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Bash tells the romance crossing streams and takes a film trip to see some historic covered bridges which are still in use. Covered bridges had many unusual features including the special toll charge for shoveling snow into the inside for the sleighs to pass on in winter. Bash tells how, fitted together with wooden pins, often they floated downstream intact in floods. Songs include “London Bridge" and "Red River Valley".
Bash tells of fishing in New England, where the fishermen fished close to the shore at first and then went all the way to the Grand Banks in their small craft. Examples of the ways in which various fish are caught includes the lobster trap, the use of lines or purse seine nets and the use of dredge nets. Songs include “Sarah,” “Hulla Baloo Belay” and “Crawdad.”
Most children have been off on a trip with their families and this time Bash takes them on a camping trip where, on film, the sleep on the ground, hike in the mountains and fish in trout streams. The work seem like play on a trip, and Bash discusses the friendly atmosphere of working together and playing together. Of course, no trip is complete without a campfire at night where everyone shares songs and learns new ones. Bash includes several camping favorites: “Dig My Grave,” “Hey Ho, Nobody Home,” “Camping Trail” and sings by the campfire.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the limits of predictability. Illustrates the nature of what is knowable and unknowable with the use of a swinging compound pendulum and an explanation of various properties of electrons. Points out how strict causality has been replaced with the concept of probability. (KQED) Film.
Bash tells us that there were no clocks or watches aboard the Mayflower and that the watch was invented after the first settlers in America had landed. The history of mechanical methods to tell time is told by Bash from the marking of shadows by the sundial through early water clocks, notched candles on to the developments of clocks. Songs include “Dillar A Dollar,” “Grandfather’s Clock” and “Dublin City.” The Lillian Patterson dance group performs in this program.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand illustrates the "laws of chance" or "probability." Discusses fallacies of what is "normal" and "abnormal." Points out the variability of human beings by discussing the "average man." Emphasizes limitations in what can be predicted. (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the forces that differentiate species of molecules. Reviews briefly the structure and nature of atoms and molecules. Illustrates different factor affecting the solubility of gases, liquids, and solids in water and other liquids. (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand explains how the results of observation and experiment can be illustrated with models. Demonstrates with models of crystal and molecules. Tells how models help in understanding phenomena and suggest mathematical relationships. Points out popular but defective models and theories. (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the laws of men and nature. Provides examples of conservation of mass and energy. Explains the gas laws and how gases behave. Defines "principles" and "rules" and how they differ from "laws." (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand explains why natural "laws" tell how things may be expected to act. Provides examples using the gas laws. Uses a film sequence of molecular action. Tells how explanations of natural "laws" result in "concepts" leading to comprehensive theories. (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the importance of scientific forecasting. Compares forecasting through astrology, palmistry, "Laws of average," and the "business cycle" with the scientific methods of valid theory and statistical evaluation. (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand reviews the important concepts of the preceding programs through questions and answers. Touches briefly on such concepts as the "law of survival," "law of averages," intelligence, and the criteria of scientific judgement. (KQED) Film.
The importance of Sunday customs in the southern part of the country is described. The activities of the week, the tilling of the fields, the house chores, the sewing and gardening all came to a climax looking forward to Sunday. The families met at church, where the men and women then planned get-togethers for the afternoon. Of course, food was all-important, huge spreads of hams, yams, two-story biscuits, etc. At the meal, a house-raising is discussed, and the custom of helping neighbors to build a house is pictured. Songs include “Way Down Yonder in the Paw Patch,” “I’m Just a Poor Wayfarin’ Stranger,” and “Mr. Banjo.”
The program begins with the days following the Civil War, when men first drove cattle westward to the range lands of the southwest, where only the buffalo had grazed before. The importance of meat to the country is shown, and the development of great herds, which roamed the open unfenced country until it was later settled and fenced. The life of the cowboy, the reason for his wearing his particular costume, chaps, kerchief, sombrero, is explained. Bash tells tales of the cowboy’s job herding, branding, and also driving the cattle on the long trek up the trails to market and shipping centers. Songs include “Cowboy’s Dreams,” “The Chisholm Trail,” and a lively dance is done to “Cindy” when the cowboys reach town.
After looking at the first railroad engine, the Tom Thumb, and the De Witt Clinton, and seeing an engine in a race with a horse, wherein the horse won, Bash climbs aboard a real engine of the early days, and has a ride. She shows how the engine worked, and even mounts to the cab to throw wood in the firebox, and handle the throttle. The engine is the “Genoa, #12,” of the Virginia & Truckee Railroad, which hauled millions of dollars’ worth of gold from the Comstock Lode in Nevada. Songs include “Puffer Belly,” “Casey Jones,” and “Little Red Caboose.”
Early use of rivers is described, form the Indian canoe of hollowed log to the flatboats and keelboats of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Bash tells of the importance of water transportation, of families building flatboats and traveling down the currents with even their cows and chickens aboard, and she shows the ways the keelboats were propelled upstream by sweeps and by men with tow ropes walking along the banks. Cargoes of wheat, corn, animal skins and log rafts are related in their importance to the lives of the people. Songs include “Sewanee River,” “Shenandoah,” and “Old Woman.”
Uses demonstrations to explain how levers work. Illustrates with a seesaw, hammer, and screw driver. Shows how levers make the lifting of heavy objects easier. (WCET) Kinescope.
This program deals with the inclined plane and Uncle Wonder uses this to get the plants from the greenhouse floor to the table top. Through art-work and demonstrations he discusses the principle that while the inclined plane makes us go farther, it makes our work much easier.
Uses Demonstrations to explain echoes and how the ear functions. Tells how sound can bounce to produce an echo. Stresses ear care. Discusses how and why animals ears are shaped as they are. Shows how to make a harp out of rubber bands. (WCET) Kinescope.
Uses demonstrations to explain principles of light. Shows why there is daylight and darkness. Discusses speed and reflection of light. (WCET) Kinescope.
This program deals with water pressure. Uncle Wonder shows the various experiments that water has weight and that water exerts pressure in all directions. He shows why there is more water pressure at the bottom of the lake or can of water than anywhere else. He also explains that dams are thicker at the bottom than at the top because they must hold back more pressure at the bottom.
Continues the discussion of liquid air by explaining its physical and chemical properties. Points out the density and boiling point of the components of liquid air. Illustrates the effect of liquid air on lead and mercury. Demonstrates that liquid air is a rich source of oxygen. (KQED) Film.
Changes in nature are classed as either physical or chemical changes. Examples of both types of changes are shown. Simple chemical reactions such as the burning of magnesium and phosphorous are demonstrated. Other, more complicated reactions include those of the decomposition and double displacement type.
Uses laboratory experiments to illustrate the action of catalysts. Demonstrates with the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, solution of zinc in hydrochloric acid, and the burning of a sugar cube. Points out the commercial uses of catalysts. (KQED) Film.
Uses laboratory experiments to illustrate the properties of oxygen. Tells how oxygen was discovered and how it was named. Presents demonstrations of oxidation. Shows how oxygen is obtained from water by electrolysis. (KQED) Film.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain the process of polymerization: the formation of compounds in which chains of carbon atoms are linked together. Demonstrates the process with the making of polyethylene, bakelite, foam rubber, and rayon. Presents examples of polymers which occur naturally. (KQED) Film.
Uses Laboratory experiments to illustrate simple principles of chemistry used in the home. Defines and explains the difference between soap and detergent. Shows their role in cleaning. Demonstrates the softening of water, the effect of alkaline chemicals on cloth, and the cleaning of tarnished silver. (KQED) Film.
Uses laboratory experiments to illustrate the application of chemistry for industrial purposes. Explains the electric arc process, flotation, smoke elimination, electroplating, and the recovery of iodine from water. (KQED) Film.
Uses laboratory experiments to illustrate the size of atoms and molecules. Demonstrates the smallness of these particles by means of oil film on water and the passage of hydrogen through a clay cup. Shows models to point out the arrangement of atoms in forming molecules. Defines and explains molecular action.
Uses laboratory experiments to survey the field of organic chemistry. Tells why a whole field study is devoted to carbon and its compounds. Shows how carbon compounds differ from other compounds. Demonstrates properties of various compounds. (KQED) Film.
Explains the role of whole numbers in understanding the organization of the physical universe. Uses non-mathematical props, such as rock crystals, to point up the arithmetic nature of basic discoveries in science. Tells how whole numbers limit the knowable universe around us. Features Dr. Philippe LeCorbeiller, Professor of Applied Physics, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Uses charts, pictures, and specimens to explain how the geologist discovers what lies beneath the earth's surface. Shows how earthquakes provide information about the interior construction of the earth. Tells how examination of effects at the surface of the earth provides a picture of what lies below. Demonstrates and discusses the instruments used to provide knowledge upon which the geologist can theorize. Features Dr. Kirtley F. Mather, Professor of Geology, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Discusses the medical use of the isotope in understanding the chemistry of the body. Explores the advances in medicine made possible through nuclear energy. Explains radioisotopes and radioactive iodine. Demonstrates the cobalt machine at the Allegheny General Hospital in Pittsburgh.
Discusses the history and development of the first commercial atomic power station at Shippingport, Pennsylvania. Explains its inception, selection of the site, how it was built, and its contribution to future power stations, Compares the advantages, disadvantages and potential of a nuclear power plant and a regular public power station.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain catalytic actions. Demonstrates principles which govern catalysis. Explains the difference between organic and inorganic catalysis. Tells how man's conception of catalytic reactions has changed through the years. Features how man's conception of catalytic reactions has changed through the years. Features Dr. Leonard K. Nash, Professor of Chemistry, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Explains contrast as opposed to repetition or variation. Defines tonal contrast as modulation or change of tonality and harmonic contrast, or the off-setting of plain harmony by color-harmony. Illustrates with a selection from a Bach cantata. (WMSB-TV) Kinescope.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray reactions to human illness. Emphasizes detection, treatment, and acceptance of treatment methods of illness. Compares Americans, the Ojibwa Indians of Canada, and the Djuka Bush Negroes of Dutch Guiana. (KUHT) Film.
Uses dance routines and originally scored music to demonstrate cultural differences in early training of infants. Compares families of southern urban Negroes, the Manus of the Admiralty Islands, and the Hopi Indians of northern Arizona. Describes group objectives of early training, its impact upon the child's personality, and the end result of childhood training.
Watch a searchlight as it pierces heavy night clouds. Notice that you don’t see the beam of light, merely where it comes from: the face of the searchlight, reflections from the clouds or duct blocking the beam. In other words, the light beam itself is invisible. Beginning with a similar demonstration, Edwin C. Kemble shows the difficulty science has had in providing a wholly satisfactory theory of light. He uses a stroboscopically lighted tank to illustrate wave theory and high-voltage discharges to suggest the violence necessary to generate radiant energy with short wavelengths. The violent damage done by X-rays, gamma rays and ultra violet radiation leads Kemble to the corpuscular explanation of light. By an examination of cloud-chamber photographs, visibly recording action in the unseen world of atomic particles, Kemble reconciles the two theories. The yield of this revolutionary work is dramatic: no less than the discovery of a universal property of all forms of existence.
Continues the discussion of hypnosis from the preceding program, "HYPNOSIS." Explains hypnotism as an interpersonal reaction between the hypnotist and the subject. Points out how hypnotism functions in relation to sensitivity, anesthesia, action, rigidity, amnesia, hypermnesia, contradiction, and post-hypnotic suggestion. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Presents optical illusions and demonstrations to show how people see what they see. Discusses the effect of projection, relativity, association, and optical illusions in seeing. Explains the relationship of the eyes to the brain in organizing experience.
Demonstrates that intelligence is the most significant criterion of differences between people. Points out how I.Q. varies with socio-economic status and education. Cites research on man's productivity. Describes the relationship of personality to body-build. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Compares the reactions of Americans, the Manus of the Admiralty Islands, and the Kiriwina if the Trobriand Islands when exposed to the crisis of human birth. Uses dance routines and originally scored music to portray cultural differences in the selection of the birth place, the reactions of husband and wife, and the way a child is delivered. (KUHT) Film.
Employs dance routines and originally scored music to portray differences in marriage rituals of three societies. Emphasizes the basic motive behind the selection of marriage partners, the rituals that join them, and the values that guide their relationships. Compares Americans, the Bantu of Africa, and the Muria of India.
Explains how an understanding of pure science can lead to applied science. Demonstrates this relationship by reviewing a theory of heath and how it led to a number of inventions: smokeless fireplaces, new types of stoves, pressure cookers, and drip-style coffee pots. Features Dr. Sanborn C. Brown, Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
Discusses imitative polyphony as a basic principle of musical structure. Illustrates two types of composition which use imitative polyphony as the structural principle, namely, the sixteenth century motet and the fugue as heard in Handel's Messiah. (WMSB-TV) Kinescope.
The delegates discuss Britain's reaction to "the United States' humiliation in its satellite rivalry with the USSR" and what America is famous for in each of the representatives' countries.
In this program Uncle Wonder uses a gram scale and weighs the air in a basketball. He also shows that air has weight by balancing two balloons, one at each end of a stick, and breaking one of them, the other naturally falls to the table.
Bash Kennett shows some of the things which fascinated children of other times, taking a trip to see some dolls, stereopticons, books and bicycles of early periods which grandfather may have enjoyed as a boy. Songs include “The Devil’s Nine Questions” and “This A’Way.”
