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In this episode, Dr. Smith, Jr., examines the meaning of "correctness" and the importance of "rules" in grammar. Points out the difference between literary and spoken language. Discusses the four types of stress used in speaking: primary, secondary, tertiary, and weak. Shows how the preceding factors affect the learning of a foreign language.
Discusses the area of general semantics. Develops the idea that one's language determines the limits of one's world. Illustrates the way in which undifferentiated reactions to words leads to a communications deadlock. (KQED) Film.
Uses a family discussion and a series of cartoons to explain who pays for price supports under the different kinds of programs. Explains the impact of alternative programs. (Agrafilms, Inc.) Film.
Uses a family discussion and a series of cartoons to explain the farm surplus problem. Illustrates how and why surpluses arise. Provides alternatives which might solve the problem. (Agrafilms, Inc.) Film.
Rabi and Viereck join Louis Lyons to discuss the freedom of the individual with their emphasis on the scientist and the artist. They agree there is no great cause for concern over the freedom today of the scientist or artist in terms of the freedoms and that they gain these freedoms through laws which bind them in their own professions. Included in the program is a spirited debate on scientific achievement and the necessity to combat mass determination of taste, particularly in the mass communications. Guests are Isidor I. Rabi, Higgins Professor of Physics, Columbia University; Nobel Prize winner in physics, 1944 and Peter Viereck, poet, professor of history, Mount Holyoke College; Pulitzer poet, 1949.
Discusses United States foreign policy. Presents viewpoints concerning the relationship of foreign policy to military policy. Questions the possibility of atomic war. Concludes that the most important problem today is the use of force. Featured guests are Mr. Hans J. Morgenthau, University of Chicago, and Mr. S.L.A. Marshall, Editorial Writer for the Detroit News. (WOSU-TV) Film.
Discusses religion as a force of individual freedom. Stresses the theses that the family is the core of freedom and freedom can be found only in obedience. Featured guests are the Reverend John Courtney Murray, S.J., Woodstock College, the Right Reverend Stephan J. Bayne, JR., Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Olympia, Washington, and Barbara Ward, Editor of THE ECONOMIST. (WOSU-TV) Film.
Discusses liberty as a changeable concept, the "climate"for liberty, and threats to freedom. Stresses individual responsibility to institutions, community, and government. Featured guests are Mr. Paul Hoffman, United States delegate to the United Nations General Assembly, and Dr. Clinton L. Rossiter, Professor of Government, Cornell University. (WOSU-TV) Film.
Because “Robbie” the cartoonist for Fignewton’s Newspaper is ill, Fignewton asks Brushy, Linda, Skip and Susie-Q to draw the cartoon illustrations. They draw pictures of where to play and where not to play in the community.
When Skip learns it is time for the children at school to have their shots, he decides to hide and miss the shots. The others decide that he can’t join them in their later fun if he is going to be ill because he didn’t look after his health.
Fignewton’s Newspaper is conducting an art contest, which in part consists of having the children guess the titles of well-known paintings and guess how other art objects are made.
Presents principles of good staging for the panel and interview types of television programs. Points out common errors of staging and demonstrates methods to be used in good program staging. Suggests ways to make the most of available props and how to create general utility props at modest cost. Features Verne Weber.
Presents a debate on the problem of radioactive fallout from nuclear tests and the advisability of nuclear disarmament. Debates such pertinent questions as : "Does radioactive fallout from nuclear tests present a formidable danger to present and future generations?", "Will nuclear disarmament affect national security?", "Is continued testing necessary to insure future development of nuclear power for peaceful uses?" Features Dr. Edward Teller, Professor of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, and Dr. Linus Pauling, Professor of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology. (KQED) Kinescope.
Describes and compares the extent and variety of American business with other countries. Appraises the importance of imports to the American economy and of our exports to the economies of other countries. Explains the trade story through the use of blocks.
Explains that Wellmet House attempts to rehabilitate the mentally ill not by gaining conforming behavior but by helping them relate to other people in natural and unstructured ways. Points out that half of the residents are mentally ill and the other half are college students from nearby universities who staff Wellmet House. Emphasizes the need for each patient to find individual expression. Shows patients and staff at dinner, parties, the local pub, and a house meeting.
Discusses the problem of meteorite damage during space travel. Demonstrates the Navy's full-pressure space suit for emergency exit. Explains the difficulties of escape and survival in space. Features Captain Charles F. Gell of the Naval Air Material Center in Philadelphia, and Dr. Fritz Haber of Avco Manufacturing Corporation.
Bash describes whaling and the life of a whale. She tells of harpooning the mammal and uses of whale oil. Songs include "Sarah the Whale" and "Greenland Fishery."
Tonal and rhythmic change of character develop from the manipulation of the basic “kernel” of motivation. Dr. Jones also analyzes the simple ternary form from Beethoven to illustrate thematic variation or development of themes.
Dr. Jones, in this program, explains the tremendous expansion of the basic ternary scheme into “sonata-form” and illustrates some of the simpler means of thematic development in sonata and symphonic movements based on this plan. There are, he indicates, no limits to the skillful manipulation of themes in the hands of masters of thematic development like Bach, Beethoven and Brahms.
Uses laboratory experiments to explain how a new theory in science replaces an old one. Relates the method used by Count Rumford to disprove the caloric theory of heat. Features Dr. Sanborn Brown, Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.
In this program, Dr. Jones illustrates textural contrast, i.e., the setting of passages of homophonic texture against polyphonic passages in the same composition, with examples from Palestrina, Bach and Handel. Thematic contrast is explained as the juxtaposition of themes of contrasting characters in somewhat the manner of conflict in drama.
In this discussion, Dr. Jones explains thatternary form is the repetition of an opening section of a composition after further development of the theme. This repetition brings the opening in to a relationship of tension with the rest of the piece since it closes or completes the structure, which would collapse without the repetition.
The motive is the core, kernel or “single cell” of a piece of music, according to Dr. Jones. This basic musical symbol is made meaningful by reiteration, which is motivic repetition. Illustrations are presented from Bach, Beethoven, Debussy and Stravinsky.
Bash tells of the new state's mountains, tundra and the cities on the coast. She tells of the modern farmer, salmon fishing, mining and the Eskimos. Her songs include "Greenland Fishery," "Sacramento," and "Jennie Jenkins."
Bash Kennett tells of the early American glassmakers, showing rare pieces made by Baron Stiegel, Caspar Wistar, Amelung and others. She describes the method of glassmaking, uses the glass throughout our history, the invention of the mass-produced bottle and the modern use of glass. Songs include “Devil’s Nine Questions” and “Ghost of Bisal.”
The importance of men who have learned to work with wood is Bash’s theme in this program. She tells of early settlers who had to do their own building and carving with crude tools. Through film, she then introduces a modern carpenter who demonstrates the use of a collection of historic tools, including one which was used to make wagon spokes. Songs include “Polly Put the Kettle On” and “Ham and Eggs.”
Bash takes a film expedition to a fish hatchery and shows the pools where fish are raised. She shows close-ups of a giant rainbow trout and goes with the hatchery truck to plant fish in the river. She walks down a stream to watch a boy fishing and then tells of the importance of natural wildlife in the past and today. Songs include “Irene” and “Long, Long Trail."
Tells the story of farm life in early America. Explains how the farmer once raised his own animals and used them for the many things he needed. Visits a farm to see farm animals. (KQED) Kinescope.
The story of money is one of a way of life, says Bash in this program. Money was not always coin or paper notes. There were many things which early pioneers could use to buy things. In Virginia, they used tobacco; in South Carolina, rice; Indians used shells and beads; trappers of the North could buy a gun with furs, and the man of New England used fish or timber for payment. Songs include “Sixpence,” “When I Was Single” and “Ribbon Bow.”
Host Bash Kennett describes the danger of fire aboard the clipper ships. Visits the San Francisco Bay's "Phoenix" fire boat, which is shown docked next to the Hills Brothers Coffee Company, and presents a demonstration of how the boat pumps water. Explains fire control in modern ships and discusses the important role of firemen who work in this role. Includes a performance of the traditional "I Grieve My Lord".
Describes the various groups of settlers that came to this country and founded colonies. Tells of the first French, English, Dutch, Swedish, and Spanish settlers. Discusses their lives, homes, and food.
This program begins before there were any schools in this country. Families taught their children at night after the chores were finished and in some cases a master craftsman taught young apprentices to read and write after work. The one room school house is recreated and the difficulties of supplies for classes are discussed. The Lillian Patterson dancers intersperse dances showing the play and games of early days. Songs include “Pretty Saro,” “Mary Had a Little Lamb,” “I Got Wings,” “Did You Ever See a Lassie,” “Little Sally Waters” and “As We Have done Before.”
Bash takes a trip to an old general store, driving up in a buggy as the early settler might have done. In the store she shops for old-time items and tells of their uses. She gets coffee from a big red coffee grinder and her meat is chopped in an old-fashioned hand cranked meat chopper. The stove and the “TV of the early day,” the stereopticon, are observed. Songs include “Blue Tail Fly” and “Bought Me a Cat.”
Bash talks about the brave men who have sailed small boats into the open ocean in search of fish from earliest times. They risk their lives and gamble their fortunes in these ventures. Bash takes a film trip to Fisherman’s Wharf to watch the mending of nets, the bustle of preparation and to see the fishing boats return to unload their catch of fish and crabs. Songs include “Blow the Man Down” and “Goodbye My Lover, Goodbye.”
The hat you wear tells much about where you live, what kind of life you lead and what the climate is, says Bash in this program. Hats can be fun and in this program the story of hats is started with the earliest head coverings used in ancient times. Songs include “Jennie Jenkins,” “Soldier and the Lady,” “Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat” and “He’s Gone Away.”
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the role of the scientist in society. Indicates why a broad acquaintance with science is essential for the educated man. (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the future of scientific endeavor and the qualities which help make a scientist. Explains why the young person interested in science should possess curiosity, imagination, drive, and a critical sense. Points out the necessity of an education in mathematics and the other basic subjects. (KQED) Film.
Dr. Joel Hildebrand discusses the scientific method and how it is used. Points out that science is based on observable facts. Illustrates how complete reliance on the physical senses can be deceiving. Explains the development and use of instruments to measure impressions and quantities man cannot see, hear, or feel. (KQED) film.
The story is one of the most significant and exciting in the whole history of science. It started with the “impractical” observation of a line in the solar spectrum with no then-known earthly counterpart. With guest, Captain Albert R. Behnke of the United States Navy, Dr. Hildebrand traces the unfolding story through discoveries of vast scientific value to applications in aeronautics, deep diving, and high altitude flying. In summary, Dr. Hildebrand discusses the revelation of the source of the sun’s energy and the possibility of obtaining inexhaustible supplies of energy to serve the needs to men.
The excitement of the Gold Rush is in this show; the feverish travel across the country to find treasure, and the life of the prospectors. Bash shows the methods of mining with rocker and with gold pan, and then goes on film to visit Columbia, California, where rich strikes of gold were made. An old prospector takes her to the river and shows her how he extracts gold by rocker and pan, equipment which is as good now as it was then. Songs include “I Wish I Were Single” and “Clementine.”
The movement of traveling farmers, who follow the crops around the country, picking them as they ripen at different times in various areas is described in this program. The beginnings of the seasonal worker, when the land for farming for one’s self became difficult to find, start the story. It carries on through the possibility of following various crops all over the country, moving from one to another as they ripen. The ripening of cotton, apples, onions, tomatoes, strawberries and various others are shown on a large map, and the travels of the seasonal worker depicted on an animated visual. Songs include, “Chilly Winds,” “He’s Gone Away,” and “The Big Rock Candy Mountain.”
Tells the story of sailing vessels and life aboard a clipper ship. Describes the various jobs performed by the sailors. Discusses the types of cargoes carried on trips to all parts of the world. (KQED) Kinescope.
The neighborliness of people in the South gives rise to many stories of help to others living nearby. The assistance with plowing, picking of crops and helping “catch up on work” is told, then the custom of a logrolling is pictured, wherein the neighbors gather to clear the fields of trees and logs. After the logrolling came the brush burning, or “woods burning” to further clear the land. This life is described, followed by the good times they had at a feast, after the work was done. Songs include “In the Evening,” “Nicodemus” and “Liza Jane.”
Bash’s story begins when the only way letters were delivered was in a sack of mail throw on the corner table of a coffee house, to be picked up, perhaps, by the owner or his friend. Early envelopes, quill pens, sealing wax are shown, and then the first rides of the Post Riders, through difficult forest paths are described. The developments in various of the colonies add stories of letters passing from plantation to plantation, and of sheriffs empowered to commandeer horses and riders to deliver official papers. Then came the first paid postmaster, whose job it was to receive mail and see that it got to the proper addresses. Stagecoach delivery of mail ends the program, with a model of the famous Wells Fargo coach, and mention of the Pony Express. Songs include “Green & Yellow Basket,” “Cotton Eye’d Joe” and “Yankee Doodle.”
Bash describes the value and beauty of the timber of our country, and how it helps hold the soil, gives cover for the animals, and is a valuable crop. Then she goes on a film expedition to an actual forest fire, showing the fire racing up the hillsides, destroying a forest, being fought by bucket, shovel, and even by planes bombing with chemicals before the fire is put out. Songs include “Mr. Rabbitt” and “Frog Went a Courtin’.”
The program describes the kinds of housing the early settlers built, from the earliest lean-to type, hastily thrown together to protest the people as soon as they landed on these shores, on through the way they learned to make thatched roofs, then later cut logs for building. The use of handmade bricks, and the change of ways in making fireplaces from the original stick-covered-with-mud ones to brick ones follows in the story. The various ways of building sturdy walls by notching of logs in various patterns and cuts is shown. Songs include “The Tailor and the Mouse,” “Little Mohee,” and “Cockels and Mussels.”
Bash traces the development of drama and entertainment from the medieval days of acrobats at fairs, to the present. She demonstrates use of early puppets and marionettes, speaks of the troubadours and minstrels, and describes the pantomimes of the Harlequin and Columbines. The Lillian Patterson dancers assist in presenting the pictures through dance and acrobatics, and Bash ends the program by taking a very modern merry-go-round ride. Songs are “The Little Marionette” and “Jumping Jack.”
Bash takes a trip to the mountains to watch a man make shakes for roofs, in the same manner that shakes were made when the first house were settled. The method hasn’t changed, except for the use of power saws instead of chopping with an axe. The skakemaker fells an 85-foot sugarpine tree, then with wedges and saws, reduces it to shakes for roofing homes. He demonstrates how he uses the same tools which have been in use for hundreds of years, and how carefully he measures and splits the shakes to make even roofs. Songs include “Hush Little Baby” and “Knick Knack.”
Bash talks about the real pirates who operated in American waters in the early days. Stories of the exploits of Captain Kidd, Blackbeard, and others describe the kind of life the pirates led as they traveled on the high seas, and the various operations of pirates and privateers. The hazards of sailing with a fully lade ship, with pirates waiting off the coast to take the vessel were a very real and exciting part of the early-day sailing ships. The ballads of “Golden Vanity” and “Henry Martin” describe in song the activities of pirates.
