can be “set” or “tuned in” to a special response just as a radio can be tuned to a particular station. The brain can be directed along a certain channel, which it will follow until that channel or “station” is changed. Once told to think of rhyming words for example the voluntary subject concentrates on the sound of words almost exclusively, until she comes to “month,” for which there is only one unfamiliar rhyme. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
The services of artist John Drummond of Iowa State College are utilized to show another method of causing laughter, that of the use of the caricature. He draws a caricature of lecturer Feinberg. The artist’s techniques are then analyzed and demonstrated to show just how he goes about emphasizing certain features and deemphasizing others to make his subject appear “funny.”
In this program, artist John Drummond of Iowa State College demonstrates more techniques of caricaturing and their relation to humor as Dr. Feinberg lectures on the same subject.
Considers England's relations with her colonies after defeat of France. Points out her mistakes which led to antagonism and finally to open revolt by the Americans. Outlines the conditions the conditions that led the British to follow their disastrous course. (KETC) Kinescope.
Demonstrates that intelligence is the most significant criterion of differences between people. Points out how I.Q. varies with socio-economic status and education. Cites research on man's productivity. Describes the relationship of personality to body-build. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Show how philosophy differs from science and religion in its methods and objectives, and states that each is independent of the other. Points out that as historians, chemists, and astronomers differ in their methods of inquiry, so also do scientists, philosophers, and theologians. Insists that there need not be conflicts among the three if each group stayed within their own field. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.
Uses experiments to explain capillary action in plants. Shows how water gets from the roots up to the leaves. Demonstrates capillary action with thistle tubes. (WCET) Kinescope.
Continues the explanations of capillary action and presents the results of experiments started in HOW PLANTS GROW: PART 1. Demonstrates again the capillary action in thistle tubes. Shows how the capillary action between water and blotter paper can raise heavy objects. (WCET) Kinescope.
Discussion of Russia's industry and agriculture and what that means for Russia as a country and its potential threat to the United States. This is the second episode in the series and is the second out of three discussing Russia.
The discovery of the New World by Columbus was really an accident, but one of those accidents which had been long in getting ready to happen. The Crusaders opened new lands to Europeans and made the first direct contact with things which Europe if she did not actually need, most certainly could use to her advantage. The Italian Merchants perfectly placed geographically and old hands at trading became the middlemen in the trade which developed. Soon other European merchants began to dream of ways of circumventing the Italians and becoming the middlemen themselves. The Turks added taxes to the goods which passed through their lands and hence the European found himself paying not only the Italian middleman but also the Turkish infidel for goods which were no longer luxuries, but which now had become necessities. New routes had to be found and these almost inevitably had to be water routes. Then into Portugal came an Italian from Genoa. Columbus believed that by sailing a few thousand miles to the west he would be able to reach Cathay and the Indies. In October, 1492, he did find land, but it didn’t fit the description which Marco Polo had given of the Orient. Soon it became evident that Columbus had actually discovered a new and uncharted world. No one was particularly happy about these two continents which blocked the western route to the Orient.
The problem of communist aggression is discussed by representatives of India, the Philippines, Korea, and Norway. This discussion concerns itself mostly with the situation in the East, since three of the four panelists come from that region. Much of the discussion involves the recent emergence of strong nationalist tendencies in the far East. The delegate from the Philippines explains how the leaders of these young countries, only recently having gained their independence, are loathe to consider regional federation out of a fear that they will once again sacrifice that independence. Some of the problems facing Korea in her attempts to reunite are also discussed at some length. The problem of admitting Red China into the United Nations is also examined, and the possibility of using that admission as a bargaining point to curtail further aggression, or to obtain some workable solution to the Korean problem. Whether or not Japan should be re-armed, and under whose auspices, is another question the group considers. This raised several interesting viewpoints, particularly the fact that there is still considerable suspicion of Japan by other peoples in that area. There is also much consideration of the role of the United Nations in curtailing aggression, and of whether or not the organization could act more efficiently if more of the Red bloc, such as China, were members.
Mr. Peek suggests that the aspect of French politics most familiar and perplexing to Americans is the quick turnover of premiers. Mr. Wit states that this is less important than it seems, for through the rise and fall of twenty Prime Ministers, there were only four foreign ministers. A film shows French involvement abroad, toughing on French internal problems. It is agreed that France is an essential ally but no longer a first-class power. We should assist in bringing her commitment s into balance with her weakened capacity.
Explains how a virus destroys cells. Uses animated films and microcinematography to show how a virus enters a cell, stops its normal functions, and reproduces more viruses. Tells how the new viruses are made and describes their method of escape to infect other cells. Concludes with a discussion of possible methods of controlling viral diseases.
Dr. Hayakawa develops the idea that what we know of the objective world is a product of our nervous system and, hence, an abstraction from sensory data. Alfred Korzynski’s “structural differential” diagram is used to trace the successive levels of abstraction from the event and the object through the first or descriptive verbal level to high level verbal abstractions such as “organism,” “matter,” etc. We become unintelligible when our verbal abstractions cannot be traced back to lower levels of abstraction. One of the great risks in high level abstraction consists in proceeding from the known to the unknown and in making unwarranted inferences and judgments. Examples from a modern philosophic work and from a racing form are used to illustrate abstractions that can and cannot be traced back to actual events.
Analyzes and discusses Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn. Points out the various levels of this picaresque novel and indicates the problems with which it deals. Speculates on the psychological meanings of some of Twain's chief characters. Considers the author's artistic development. (Syracuse University) Kinescope.
Presents interviews with Dr. Mark Van Doren and Dr. Paul Tillich concerning the highest goals man can achieve. Questions are answered on the relation of pleasure to happiness, life after death, personal objectives, and the kinds of human fulfillment.
Delinquent behavior is not directly related to IQ. Sheriff Lohman reviews this point with Dr. A. Arthur Hartman of the Psychiatric Bureau of Chicago’s Municipal Court. Case studies of two delinquent boys are presented, one with a low IQ and the other with a high one.
Discusses the dynamics of ideas and ideologies. Suggests a cultural exchange with Russia in an effort to lessen world tensions. Features Dr. Harold Fisher, Professor of International Relations, San Francisco State College and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.
Discusses the relationship of actions to "set" and unconscious motivation. Demonstrates ideomotor action. Explains visual and tactile muscle reading. Illustrates social motivation through film clips of experiments with pigeons. Concludes with a psychological test showing unconscious perception and immediate forgetting. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray the formation of human personality in three societies. Demonstrates the authoritarian, cooperative, and dwarfed personality types. Points out how personality types perpetuate themselves. Compares Americans, Alorese of the Dutch East Indies, and the Hopi Indians. (KUHT) Film.
Discusses the organization of the colonial empires by the mother countries. Explains how these early patterns have affected the development of South America, including even the independent nations. (KETC) Kinescope.
Visits Mesa Verde National Park in Southwestern Colorado. Discusses the work of archaeologists and how they uncover ancient Indian cities. Shows an Indian burial ground, homes of early cliff dwellers, and workers excavating, mapping, and recording their discoveries. Explains how their work provides knowledge of early Indians.
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Attempts to reveal the personality of Hart Crane through his books and papers, and through interviews with his friends and associates. Presents the views of Malcolm Cowley, Waldo Frank, Gorham Munson, and Peggy Baird. Presents readings of several of Hart Crane's poems by actor Gary Merrill.
One of Miss Fosdick’s key points is that England’s allegiance to the Commonwealth countries comes before her allegiance to her other allies, including the United States. A film shows two of the strongest factors in recent British history –the blitz of London and Churchill. It is agreed that our differences with England are less significant than the policies we have in common and that we can learn a great deal from Britain’s long experience in international diplomacy.
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick relays that real understanding and appreciation is discovered and developed through frequent visits to the art gallery and museum. We enter an exhibition of painting and sculpture, move from one work of art to the other, at the same time discussing the particular aspects of each as they relate to various contemporary movements in the arts. With illustrative drawings done with chalk at a large easel, the points previously observed and discussed are clarified. The program's guest is Miss Stella Nardozza, Teaching Supervisor, Pittsburgh Television Teaching Demonstration.
This discussion centers around the political organization of the ancient Incas in Peru in relation to the work of their craftsmen in pottery and gold. Guests are Dudley T. Easby, Jr., secretary of the Metropolitan, and Julius Bird, department of anthropology at the American Museum of Natural History.