81. Learning by reinforcement (29:31)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses and demonstrates through film clips the concept of learning by reinforcement. Describes the shaping of behavior by rewarding of a correct action when it occurs by chance. Illustrates the nature of reinforcement by reward, the disappearance of a learned response when reward is discontinued, and the learning of discriminative and cooperative behavior. Uses filmed sequences of Skinner's experimental work with pigeons. (WGBH-TV)

82. Learning from discussion : the art of conversation (30:34)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the role of conversation and discussion in the life of learning. Gives the three methods of teaching--indoctrination, lecturing, and questioning. Suggests how adult conversation can serve as the means of learning. (Palmer Films) Film.

83. Learning through television : how to watch a TV program (30:43)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents the case for television as an instrument for learning, and explains the obstacles that stand in the way of successful educational television programs. Suggests how to watch an educational program if it is to help in learning. (Palmer Films) Films.

84. Legal methods of solving differences between nations (29:36)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses international law as an effective force in world affairs. Suggests that international law be backed with an international police force. Features Dr. F. S. C. Northrop, Professor of Philosophy and Law, Yale University, and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

85. Love in a world without sex (30:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses fraternal love, and differentiates it from sexual love. Explains Aristotle's idea of human association based on utility, pleasure, and excellence. Distinguishes between justice and love, and depicts a society based on love and friendship rather than justice. (Palmer Films) Film.

86. Loyalties (29:26)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents one view of loyalty and its importance in the measure of a man. Considers martyrdom, the relationship of loyalty to prejudice, and loyalty as self-protection. Questions which loyalties are the most important. Suggests an answer, but leaves the ultimate solution open for further consideration. (KQED) Film.

87. Making ideas available to people (29:36)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the needs of education, federal aid, teacher and classroom shortages. Points out how individuals should be educated to make more valuable use of leisure time. Features Dr. Clarence Faust, President of the Fund for the Advancement of Education. (KETC) Kinescope.

88. Man's aspirations and his freedom to attain them (29:37)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a discussion of the philosophic atmosphere in which scientists are doing their thinking. Questions man's freedom to do anything. Dr. Arthur H. Compton, Professor of Natural Philosophy, Washington University, is interviewed by host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

89. Man's needs (29:14)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents an analysis of man's trust and greatest needs. Points out that man's aspirations and needs are not always one and the same thing. Features an interview between Dr. Erich Fromm and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

90. Masks in the world of art (29:50)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick discusses masks as a form of art expression, how they are made, and their uses. Describes ceremonial festivals, and the theater. Demonstrates the making of the mask in clay, paper mache, and bent cardboard. Explains how various materials such as raffia, paint, and metal are applied to the mask for decoration. Uses models to illustrate the artistic merit and effectiveness of masks.