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Bash tells the story of the building of the missions in California and describes the long voyage made by Father Serra and other Padres as they moved north from Mexico. Life in the mission community is described. Songs include "Adelita" and "Sombrero Blanco." The Lillian Patterson dancers perform a dance of the period of the latter song.
This program in the series is a signing survey of America at work, play, in love and the songs of the children. Bash sings some of her favorites including "Liza Jane," "Prisoner of Life," "Every Night When the Sun Goes In," "The Fox," "The Riddle Song," "Dig My Grave," "If I Had a Ribbon Bow," "Hullabaloo Belay," and "The Titanic."
The fabulous story of the men who built the railroad to join the Atlantic and Pacific coasts is told by Bash Kennett. The struggles of the laborers in the west who battled granite cliffs in order to lay more track than the crews on the plains who had to import their lumber is told. Songs include "Midnight Special," "Down in the Valley," and "Drill Ye Tarriers, Drill."
Opening this program with the song "Home on the Range," Bash tells of the importance of the American buffalo to the Plains Indian and how the buffalo led the early explorers over natural passes and up easy grades as the Western migration began. She describes an Indian buffalo hunt and the ways in which the animal was used for clothing, food and shelter. Songs also include "Buffalo Boy" (sometimes called "When We Gonna Marry"), and the music later made into a popular song, "Buffalo Gals."
Bash describes whaling and the life of a whale. She tells of harpooning the mammal and uses of whale oil. Songs include "Sarah the Whale" and "Greenland Fishery."
In this program, host Lohman examines the development of large prisons and the treatment of inmates in this type of institution. Film clips illustrate the masses of inmates confined and a prisoner tells of his life in such an institution. Wilkinson and Lohman discuss administrative problems occurring in the management of such large prisons and point out that modern penal thinking indicates a trend toward smaller prisons.
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick discusses the creation of a work of art through sketching. He explains and demonstrates the expression of an idea using a variety of media and techniques. Uses the work of Miro, Kandinsky, and others of the contemporary school to clarify the expression of concepts and objectives. Stresses the point that sketching should represent each individual's own personal creative interpretation of an idea.
Considers some of the procedures the expert worrier uses to develop his skill. Reviews the psychological and the physiological characteristics of the expert worrier, and emphasizes that too many people are being treated by a psychologist when they should be receiving treatment from a competent physician. Shows, through experiment, the way in which thinking involves motor action, and relates this to the worrier with internal disturbances. (Hofstra College & WPIX) Kinescope.
Emphasizes that the expert worrier should talk about his troubles to only two people--his doctor or his psychiatrist or psychologist. Notes that expert worriers are more intelligent than the average person, but they must be shown that manifestations of worry originate in themselves. (Explains the differences between a psychologist, psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst. Sums up the worry emotion in terms of physical activities, their causes, and means of correction. (Hofstra College & WPIX) Kinescope.
When Skip learns it is time for the children at school to have their shots, he decides to hide and miss the shots. The others decide that he can’t join them in their later fun if he is going to be ill because he didn’t look after his health.
Presents members of the New York Herald Tribune World Forum and forum director Helen Hiett Waller. Teenagers from the Sudan, Israel, Ceylon, and Yugoslavia discuss American slang as an obstacle to the understanding of English and as a puzzlement and source of amusement to foreign visitors. The young people examine slang words and phrases in their own language.
Hand puppets portray the age-old story of two girls named Snow White and Rose Red, who live with their mother in a small cottage near the forest. One evening a bear comes to their door seeking warmth. He is invited in, and after playing with the two little girls, the mother tells him he is welcome to stay with them until spring.
Presents a vacation camping trip in the southeast by the Ed Harvey family. Upon meeting a low-income farm family they examine the causes and solutions to the extreme poverty of major portions of the farm population. (Agrafilms, Inc.) Film.
Discusses how growth can be looked upon as a process which enables the infant to move away from the home. Emphasizes the importance of encouraging this kind of growth which takes him from the crib to his whole house, to the neighborhood, to the town, and to the world. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.
Explores the effects that societal conditions, geographic location, and moral pressures have upon artists and their works. Illustrates with sketches and prints the kinds of treatment resulting from various influencing factor. Discusses the influence on literature and music of these same forces. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the forces that differentiate species of molecules. Reviews briefly the structure and nature of atoms and molecules. Illustrates different factor affecting the solubility of gases, liquids, and solids in water and other liquids. (KQED) Film.
Discusses the four planets largest of the solar system: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Uses charts, models, mechanical devices, and photographs to explain their physical properties, appearances, movements, and satellites. Features James S. Pickering of the American Museum-Hayden Planetarium.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain solubility. Demonstrates the solubility of a solid in a liquid by dissolving salts in water, a gas in a liquid with carbonated beverages and an ammonia fountain, and a gas in a liquid using charcoal. (KQED) Film.
Presents, in fable form, the philosophical question of free will versus determinism. The mannequins in a store window come to life and threaten the window dresser. Cartoon figures--symbolizing man--watch the action in the window and react in various but accepted ways.
Analyzes the recapitulation section of sonata form and explains the use of the coda to draw the many themes together for the close. Continues the illustration with the Beethoven Eroica movement. (WMSB-TV) Kinescope.
Still with the Beethoven Eroica movement as an example, the Recapitulation of sonata=form is shown to be a more or less exact representation of the Exposition, with the one basic difference that the second subject and all the themes it contains, now appear in the tonic or home key (just like the first subject). The remainder of the movement (after the Recapitulation) is a superb instance of a Beethovian Coda – a vast expansion of the simple “tail piece” first mentioned in Program VIII. Here the Coda is practically a second Development section, in which the composer draws his themes together (including the episode theme from the Development), still transforming and manipulating them, and builds them up to a forceful, clinching close.
Accompanying herself on the guitar, Bash sings songs of American life. She shows how music was a part of work, worship, love and fun. Her selections include “Aunt Rhody,” “Frog Went a Courtin,” “Fiddle Dee Dee,” “Sara Jane,” “I Ride an Old Paint,” “Bold Fisherman,” “Blow the Man Down,” “Pick a Bale o Cotton,” “Saturday Night,” “Cotton-eyed Joe” and “Chilly Winds.”
Surveys the major foreign and other influences on contemporary American art and discusses their effects. Illustrates these influences with a wide range of American and European works. The influences are summarized as they are traced in three American paintings. Illustrative prints of works by Hals, Reynolds, and Stuart are shown. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Tells the story of the custom of helping out in the Southwest. Explains how people worked together in building their homes, harvesting crops, and promoting social activities. Discusses the cultivation of sugar cane and making of syrup.
Discusses naviagational routes in space travel. Describes parabolas, hyperbolas and ellipses as the curves that will be traced by airships coasting in planetary and solar gravitational fields.
traces the rise and decline of Spanish influence in the Americas. Discusses Spain's efforts to exclude other peoples from the New World. Stresses England's determination to break the Spanish hold, particularly after Spain's discovery of the riches of Mexico. (KETC) Kinescope.
In this program, Reverend Jones and criminologist Joseph D. Lohman discuss the special problems of fostering spiritual life under the adverse conditions of imprisonment. Reverend Jones emphasizes the unique relationship between the prison chaplain and the inmate. Lohman describes the unified role of religion in panel institutions and a film sequence shows chapel services and chaplain counseling.
Discusses stage lighting in terms of special effects, atmosphere, and mood. Follows the work of the light designer from the initial preparation to the final production. Outlines the objectives and demonstrates in detail the basic requirements of stage lighting. Presents many types of lighting equipment and explains how they are used to produce desired effects. Includes a brief history of stage lighting.
Host Dora tells the story of Eloise the Skunk, a kid skunk who couldn't spray until one day a dog almost attacks her and she learns how to spray because she is scared. The dog asks to be adopted by her and she asks her mom and the familys takes in their new pet dog.
A book about a little French girl, her duck and her sheep. We look through the giant’s pipe to see the Eiffel Tower –and sing a French song. The book is by Francois, published by Charles Scribner and Sons.
Even before the improved lift devices were designed, the stability and control problems had to be solved and further improvements incorporated into the original systems. Dr. Lippisch illustrates how the stability and control system of the Wright brothers' glider differs from the system on the conventional aircraft of today.
Describes the role of the production crew--the designers, craftsmen, and technicians. Demonstrates the procedures followed by the production staff in the creation of the play. Shows where they work, how they perform their jobs, and the tools which they use.
Tells the story of traveling by stagecoach. Explains how stagecoaches were made and used. Uses 19th century pictures and illustrations of early stages and discusses the dangers encountered during their trips. Host Bash Kennett plays guitar and sings the songs "Black Eyed Susie," "Every Night When The Sun Goes In" and "Old Joe Clark."
Presents principles of good staging for the panel and interview types of television programs. Points out common errors of staging and demonstrates methods to be used in good program staging. Suggests ways to make the most of available props and how to create general utility props at modest cost. Features Verne Weber.
Describes the fundamental relationships existing between music, staging, and words in the successful and meaningful production of an opera. Stresses the importance, on the part of the stage director and the actors, of understanding the language of the music in arriving at staging procedures. Shows correct and incorrect examples of fitting stage movement to the music using selections from Don Giovanni, Faust, and Carmen. (WQED) Kinescope.
Part 1: Shows the gearshift positions, explains how to start the engine, and gives the correct way to handle the gearshift when starting and stopping the car. Discusses down-shifting, backing, stopping, staring and backing on an upgrade. Part 2: Discusses the necessity of recognizing at a glance what traffic signs mean, the importance of knowing your own lane, and the proper speed to travel according to the driving situation. explains the importance of safe following distance and understanding the total traffic picture. Gives the roles to follow when passing other cars. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.
Discusses the appearance of the skies and explains how to locate constellations and individual stars. Describes the celestial sphere and explains how to use star charts and the telescope. Uses diagrams, charts, and models to show the beginner how to study the skies effectively. Features James S. Pickering of the American Museum-Hayden Planetarium.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand illustrates the "laws of chance" or "probability." Discusses fallacies of what is "normal" and "abnormal." Points out the variability of human beings by discussing the "average man." Emphasizes limitations in what can be predicted. (KQED) Film.
Discussion of the manufacturing and production of steel in the United States as well as a brief discussion of other minerals, including zinc and aluminum.
Louis Simpson, a poet and teacher at the University of California at Berkeley, relates that Stephen Spender’s interest in the relationship between poetry and the subjects of war and politics goes back to his days at Oxford. He discusses Spender’s activity during the Spanish Civil War and World War II and says his poems of war and love have a panoramic sweep. Spender then reads “Two Armies,” “The Guns,” “The Window,” “Ice,” “The Little Coat,” “Song,” and “Elegy for Margaret.”
Dr. St. Clair Drake states that the middle class is not only based on the economy, but is a way of life. Black middle and upper classes parallel those of the whites, yet he is "still a brother" and without a "mental revolution" will never escape the bonds of prejudice.
Bert Shapiro, David Prowitt, Vilma Bautista, Dr. Dean Engelhardt, Dr. Peter Model, Hugh Robertson, Dr. Robert E. Webster, Niyati Yodh, Dr. Norton D. Zinder
Summary:
Shows an experiment which successfully analyzed the genetic code of a mutant virus. Portrays Dr. Norton Zinder and his colleagues at Rockefeller University as they separate the mutant virus from non-mutant virus, grow new generations of mutants, extract genetic material, and test for possible manufacture of coat protein.
One segment from episode 119 of PBL. Describes the campaign to save Illinois' archaeological sites from urban and industrial expansion. Interviews Stuart Struever, archaeology professor at Northwestern University, who explains the significance of the sites. Shows Struever and others surveying and digging at sites. Ends with the suggestion that the area's heritage could be saved with the help of others.
The story is one of the most significant and exciting in the whole history of science. It started with the “impractical” observation of a line in the solar spectrum with no then-known earthly counterpart. With guest, Captain Albert R. Behnke of the United States Navy, Dr. Hildebrand traces the unfolding story through discoveries of vast scientific value to applications in aeronautics, deep diving, and high altitude flying. In summary, Dr. Hildebrand discusses the revelation of the source of the sun’s energy and the possibility of obtaining inexhaustible supplies of energy to serve the needs to men.
Discusses Alaska's proximity to Russia and its importance as a base of warning in the event of a surprise attack. Depicts the nature of the warning systems and military installations. Interviews military leaders to comment on the extent of our defenses in Alaska.
Discusses style as related to form, space, color, line, and scope of treatment. Illustrates these elements with paintings by Avery and Pickett. Demonstrates and discusses various methods of applying pigment and illustrates their effects in works by Sawyer and Wilson. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Stresses simple sincerity as the basis of good style in any kind of writing from business letters to short stories. Points out that many people lose their naturalness when they begin to write. Discusses outstanding authors, such as Mark Twain, Somerset Maugham, and Shakespeare, and illustrates their simplicity of style with selected readings from each.
Discusses good style as a portrait of the writer and stresses the importance of developing a style that permits the reader to sense the writer's personality. Considers the personality of five writers as revealed by their styles: Sherwood Anderson, Irwin Shaw, Robert Nathan, Ernest Hemingway, and Mark Twain. (WQED) Kinescope.
Defines and discusses subject matter and content on art. Illustrates these concepts with pictures, prints, sketches, and selections from literature. Includes a brief discussion of art forms in which style and technique have become the content. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Summarizes the American nominating process from the early days to the emergence of the two-party system between 1830 and 1860 and the main political developments through 1952. Shows key Republican and Democratic candidates from 1912 through 1952 and headlines from the files of the New York Times dating back to the 19th century. (Dynamic Films) Films.
Host Bash Kennett discusses the history of sugar production. Early American methods of maple syrup making are described. The process of growing and refining sugar cane in Hawaii is summarized and shown in pictures. Finally, detailed film of growing, harvesting and refining sugar beets in the Western U.S. is shown (film provided by Western Beet Sugar Producers, Inc.). Songs performed include "Sugarbush" by Josef Marais and "How Lovely Cooks the Meat."
Reviews the characteristics and types of operas of various periods and suggests ways of developing more public interest in opera. Points out reasons for public opposition to opera and how opera might be made available to more people. States that because of the small demand for talented youth there is a waste of musical talent in America. (Univ. Calif. Ext.) Film.
Dr. Feinberg summarizes his previous lectures and adds some interesting observations on various aspects of humor. A “drunk” routine, a device used so frequently by comedians, is presented and analyzed.
All 33 of the Herald Tribune High School Forum delegates appear in their native costumes and talk of their experiences and impressions after their three month stay in four different American homes and schools. 1957 (WOR-TV) Kinescope.
Teenage delegates to the New York Herald Tribune Forum discuss their visit to America. Presents their views on what they have seen, learned, and experienced. 1958 (WOR-TV) Kinescope.
All thirty-three forum delegates gather for this concluding program to summarize and compare reactions to the three months spent in this country. All of the delegates have radically changed their initial views of America, mostly for the better. In high good humor and a festive mood, the delegates scramble their national signs just before the program goes on the air much to the confusion of moderator Mrs. Helen Waller. However, she concludes this is the most spontaneous demonstration of the delegates' new understanding that race and nationality are not barriers to friendship.
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Examines Richard Lippold's approach to the relationship between the artist's experience and the way in which he shapes it into its own organic form. Presents Lippod, a musician as well as sculptor, in his studio at the organ, and continues with some of his sculpture, including "The Sun." Shows shots of the sun and light in objects, people, animals, birds, and the sea as the types of experience providing inspiration to Lippold in creating "The Sun."
The importance of Sunday customs in the southern part of the country is described. The activities of the week, the tilling of the fields, the house chores, the sewing and gardening all came to a climax looking forward to Sunday. The families met at church, where the men and women then planned get-togethers for the afternoon. Of course, food was all-important, huge spreads of hams, yams, two-story biscuits, etc. At the meal, a house-raising is discussed, and the custom of helping neighbors to build a house is pictured. Songs include “Way Down Yonder in the Paw Patch,” “I’m Just a Poor Wayfarin’ Stranger,” and “Mr. Banjo.”
“Trade is a two-way street. If you want to sell, you’ve got to buy,” says Ed Harvey in this program, after a discussion of international trade and the relation of surplus to tariff. A trip through Washington, D.C., and cartoon sequences of the surplus problem and the import-export balance are featured in the program.
Mr. Hoffer argues that the men working beside him as longshoremen on the San Francisco docks are “lumpy with talent.” Genius, he notes, is not rare, it is wasted; and the talent of the workingman is a kind of common sense practicality. Wherever this talent exists among working men, they do their jobs without “all that fuss” which he considers to be characteristic of the underdeveloped countries of the world. Then, Mr. Hoffer raises a question regarding the forces that bring about creative periods in our history – periods that began quite suddenly and ended just as suddenly. He cites, as examples, “the period of cave drawings,” “the Age of Pericles,” “the Florence of the Renaissance,” and “the flowering of New England,” Mr. Hoffer contends that it was not because there was more talent during these periods (“the artists of Florence,” he notes, “were the sons of shopkeepers, and tailors.”), but rather that others forces which exist in every period of history were at work and these forces freed the talent.
Discusses the area of general semantics. Develops the idea that one's language determines the limits of one's world. Illustrates the way in which undifferentiated reactions to words leads to a communications deadlock. (KQED) Film.
Distinguishes between statements of inference and statements of fact and discusses the consequences of confusing the two. Illustrates the manner in which most people make declarative statements that are mistakenly assumed to be statements of fact. Shows how behavior is affected when people tend to misunderstand each other and fail to assess situations realistically.
In this opening program, Dr. Irving Lee presents his viewpoint of general semantics – the science of the relations between symbols and the study of human behavior as a reaction to symbols.
Discusses the consequences of forgetting that words only point to things and are not the things themselves. Attention to words alone may lead to unrealistic behavior, because language made it easy to distort what we are describing. It is easier to exaggerate in our speaking than to be precise. This tendency to exaggerate is based partly on a failure to limit our description or judgement of a person or thing to a particular time and context. (WOI-TV) Kinescope.
Considers the consequences of the "disease of allness", an attitude present in the person who implies or believes that what he knows or says about a thing is all that can be said. When "allness" exists, learning is hindered, and tension is likely to develop in human relations. The world of change in which we live makes it impossible to say all there is to say about anything. Failure to recognize this leads to bigotry. (WOI-TV) Kinescope.
Considers the differences between a good and a bad observer and relates these differences to talking sense. Points out that the use of conclusions based on observation of similarities alone results in a limitation of our awareness of the world, while the use of conclusions grounded on observation that also considers differences is a mark of the mature mind.
Discusses the variations in meanings of words and how these variations affect the communication process. Shows that words used by a speaker in one way and interpreted by a listener in another results in "bypass" or misunderstanding. Stresses that meaning is not in words but in speakers and listeners. Recommends that attention not be focused on words, that listeners be interested in what speakers mean, and that speakers try to make themselves understood by listeners.
Each year on July 7, the seventh day of the seventh month – the festival of the stars is celebrated in Japan. Artist T. Mikami tells the history of this festival, which is based on the legend of Shokujo, the daughter of the King of the Heavens, who fell in love with a herd boy. Shokujo and her lover were permitted to see each other only once a year, as the Milky Way would overflow and be impossible to cross. Each year at the festival of stars, the Japanese pray it will not rain and they decorate their homes with bamboo trees, from which they hang strips of colored paper upon which poems about lovers are written. Brush paintings of bamboo are drawn by Mikami.
Presents the story of Laotzu and his book The Way of Life. Discusses the basic concept of Taoism--creative quietude. Characterizes this belief as one which does not favor competition, but rather allows man to seek his own level with his fellow men and with nature.
Discusses the basic narcotic drugs and their relationship to crime. Includes a filmed sequence of an addict undergoing withdrawal and receiving a shot that assuages him. Points out that crime committed by the drug addict is a secondary effect. (KQED) Kinescope.
Documents Ansel Adams as he discusses light, interpretation, the use of different filters, exposures, ranges, and magnification, illustrating each from his own vast collection of photographs. The presentation centers around his demonstrations of various techniques to achieve given effects.
Presents an historical survey of colonialism as practiced by Britain and France. Discusses the methods of rule and the phases of colonization of each. Uses film clips, phots and charts to show how each has moved from direct colonial rule to cooperation with their colonies.
Reviews the activities of the United States in the area of colonialism. Discusses the colonies of the U.S. past and present. Outlines the course of action taken in helping the various territories in achieving self-government.
Explores the nature of technology itself and demonstrates its use, both to increase the competitor's share of the market and to expand the range of the market. Shows that industrial technology's first attempt is to reduce production costs or to give the product an edge over its competition with the hope of greater profits. Shows, too, that technology has served to create whole new markets--for example, the harnessing of electricity. Demonstrates that industrial research and development have progressed from the stage of the lone inventor to that of the highly-organized corporate effort.
Explains lighting fundamentals for the interview and panel-discussion types of television programs. Outlines problems and pitfalls and spells out how each may be avoided. Demonstrates good basic lighting principles in television production. Features Verne Weber.
In this discussion, Dr. Jones explains thatternary form is the repetition of an opening section of a composition after further development of the theme. This repetition brings the opening in to a relationship of tension with the rest of the piece since it closes or completes the structure, which would collapse without the repetition.
Discusses the use of terra cotta clay in sculpturing. Shows the modeling of a figure in terra cotta clay. Explains the nature of this medium and the problems of working with it. Tells how terra cotta clay differs from ordinary modeling clay. Demonstrates the "inside-outside" method of working with terra cotta. Illustrates with examples of completed figures in different kinds of terra cotta clay. Features Merrell Gage, sculptor and Professor of Fine Arts, University of Southern California. (USC) Film.
Precision and perfection are the watchwords of today’s Space and Atomic Age. Nothing can be overlooked everything must be checked and rechecked before the “go” signal can be given. A crack in a missile’s fuel line, invisible to the human eye, can be disastrous. A defect in an atomic reactor, while not disastrous, can mean costly and time-consuming repairs. This program examines “non-destructive testing”, a new-comer, yet one of the most important engineering techniques. Non-destructive testing is simply a method of examining an object for defects without destroying it in the process. It is unlike other testing methods such as automobile test, for example, in which the vehicle is pushed to its maximum performance before it ends up on the junk pile. The television cameras are at the Metallurgy Division of the United States Atomic Energy Commission’s Argonne National Laboratory, where scientists are using such non-destructive testing techniques as X-rays, gamma rays, and neutron radiography. At Argonne, neutronradiography is an invaluable aid to pinpoint what happens to uranium or plutonium fuel that sustains a chain reaction in an atomic reactor. The knowledge gained through this technique is important in designing the atomic power plants of today and tomorrow. Also shown are the ultrasonic testing methods used to detect imperfections by “bouncing” sound waves through objects that are being tested. One of these methods converts sound waves into electronic signals to show television pictures of hidden defects. The value of these non-destructive testing methods becomes increasingly more important as the tolerances become smaller and smaller for the new atomic reactors, space vehicles, and aircraft engines that are being constructed.
In this program, Dr. Jones illustrates textural contrast, i.e., the setting of passages of homophonic texture against polyphonic passages in the same composition, with examples from Palestrina, Bach and Handel. Thematic contrast is explained as the juxtaposition of themes of contrasting characters in somewhat the manner of conflict in drama.
Miss Pearson explains texture and color in nature as in grass, rocks, sand, clouds, and water. Happy colors and sad colors can be used, she says, to create mood. She explains how to combine texture and color for interest and design.
Fignewton Frog (puppet) and Dora (person) tell a story about a contest put on by the fictional magazine "Nest Beautiful" for the best picture of a bird's nest. They then recommend books about birds for children that can be found at the library. Includes drawings by Robert Robison.
Examines the actor's contribution to theatrical production. Discusses two basic steps in the actor's creation of the character which he portrays: visualization and expression. Demonstrates by following the actor and director through a study-analysis discussion and a rehearsal of Romeo and Juliet.
Dr. Maria Piers discusses how parents feel about the adopted child, how and when to tell a child he is adopted and does the adopted child have special problems.
In the concluding program on this subject, Dr. Adler deals with the two general considerations of aesthetics and ethics. On the side of aesthetics, he draws a comparison between beauty in art and beauty in nature. He also deals with the problem of intellectual and moral content of art, the consideration of freedom of the arts, and concludes by comparing the importance in human life of producing as opposed to appreciating works of art.
It was in the decades of the 1820’s and the 1830’s, often referred to rather broadly as the “Age of Jackson,” that sectional differences began to complicate national life. The Missouri Compromise fight had set the stage. The truce was soon troubled by a series of squabbles over the tariff, which grew to such a degree of intensity that the doctrine of nullification emerged. That storm blew over but it left damage in its wake – the lively discussion over the proposal to annex Texas showed that all was not quiet under the surface and the abolitionists did not exactly throw water on the live embers. During the period the West had a chance to assert itself under Jackson’s leadership and the “common man,” with the frontiers man president as a symbol, began to come into his own. A new political party emerged which for a time seemed likely to unite the states-rights South and the West. Adding to the stress of the time were the distressing economic problems of the Panic of 1837.
Uses photographs and diagrams the explain the age of the universe. Discusses the age of the earth, compositions of the milky way, how stars are formed, and cosmic development. Points out the difference between mechanical and evolutionary changes in the universe. Explains the uncoiling spiral of a new galaxy, and speculates on the duration of our own solar system. Features Dr. Bart J.Bok, Professor of Astronomy, National University of Australia. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
For centuries men have dreamed of turning common elements such as lead and zinc into more precious metals such as gold and silver. Today, nuclear scientists are looking beyond this and are inventing new elements which are more valuable than gold. This program, “The Alchemist’s Dream,” looks into these new elements –like curium and berkelium –which were unheard of a few years ago. Using an instrument called a cyclotron –an atom smasher –scientists at the United States Atomic Energy Commission’s Argonne National Laboratory are making new elements which do not exist in nature. In a manner of speaking, scientists at Argonne are working in an “atomic shooting gallery.” Houses in a special room behind seven –foot thick concrete doors, a cyclotron bombards target atoms of curium with a beam of a special variety of hydrogen nuclei, resulting in the making of a new elements, berkelium, one of eleven elements which have been “invented” by science. Behind heavy concrete walls, painstaking precautions are taken in the manufacture of these new elements because of harmful radiation, a byproduct of atom splitting. Though these experiments yield only small amounts of the new elements, they enable scientists to work out their chemical properties. This research provides new information on how atoms are put together. It also tells the scientists what to expect when larger quantities of the new elements are available. Already, some of these man-made elements are furnishing the power for satellites and remote weather stations. A small quantity of one of the new man-made elements, californium, scientists predict, could produce enough energy to do the job of a nuclear reactor weighing several tons.
Discusses alcohol as a measurable cause of crime, using filmed sequences and dramatic episodes to show how alcohol breaks down inhibitions, provides a sense of false security, and impairs judgment. Points up the relationship between alcohol and traffic accidents. Features Dr. Douglas M. Kelly.
In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., analyzes the English writing system and traces the origin, development and spread of the alphabet. He spends a short time discussing other important writing systems, including Sanskrit, Chinese, and Arabic, and discusses the significance of hieroglyphics in the development of written language.
Show how the black keys on the piano can be an alphabet of music all by themselves. Demonstrates the black key scale is characteristic of much folk or primitive music and show how it has been used by many modern composers. (University of Rochester) Film.
Describes the white keys of the piano as part of the composer's language. Shows different colors and tonal qualities of various white key scales. Demonstrates transposition and shows the great variety possible in seven white piano keys. (University of Rochester) Film.
Discusses and illustrates physical characteristics of the bird. Explains the skeletal system, covering of feathers, and uses of the beak and feet. Outlines graphically the ancestry of the bird. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
“American education is easy, lazy, and noisy.” With this statement four panelists, from India, Greece, Union of South Africa, and England, begin their discussion of American education. What are the aims of American education? Should education in a democracy be democratic education? How can a school system give students both a general introduction to culture and advanced technological training? Should everyone receive the same education? How are standards set for the schools and for the students? The debate centers around these topics and provides not only a new look at American high schools and colleges, but also at the educational systems of other countries.
Reviews U.S. history from its beginnings, with emphasis on the heritage of freedom and the basic principles of the Declaration of Independence which together account for the nation's greatness. (KETC) Kinescope.
Outlines and explains the life cycle of the salamander and shows some common salamanders of New England. Show how to set up a terrarium for keeping salamanders as pets. Also considers ferns, mosses, and club mosses suggested for use in a terrarium. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
