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Interview-in-depth with Henry A. Wallace. A warning from a leading agriculturalist of the imperative necessity to bring agricultural resources all over the world, and most especially in the under-developed areas, to their maximum production or face a misery in those under-developed areas which could trouble world peace even more than the opposing ideologies of American and Russia. There is a suggestion for a world loan development for small farmers through the co-operation of the wealthy nations.
Presents a panel discussion on birth control as the most immediate answer for keeping the expansion of the world population in harmony with the gradual expansion of production. Featured personalities are Barbara Ward, Julian Huxley, and Harrison Brown. (KETC) Kinescope.
Examines the resources of the earth and their ability to support man. Discusses the expansion of population in relation to resources. Points out the possibility of birth control to curb the dangers of population growth which could outrace the ability to produce. Features Harrison Brown, chemist and author. (KETC) Kinescope.
Discusses the needs of education, federal aid, teacher and classroom shortages. Points out how individuals should be educated to make more valuable use of leisure time. Features Dr. Clarence Faust, President of the Fund for the Advancement of Education. (KETC) Kinescope.
Examines the potentiality of education on the sub-verbal level. Discusses the training of the special senses such as vision and the autonomic nervous system. Points out the need for research and application of training on the sub-verbal level in order for man to attain a higher capacity for thought. Features Aldous Huxley, author and lecturer. (KETC) Kinescope.
Presents a look at the rapid growth in world population as a result of scientific advances in control of disease. Discusses the question of the expanding population with respect to economic and agricultural resources. Features Julian Huxley, biologist and author. (KETC) Kinescope.
Examines the values of three men engaged in automobile production. Questions are answered concerning work on the assembly line, the importance of salary, relations with foremen, and differences between management and labor. Comments are also made on the value of unions, retirement plans, and the changing of jobs.
The story is one of the most significant and exciting in the whole history of science. It started with the “impractical” observation of a line in the solar spectrum with no then-known earthly counterpart. With guest, Captain Albert R. Behnke of the United States Navy, Dr. Hildebrand traces the unfolding story through discoveries of vast scientific value to applications in aeronautics, deep diving, and high altitude flying. In summary, Dr. Hildebrand discusses the revelation of the source of the sun’s energy and the possibility of obtaining inexhaustible supplies of energy to serve the needs to men.
A study of auroral displays. Presents current theories on the nature of auroras and their relationship to events on the sun and to phenomena in and about the earth. Describes the coordinated activity of observatories and the instruments and equipment used to study the aurora.
Mr. Hartzell interviews three American poets to find out why they are writing poetry in a mechanical age. Is being a poet a real job? Or is a poet essentially a non-productive member of society? Should everyone be able to write poetry? Mr. Ciardi and Mr. Rexroth discuss the reasons for the fact that much of today’s poetry seems incomprehensible. Mr. Eberhart describes the poet’s function, and what motivates his choice of subjects. Slums, wars, despair, are as valid subjects for poetry as are spring, love and joy, since the poet’s function, among other things, is to be a commentator on all phases of life, the three poets decide.
Mr. Hartzell and Dr. Patrick talk to three pairs of parents to find out what they expect of, and hope for, their children. All six parents agree that the most important thing for their children to be is well adjusted. They agree, too, that the extracurricular activities and sports available in schools are at least as important as are studies: Mr. Vaught, in fact, says that a well-rounded boy is more important than a scholar. They feel that school must be a preparation for life, and that their children must learn to hold their own in a highly competitive world. Sports and elocution are as useful in training children as are purely academic subjects, the parents agree.
Presents a panel discussion on ways and means of preparing people for more significant living. Discusses the importance of a continuing education after formal training has ended. Points out reasons why adults do not continue educating themselves and how to overcome these problems. Features Mr. Aldous Huxley, Dr. Robert Hutchins, and Dr. Clarence Faust. (KETC) Kinescope.
Presents a look at world illiteracy. Suggests the use of an already proven method of combating illiteracy in order to help the people of underdeveloped areas. Emphasizes that people are on the move and must be helped. Features Dr. Frank Laubach, missionary, educator, and author. (KETC) Kinescope.
Presents a synthesizing of many aspects of education as discussed in the preceding programs. Points out how education can be used most effectively in activating man's potential. Features Mr. Frank Laubach, Mr. Robert Hutchins, and Mr. Aldous Huxley. (KETC) Kinescope.
Max Lerner and five Brandeis students consider the following: Who makes the decisions now in the United States? Is our foreign policy a rigid one? How can our foreign policy be changed so that we can get away from our estimate of the foreign policy that we have today, and if so what kind of policy should America adopt? Do we have to meet the illiterates of non-committed nations on the power-alliance level only? Should we accept a co-existence policy with Red China? Will economic aid be the answer to our foreign policy? Does America carry on ideological war fare?
Is it true that we have an American national character? Is America old enough to have developed a distinctive personality? Can you predict the kind of mental breakdown that an American will have? Do we have a different kind of neurotic personality today that was present ten years ago? Who goes to the psychiatrist? Has the psychiatric couch now become a part of the American landscape? Are neuroses the result of a capitalist policy? Do we need more ritual in America to help the personality to develop? What are the characteristics of a mature personality? These are some of the questions that Max Lerner and five Brandeis students discuss during the program.
After the lift, stability and control problems were solved, a propulsive system was needed to make the aircraft fly. The first propulsion device - the propeller - is still in use today. Dr. Lippisch explains the design of the propeller and demonstrates the lifting propeller - the Helicopter Rotor.
Discusses and demonstrates the problem of drag created by friction and turbulence. Explains the need for a high ratio of lift to drag' to produce an aircraft with good performance characteristics. Illustrates with diagrams and models in the wind tunnel, also uses high speed photography of air movement over a wing in the wind tunnel. Features Dr. Alexander M. Lippisch, director of the Aeronautical Research Laboratory, Collins Radio Company.
Discusses induced drag which is directly connected with the principles of lift and demonstrates the vortex configuration caused by the wing tip. Illustrates with diagrams and models in the wind tunnel. (State University of Iowa) Kinescope.
The first airplane to fly was what would be called today a Canard Type airplane; it had a horizontal stabilizer in front of the main wing. Today’s Conventional Type plane has the stabilizing surfaces are of the same size. Dr. Lippisch explains all three models. He also describes the Allwing Type plane which is made by combining wing and tail surfaces, sweeping thewing tips backward, and placing the control areas on the wing tips. He discusses the fundamental law of stability and demonstrates this on models in flight and in the Smoke Tunnel.
Explains the principles of lift. Uses the smoke tunnel to demonstrate the methods developed to produce wings with high lift capacity. Discusses stalling and how it is prevented. (State University of Iowa) Kinescope.
The excitement of the Gold Rush is in this show; the feverish travel across the country to find treasure, and the life of the prospectors. Bash shows the methods of mining with rocker and with gold pan, and then goes on film to visit Columbia, California, where rich strikes of gold were made. An old prospector takes her to the river and shows her how he extracts gold by rocker and pan, equipment which is as good now as it was then. Songs include “I Wish I Were Single” and “Clementine.”
The movement of traveling farmers, who follow the crops around the country, picking them as they ripen at different times in various areas is described in this program. The beginnings of the seasonal worker, when the land for farming for one’s self became difficult to find, start the story. It carries on through the possibility of following various crops all over the country, moving from one to another as they ripen. The ripening of cotton, apples, onions, tomatoes, strawberries and various others are shown on a large map, and the travels of the seasonal worker depicted on an animated visual. Songs include, “Chilly Winds,” “He’s Gone Away,” and “The Big Rock Candy Mountain.”
Tells the story of sailing vessels and life aboard a clipper ship. Describes the various jobs performed by the sailors. Discusses the types of cargoes carried on trips to all parts of the world. (KQED) Kinescope.
The neighborliness of people in the South gives rise to many stories of help to others living nearby. The assistance with plowing, picking of crops and helping “catch up on work” is told, then the custom of a logrolling is pictured, wherein the neighbors gather to clear the fields of trees and logs. After the logrolling came the brush burning, or “woods burning” to further clear the land. This life is described, followed by the good times they had at a feast, after the work was done. Songs include “In the Evening,” “Nicodemus” and “Liza Jane.”
Bash’s story begins when the only way letters were delivered was in a sack of mail throw on the corner table of a coffee house, to be picked up, perhaps, by the owner or his friend. Early envelopes, quill pens, sealing wax are shown, and then the first rides of the Post Riders, through difficult forest paths are described. The developments in various of the colonies add stories of letters passing from plantation to plantation, and of sheriffs empowered to commandeer horses and riders to deliver official papers. Then came the first paid postmaster, whose job it was to receive mail and see that it got to the proper addresses. Stagecoach delivery of mail ends the program, with a model of the famous Wells Fargo coach, and mention of the Pony Express. Songs include “Green & Yellow Basket,” “Cotton Eye’d Joe” and “Yankee Doodle.”
Bash describes the value and beauty of the timber of our country, and how it helps hold the soil, gives cover for the animals, and is a valuable crop. Then she goes on a film expedition to an actual forest fire, showing the fire racing up the hillsides, destroying a forest, being fought by bucket, shovel, and even by planes bombing with chemicals before the fire is put out. Songs include “Mr. Rabbitt” and “Frog Went a Courtin’.”
The program describes the kinds of housing the early settlers built, from the earliest lean-to type, hastily thrown together to protest the people as soon as they landed on these shores, on through the way they learned to make thatched roofs, then later cut logs for building. The use of handmade bricks, and the change of ways in making fireplaces from the original stick-covered-with-mud ones to brick ones follows in the story. The various ways of building sturdy walls by notching of logs in various patterns and cuts is shown. Songs include “The Tailor and the Mouse,” “Little Mohee,” and “Cockels and Mussels.”
Bash traces the development of drama and entertainment from the medieval days of acrobats at fairs, to the present. She demonstrates use of early puppets and marionettes, speaks of the troubadours and minstrels, and describes the pantomimes of the Harlequin and Columbines. The Lillian Patterson dancers assist in presenting the pictures through dance and acrobatics, and Bash ends the program by taking a very modern merry-go-round ride. Songs are “The Little Marionette” and “Jumping Jack.”
Bash takes a trip to the mountains to watch a man make shakes for roofs, in the same manner that shakes were made when the first house were settled. The method hasn’t changed, except for the use of power saws instead of chopping with an axe. The skakemaker fells an 85-foot sugarpine tree, then with wedges and saws, reduces it to shakes for roofing homes. He demonstrates how he uses the same tools which have been in use for hundreds of years, and how carefully he measures and splits the shakes to make even roofs. Songs include “Hush Little Baby” and “Knick Knack.”
Bash talks about the real pirates who operated in American waters in the early days. Stories of the exploits of Captain Kidd, Blackbeard, and others describe the kind of life the pirates led as they traveled on the high seas, and the various operations of pirates and privateers. The hazards of sailing with a fully lade ship, with pirates waiting off the coast to take the vessel were a very real and exciting part of the early-day sailing ships. The ballads of “Golden Vanity” and “Henry Martin” describe in song the activities of pirates.
Explains that a major problem of jet propulsion is increasing the speed of the expanding gas in the jet engine. Shows how the speed is increased by the addition of heat, more gas,and heavier molecules. Points out that there is no limit tot he speed that gas will move through the end of propulsion chambers if a material can be obtained that will stand the increased temperature. (New Mexico College of A.& M.A.) Film.
Shows geographical features and physical characteristics of the seashore, and its more common inhabitants. Uses film clips and still photographs to explain the tidal cycle. Discusses the problems of survival faced by marine animals. Presents live specimens and filmed sequences of common seashore animals including sea anemones, starfish, snails, barnacles, and crabs. (KCTS) Kinescope.
Introduces the subject of Japanese Brush Painting. Explains the use of the brush painting materials. Discusses the Japanese approach to art. Artist-host T. Mikami paints samples of the subjects to be covered in the series. (KQED) Kinescope.
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Discusses the Standing Committee, functions of the Committee system, and the role of the majority and minority leaders in congress. Presents opinions on seniority and the selection of committee members and officers. Features Dr. John T. Dempsey, Professor of Political Science, University of Detroit, and members of Congress. (WYES-TV) Film and kinescope.
Presents a highly condensed version of Russian history since the eve of World War I through the eyes of the "average Ivan" who has lived through this period. Discusses the initial period of capitalism, the collective farm movement, the great purges of the 1930's, the first Five Year Plans, the lack of consumer goods, the bitterness of World War II, and the Cold War. Illustrates each of these phases of Russian history with Russian periodicals and pictures. (Center for Mass Communication) Film.
Examines new concepts of the word "fuel." Discusses and shows the atomic fuels uranium, plutonium, and thorium. Explains what atomic fuels are and where they are found. Describes the use of "magic metals" zirconium, beryllium, and halfium, in conjunction with atomic fuels.
Reviews the characteristics and types of operas of various periods and suggests ways of developing more public interest in opera. Points out reasons for public opposition to opera and how opera might be made available to more people. States that because of the small demand for talented youth there is a waste of musical talent in America. (Univ. Calif. Ext.) Film.
Popper paces the series well as he goes into a discussion of the composer, Mozart. He points out Mozart’s versatility, saying that he composed symphonies, piano concertos, chamber music, church music and opera. Here again Popper spends a great deal of time at his own piano, now leaning forward to make some point, now letting his hands run gently over the keys as he talks.
There are many reasons why Americans are inclined to shy away from opera, and some of those reasons are good ones, says Dr. Jan Popper as he introduces opera to the layman. But, he points out, there is opera for every taste – from the Spanish dances of Bizet to the serenity of Wagner and to the languishing harmonies of Puccini. Thus this lively little Czech begins his discussion of opera, a discussion which is punctuated with demonstrations at the piano by the noted musician and by musical interjections form opera singers.
Presents a background of Verdi's life and discusses his early operatic productions, including Rigoletto. Discusses the characteristics of the Italian opera, describes Verdi's love for and his contribution to his country, and tells of his awakening interest in Shakespeare which later influenced some of his compositions.
Popper paces the series well as he goes into a discussion of the composer, Mozart. He points out Mozart’s versatility, saying that he composed symphonies, piano concertos, chamber music, church music and opera. Here again Popper spends a great deal of time at his own piano, now leaning forward to make some point, now letting his hands run gently over the keys as he talks.
Here was a man whose music was often misinterpreted, says Dr. Popper as he discusses the life and works of operatic composer Verdi. He tells how Verdi was influenced by Shakespeare and talks of his master work, “Rigoletto.” The program also features demonstrations of Verdi’s music.
Dr. Popper bares the life and works of another great composer, Wagner, as he continues on his journey through opera for the layman. Several vocal illustrations are included, and Dr. Popper again spends much of his time at the piano.
Tells how dolls were made by the pioneers. Explains how they used corn husks, dried fruit, and wax to make dolls. Host Bash Kennet sings "Ha Ha Thisaway", "Gogabie", "Buck Eye Jim".
Tells the story of the buffalo. Describes an Indian buffalo hunt. Discusses the buffalo's importance to the Indian and the settler. Explains how they provided food, clothing, and shelter.
Bash describes the manner in which the Indians marked the first pathways. She tells of the boot nailed to a tree which told postmen a settler lived nearby and wanted mail delivery. Singing “Big Rock Candy Mountain,” “I Know Where I’m Going” and “Wanderin.” Bash traces many landmarks.
Bash tells the story of Missouri, the settling of towns and the westward trails to Oregon and California via the Santa Fe Trail. She sings “Black-eyed Susie,” “Chisholm Trail,” “Shenandoah” and “Cockles and Mussels.”
Bash sings the “Nonsense Song,” “Wooly Boogie Bee,” “Old Dan Tucker” and “Jolly Old” in this program which tells of the specialized work of the wheelwright, cooper, smith and the ladder maker.
Shows and explains how a variety of marine animals are adapted to live on the open sandy, muddy, and grassy bottom of the sea. Points out their habits, habitats, and means of survival. Features underwater scenes of tube worms, starfish, crabs, clams, choral, the sting ray, turtle, sea hare, pygmy octopus, and others. Discusses briefly the part these creatures play in the "chain of life" in the sea.
Dozens of marine animals are shown in action in the natural habitats as Dr. John F. Storr explains the wonderful adaptations of sea creatures to their environment. With dramatic emphasis on devices for escaping physical damage by wily enemies or power of waves, Dr. Storr demonstrates the armor, camouflage, speed and agility of these animals.
Uses underwater photography to show how fish and other marine animals are adapted to move in varying environments. Illustrates how body shapes and fin types vary. Includes scenes of the giant tuna, hound fish, nurse shark, porpoise, sea turtle, Portuguese man-o'-war, angel fish and others.
Poindexter tells this Grimm fairy tale about an apprentice lad who starts for home with his wages and begins trading. He trades his gold for a horse, his horse for a cow, the cow for a pig, the pig for a goose, and so on, until he has nothing.
This is the first in a series of children’s program. Poindexter introduces his friend Mr. Raccoon, Miss Red Hen, The Princes and the Boy from “The Story that Never Ended,” the shoemaker from the story of “The Elves and the Shoemaker,” puppets from the “Grasshopper and the Ants,” the Gingerbread Boy, The Three Little Pigs, and many others. This program sets the scene for the story adventures ahead in this series.
Explains the research efforts of marine scientists in conserving the natural resources of the sea, increasing the productivity of the sea, and discovering new facts about the sea and the life within it. Visits Miami's Biscayne Bay to examine the waters and bottom to learn the effects of urban pollution on animal life; Boca Grande Pass to see marine biologists tagging and releasing huge game fish; and Everglades National Park where relatively primeval waters are examined to learn the kinds of animals now present.
Discusses the later works of Wagner and the conditions under which various of his operas were written. Describes the process of writing the Ring, ending with four complete works--Das Rheingold, Die Walkure, Siegfried, and Die Gotterdammerung. Demonstrates with piano and voice, portions of Wagner's two shorter works, Tristan and Isolde, and Die Meistersinger.
Describes Paris in the early 19th century and the operas written there by various composers and the beginning of individual French Operatic styles. Describes FAUST and CARMEN as the better known beginning works of French opera, presenting portions of each with piano and voice. (Univ. Calif. Ext.) Film.
Describes Paris in the early 19th century and the operas written there by various composers and the beginning of individual French Operatic styles. Describes FAUST and CARMEN as the better known beginning works of French opera, presenting portions of each with piano and voice. (Univ. Calif. Ext.) Film.
Explains National and Folk Opera, how it developed, and the prominent composers of various countries. Discusses and illustrates, with piano and voice, the music of various composers and demonstrates three popular folk dances typical of many national operas. (Univ. Calif. Ext.) Film.
Discusses contemporary opera, outlines the movements and more notable productions form various countries since World War I. Identifies the three idiomatic schools of contemporary writing--expressionistic, impressionistic, and neo-classical--and explains why each developed. Presents the story and contemporary work by Foss, JUMPING FROG OF CALAVERAS COUNTY. (University of California Ext.) film.
Discusses and explains Italian realistic opera and its major composers and their works. Gives a broad overview of the works of Puccini, illustrating with piano and voice, portions of La Boheme and Madame Butterfly. Points out that Italian realism began in 1890 when Mascagni completed his one-act opera, Cavalleria Rusticana. (Univ. Calif. Ext.) Film.
Hand puppets are used to tell the story of husband and wife who are visited by the Fairy Princess, disguised as an old woman. The husband and wife refuse to feed the Old Woman because their cupboard is bare and they are selfish. The Old Woman visits another peasant cottage, where a kinder husband and wife, beset by misfortune, offer to share their meager meal with the Old Woman.
Hand puppets tell the story of a colony of ants hard at work to store food for winter. Marry Ann Ant and Wilburforce are two young ants who hate to work and when the Grasshopper comes by with his funny musical instruments they want to stop and play. But the Queen Ant asks them to return to work and the Grasshopper goes off to play. Winter comes, and everyone is happy that they worked so hard to store food. The Ants find Mr. Grasshopper half-frozen in the snow and bring him in to get warm. The Queen orders him to work for his food by playing his musical instruments so that they can dance.
Discusses the characteristics of the operetta, how it emerged out of various opera types in the 18th century, and summarizes the more important works and their composers. Highlights the operettas of Gilbert and Sullivan, and presents a vocal duet from the Mikado. Describes the productions of Johann Strauss and explains why his music is still favored today. (Univ. Calf. Ext.) Film.
Ella's new stepmother discharges all the servants and forces Ella to wait on her and her two stepsisters and to sleep on the cinders. Ella's name is then changed to Cinder-Ella. When the Prince has a grand ball, Cinderella is not allowed to go. But her fairy godmother appears, giving her a beautiful coach, a beautiful new dress for the ball.
Two Eyes, the prettiest and sweetest sister is mistreated by her mother and sisters and never gets enough to eat. Her fairy godmother tells her that her pet goat is magic and if she will say a magic rhyme she will have all the food she wants. Realizing that Two Eyes is eating better than they, the two sisters learn her secret and the goat is killed. Two Eyes then buries the goat's heart by the door step and a gold and silver fruit tree appears. When the Prince comes by and asks for some fruit only Two Eyes can pick it for him. When he learns of her cruel treatment, he takes her to his castle to be his bride.
Curator Wilkinson returns on this program to present the story of the Nomad Scythians who ranged the Russian plains during the Sixth Century BC. Exhibits include examples of Scythian metal work, which was extremely avant-garde for that day. Discussion emphasizes the inventiveness, imaginativeness, and other cultural characteristics of these ancestors of the Russians.
Reports on excavations concluded at Nimrud, Iraq. Emphasizes the bronze gates, now in the British Museum, that were originally located in Balavat, near Nimrud. Points out that recent discoveries have shed light on various facets of ancient Assyrian civilization. (NYU) Kinescope.
Discusses the revolutionary reign of King Akhnaton in Egypt, 1400 B.C. Emphasizes his attempt to establish monotheism and to direct Egyptian death. Considers, also, the change in painting and sculpture from ritualistic forms to realism. (NYU) Kinescope.
Discusses the correspondence between ancient kings of the Middle Eastern countries. The letters were recently discovered in the Egyptian village of El-Amarna, and they deal with problems of money, with intrigues, and with marriage settlements. (NU) Kinescope.
Brotherhood Week provides the Youth Forum programs numbers 6 and 7 with an opportunity to discuss the question of prejudice. Program number 6 brings together students from Norway, England, Ethiopia and Pakistan, who ask each other such questions as: What is the origin of prejudice? What are some of the more common prejudices? Is there any cure for prejudice? What is being done about education and the eradication of Prejudice in Kenya, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Norway, the United States? The panelists draw on their experiences at home and in America to analyze various aspects of this topic. Participants: Peter Goulden, England; Nils Harboe, Norway; Nalini Nail, India; and Bizuayenu Agonafir, Ethiopia.
During the first thirty-odd-years of the young nation’s independent existence, despite the fact that it had political freedom, the USA found itself most unpleasantly and generally quite inextricably involved in Old World affairs. The Young USA was snubbed first and then bullied by England; it was treated patronizingly and then double crossed by France; for a time it was pushed around by Spain and even bedeviled by the tiny Barbary states of North Africa. These were painful, exasperating, humiliating years. More and more it became painfully evident to the Young USA that there are times in international life when war becomes the only alternative to national dishonor and humiliation. The choice of the adversary, which might have been France quite as much as Britain, was in large measure resolved by pressures from the West. The “war hawks” wanted to fight England in order to have a chance to settle old scores and justification for taking Canada. The War of 1812 was not exactly a glorious venture. Poorly prepared and her armies badly led, the young nation was lucky to come out of it unscathed. Nothing was lost, but nothing was really settled.
Like the young lad who decided to leave home to start out on his own, the Young USA found that independence brought problems of its own, along with responsibilities and many terrifying challenges. First, there was the problem of organizing a central government which could mold thirteen sovereign commonwealths into a truly United States. The Articles of Confederation experiment failed because it denied the Central Government the necessary strength to enforce its laws. Then a fortuitous chain of meetings and discussion ultimately led to the gathering in Philadelphia of May 1787, out of which came the remarkable Constitution. After eleven years the bitterly contested ratification was complete and the first stage of the so-called “critical period” was passed.
The Nation chose one of its greatest all-time citizens, Washington, to guide the country through the first important years. Washington and his cabinet and the Congress set sound precedents and proved the workability of the government that the new Constitution had blueprinted. That men should read the blueprint differently was inevitable. Strong leaders like Hamilton and Jefferson differed in their conception of the government, but each man and each group of followers must share much of the credit for the successes achieved in the second stage of the “critical period.” The Constitution was working, and there was no reason to think that the change of management which the election of 1800 promised would affect the process.
In this final program, all twenty-five previous participants in the Herald Tribune Youth Forum meet with Mrs. Waller to sum up their experiences in the United States, and their thoughts and hopes as they prepare to return to their homes. The difficulties of reconciling new American ideas and techniques with older, or different traditions, the ways in which this new information can be used to help the home country, the hopes for future and continuing communication and understanding between people of various countries and cultures form the subject of this conclusion to the series.
This program addresses westward expansion. The first westward movement took the pioneers across the Appalachians into Kentucky and Tennessee, then to the Ohio country. Gradually, several new states in the Old Northwest were built. Here, two important pieces of national legislation were put on trial: the Land Ordinance of 1785 became the basis for federal land policies for decades, and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 set the pattern by which new territories could move through progressive stages to statehood.
This series, aired from 1954 through 1958, is built around the annual New York Herald Tribune World Youth Forum, which hosts approximately thirty foreign high school students from around the world in the US. The World Youth Forum features the high school students discussing problems of concern to America and the world. Discussions are presided over by Mrs. Helen Hiet Waller, World Youth Forum Director, with a maximum of encouragement to free expression. In this program from 1956, students from Finland, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Vietnam discuss whether American children have too much freedom.
To introduce four students - Adolfo Jose Crosa of Argentina, Rafia Ayub of Pakistan, Kaarina Honkapohja of Finland and Nii Tetteh-Churu Quao of Ghana- to the United States, and the United States to the Forum as these students represent it, the group and Mrs. Helen Hiatt Waller discuss the following questions: What ideas did they have about America before they came? Where did they get these ideas? How useful or accurate were the sources? Have they changed their opinions since they have arrived? What idea does the rest of the world have about the character and beliefs of Americans? What difference does a form of government make to the people who live under it? What are the relative advantages and disadvantages to democracies and dictatorships? Personal experience in each of these fields, as well as general ideas shared by all, combine to provide the Herald Tribune Youth Forum series with a lively opening.
Tells the story of an imaginary cross-country trip in a covered wagon. Explains the preparation for the trip. Describes the difficulties encountered on such a journey. (KQED) Kinescope.
This program in the series is a singing survey of America at work, play, in love and the songs of the children. Bash sings some of her favorites including “Liza Jane,” “Prisoner of Life,” “Every Night When the Sun Goes In,” “The Fox,” “The Riddle Song,” “Dig My Grave,” “If I Had a Ribbon Bow,” “Hullabaloo Belay” and “The Titanic.”
Bash describes the rugged life aboard an early day sailing vessel … the various chores of the crews, and the romance of sailing to faraway ports in search of cargoes. On film, Bash goes aboard the ship Blaclutha, showing the rigging, the tall masts, how the sailors climbed to the yardarms, and how they paced around the capstan, to pull up the heavy anchor chain. She visits the crew’s quarters, and demonstrates the various kinds of “scrimshaw,” the sailors’ handiwork of carving whalebone, knotting ropes for decoration, and making model ships.
The interesting development of roads, from a path through the forest which a horse could scarcely travel, on through the building of the roads which led westward, and which were used by the huge Conestoga Wagons for hauling freight. A model of the Conestoga Wagon is shown, and models of the various kings of roads, those made of logs, those of boards, and later the McAdam Road. The building of the Cumberland Road is described, and the life which centered around those who used the roads depicted. The early toll road is mentioned, and a tie-in made with the Turnpike of today. Song material includes, “Goin’ Down the Road Feelin’ Bad,” “On Top of Old Smoky,” and “Low-Backed Car.”
Bash starts at the earliest meetings of groups of people, the church festival, and traces the development of gatherings on through the country fairs. The camp meetings of the Methodists give rise to the well-known rollicking song, “Methodist Pie.” The custom of bringing goods that were grown on the individual farm, and taking the family to the fair, to see new things, to buy things, and to meet with friends develops in to the country fair, with its gay decorations, its amusements, and its fund of knowledge. Contests are described, such as the athletic events of running and jumping and shooting, which the young men practiced, and the Patterson dance group dances to the song, “Camptown Races,” as they show how the sulkies sped around the track behind the trotting horses.
Huston Smith interviews Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt in New York City and Harold Stassen in Philadelphia on what we are really seeking in our diplomacy. They answer that our aim is to build a peaceful world of independent and prospering democracies. They explore ways to do this.
Presents a visit to Windowrock, Arizona, to interview members of the Navaho Tribes Council. Discusses the problems of working within the tribal organizational patterns and of the continuing force of tradition. Questions are answered concerning education, agriculture, religion, and the adaptions to be made in light of modern science and new social values.
Huston Smith interviewers Harold Stassen in Philadelphia and Dr. and Mrs. Walt Rostow of MIT in Cambridge about our posture toward our foremost adversary. Is coexistence possible? What are Russia’s intentions and how should we meet them? Can we hope that Russia will change with the passing of time? Can we do anything to assist a change?
Huston Smith visits Paul Hoffman, in New York City, first director of the Marshall Plan, and, in Cambridge, John Kenneth Galbraith and Paul Samuelson, professors at Harvard and MIT, to discuss foreign aid. Is it, as some say, “operation rat-hole,” or a vital part of our foreign policy? What do we expect to accomplish by means of it, and how should we proceed?
Huston Smith visits Professor John Kenneth Galbraith of Harvard and Professor Paul Samuelson of MIT to discuss the American economy: how it compares with that of other nations, problems it faces, and what should be done about these. Special attention is given to the question of why a nation so rich in things (cars, homes, and TV sets) is relatively so poor in services (teachers, police, social workers, mental hospitals).
Huston Smith interviews Professor Mark Van Doren in Greenwich Village, New York City, and Dr. William Ernest Hocking atop a New Hampshire mountain, to discuss American education with them. How does it compare with education in other countries? What kind of education do we want? Whom do we want to educate? For how long? For what purpose?
Huston Smith interviews Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt in New York City and, in Cambridge, Dr. and Mrs. Walt Rostow of MIT, on our relations with our Western Allies. Are they an asset or an embarrassment? Is the alliance as it should be; if not, why not, and what might be done to improve it?
Huston Smith journeys to the South to explore two radically different positions concerning race in America. In Little Rock, Harry Ashmore, Pulitzer Prize winning editor of the Arkansas Gazette, outlines the liberal position; in Jackson, Mississippi, William Simmons, editor of the Citizens’ Council, explains the conservative viewpoint.
Huston Smith continues his journey through the South exploring “America’s most agonizing problem,” the problem of race. Having talked last week to white spokesmen of varying persuasions, he turns this week to the way Negroes look at the problem. His consultants are Dr. Benjamin Mays, President of Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia and Charles Burton, Assistant County, Greenville, Mississippi.
Tells the story of the deserted city of Columbia, California, one of the key Gold Rush towns in the 1850's. Describes the life and profession of people who went there seeking gold. Shows the old buildings and objects the people used at that time.
Tells of the importance of corn to the settlers. Explains how the Indians helped the settlers plant corn and their methods of cultivation. Shows the participation of Indian children in planting, grinding, and keeping birds away from the corn fields.
Bash describes the difference in the way people shopped in the early days, telling how traveling “Yankee Peddlers” brought things in their wagons from farm to farm, then how the old fashioned general store sprang up. Authentic objects from the past are displayed, form high button shoes, to early spectacles. All the flavor of the general store, with its cracker barrels, Franklin stove, and crowded counters comes alive on the set, and gives a picture of the life of the early communities. Songs include “Paper of Pins,” “The Keeper,” and “Jennie Jenkins.”
Surveys Jewish history as it relates to the Jewish religion. Points out the conviction of the Jewish people that every man has the right of justice, purity, and truth, which even the power of kings cannot erase. Discusses belief of the Jews that they are "the chosen people" and must rise above situations since they were elected, not to special privilege, but to special responsibility. Outlines the concept of the Jewish people that even though suffering, they will have learned more deeply the meaning of freedom and justice. Features Dr. Huston Smith, associate professor of philosophy at Washington University.
Presents filmed lecture of Dr. Huston Smith describing the religion founded by Mohammed as one of precision and orderliness in which the believers must submit themselves to God. Points out differences between the Bible and the Koran and tells the story of how Islam and the Koran were formed. Explains the elements of the "straight path" as the way to salvation.
Presents the story of Laotzu and his book The Way of Life. Discusses the basic concept of Taoism--creative quietude. Characterizes this belief as one which does not favor competition, but rather allows man to seek his own level with his fellow men and with nature.
Presents filmed lecture of Dr. Huston Smith outlining the five great religious practices of Islam--a creed, praying, charity, observance of the holy month, and the pilgrimage to Mecca. Highlights the teachings in the Koran as they pertain to economics, sex, and the use of force. Notes that Islam is gaining in popularity as a religion.
Discusses Christianity not only as ideology, but also as a historical religion, focusing upon Jesus. Surveys the human aspects of Jesus, and contrasts standards of values in the world with the teachings of Christ.
