Start Over Date 1957 Collection National Educational Television Unit IUL Moving Image Archive

1. The European Experience (Edited version) (29:25)

Date:
19uu
Summary:
Examines what has happened in Europe to check the threat of a menancing population growth. Traces the growth of population in Europe from the Middle Ages and suggests that the small-family concept, which began in England in the late nineteenth century, has had more effect on population than any other thing.

2. Wellmet House (29:30)

Date:
19uu
Summary:
Explains that Wellmet House attempts to rehabilitate the mentally ill not by gaining conforming behavior but by helping them relate to other people in natural and unstructured ways. Points out that half of the residents are mentally ill and the other half are college students from nearby universities who staff Wellmet House. Emphasizes the need for each patient to find individual expression. Shows patients and staff at dinner, parties, the local pub, and a house meeting.

6. Writers of today. Frank O'Connor (28:39)

Date:
195u
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Walter Kerr, drama critic for the New York Herald Tribune, interviews noted Irish author Frank O'Connor. Mr. O'Connor contrasts the novel and the short story in relation to characterization, plot, and the time element. He discusses styles of the short story and appraises past and present psychological and subject matter trends in prose fiction.

7. Abstract and non-objective painting in the world of art (30:01)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the transition in art from realism to the abstract. Explains the reasons underlying abstract and non-objective painting. Demonstrates important points with illustrations drawn in chalk and paint. Uses prints of abstract painting to clarify and develop a greater understanding of the artist's interpretation. (WQED) Kinescope.

8. Across These Borders: Nato (29:21)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the purpose, successes, and failures of NATO, the prospects for extending its economic functions, and ways of making it more effective. Gives the history of NATO's formation and explains the financial contribution of each member country. (WTTW) Kinescope.

9. Across These Borders: The Afro-Asian Bloc (29:46)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the formation of the Afro-Asian bloc, the declaration issued by it, and the possible influences this organization may have in world politics. Considers official United States reaction to the bloc and the bloc's possible influence on the formation of United States foreign policy. (WTTW) Kinescope.

10. Across These Borders: European Federation (29:43)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses attempts, from the Roman Empire to the present, at European unification. Examines the progress in economic unification through the Schuman Plan. Appraises the effects on the United States on the degree of unification in Europe. (WTTW) Kinescope.

11. Across These Borders; International Exchange (29:42)

Date:
1957
Summary:
resents the scope of international exchange programs now in process. Explains the various types of exchange. Discusses the Fulbright scholarships and shows a film on the experiment in international living in Austria. (WTTW) Kinescope.

12. Activating human potential (29:45)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a synthesizing of many aspects of education as discussed in the preceding programs. Points out how education can be used most effectively in activating man's potential. Features Mr. Frank Laubach, Mr. Robert Hutchins, and Mr. Aldous Huxley. (KETC) Kinescope.

13. Addiction among teenagers (29:28)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the conditions and effects of drug addiction among young people. Reveals how an individual may be enticed to use narcotics. Outlines some of the causes of addiction and considers the possibilities of treatment and cure. (WTTW) Kinescope.

14. Adult learning (28:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the nature and importance od adult learning, and points out the fallacy of thinking that the school is the only place where education occurs. Explains that adult learning is the gaining of wisdom and understanding and is for everybody, regardless of formal schooling. States that "adults are more educable than children as children are more trainable than adults," and stresses that when we cease to learn our mind starts to die. (Palmer Films) Film.

15. Africa: East Africa (29:40)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes the lands of East Africa that are members of the British Commonwealth. Discusses variations in degree of self government and in the composition of populations. A native of Tanganuika presents his views on independence for his homeland and outlines a course of action. (WTTW) Kinescope.

16. Africa: the Belgian Congo (29:43)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Outlines the political history of the Congo and discusses the success of the Belgian colonial policy. A native of the Congo proposes a program for more self-government of the people. Stresses the economic importance of the Congo to Belgium and to the United States. (WTTW) Kinescope.

17. American influence in my country (29:18)

Date:
1957
Main contributors:
National Educational Television
Summary:
This series, aired from 1954 through 1958, is built around the annual New York Herald Tribune World Youth Forum, which hosts approximately thirty foreign high school students from around the world in the US. The World Youth Forum features the high school students discussing problems of concern to America and the world. Discussions are presided over by Mrs. Helen Hiet Waller, World Youth Forum Director, with a maximum of encouragement to free expression. In this program from 1957, students from the United Kingdom, Union of South Africa, India, and Lebanon discuss the influence of American comics, films, and be-bop; the contribution of American education throughout the Arab world; the relative merits of British and American school systems; the relative impact of Britain vs U.S. influence in the world; and whether Britain or the U.S. has the truer democracy.

18. An Essay in Sound (29:40)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Analyzes the score of a symphony and explains why it was scored as it was. Compares this symphony to a painting and to an austere essay and shows how the background, the highlights, and the essential figures are developed. Analyzes a composer's motives and illustrates their orchestral expression. (University of Rochester) Film.

19. Archeological news from Russia (29:41)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the present status of archaeology in Russia. Shows and discusses objects, found in Russia, formerly owned by Scythians and buried with them. Stresses the vast quantity of these objects and emphasizes the artistic quality of these exports from Greece. (NYU) Kinescope.

20. Are Americans civilized? (29:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In his final program, John Dodds poses a startling question: “Are Americans civilized?” Undoubtedly, he says, most Americans will reply without hesitation. “Of course, we are!” Yet, Dr. Dodds points out, we are branded by many foreigners as a raw, materialistic, uncouth, mercenary, and even an uncivilized nation. He inquires into the factors in our society that have induced such severe criticism from abroad. He asks if others are merely jealous of our technological advancement –which most are as quick to adopt as they are to criticize –or have they actually found some basic flaws in the fabric of our culture. In peering into the structure of our civilization, he holds up a mirror in which all Americans might profit from viewing themselves. From this analysis we realize that American have their shortcomings both obvious and subtle, but, as to the state of American civilization, Dr. Dodds leads us to believe the picture is more pleasant than many would have us think.

21. Are scientists dogmatic? (29:37)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Uses demonstrations to illustrate how scientists arrive at facts. Explains how and why scientists often give the impression of being to sure of their knowledge of the universe. Discusses the importance of numerical statements in science and how physical law is derived. Features Dr. Phillipe LeCorbeiller, Professor of applied Physics, Harvard University.

22. Are teenagers universally misunderstood? (29:31)

Date:
1957
Main contributors:
National Educational Television
Summary:
This series, aired from 1954 through 1958, is built around the annual New York Herald Tribune World Youth Forum, which hosts approximately thirty foreign high school students from around the world in the US. The World Youth Forum features the high school students discussing problems of concern to America and the world. Discussions are presided over by Mrs. Helen Hiet Waller, World Youth Forum Director, with a maximum of encouragement to free expression. In this program from 1957, students from Brazil, Finland, Japan, Jordan, and Singapore discuss the question of universal misunderstanding of teenagers. Although they are divided on the seriousness of the problem, they indicate that the misunderstanding between parents and teenagers does exist in their countries.

23. Are You an Artist? (29:29)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Points out and discusses the values to be gained from the process of creating. Invites the viewer to draw a still life and shows five art students working creatively in various media.

24. Art as a common human possession (28:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the nature of art and its role in human life. Points out the difference in science, art, and prudence, and compares the way in which all things come into being--natural generation, artistic production, and divine creation. Explains that to do a work of art is to do something deliberately by knowledge and rules.

25. Art as Communication (29:19)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses line, form, and symbol as conventional devices for communication in the visual arts. Demonstrates some of the conventions used for communication in the theater and the dance. Illustrates the communication of ideas, using pictures by Picasso and others.

26. Art Today (29:21)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Shows numerous paintings and discusses factors in the world today which lead artists to produce such paintings. Points out that war, mechanization, anxiety, and insecurity, speed and motion, and emphasis on the individual are some of the concerns of today's artists. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.

27. Auditorium and Stage: the Medium for Illusion (29:27)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Explains and illustrates the characteristics of the medium of theater art. Outlines the history and evolution of the stage platform. Discusses the functions of the stage and auditorium. Relates the actors and the audience to theater art. Presents theater art as a synthesis of a variety of fine arts.

28. Background of Rocketry (14:49)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Traces the various methods of propulsion. Explains the development of jet propulsion by the Chinese in 1232. Relates the history of the use of rocker power to the age of firearms. Shows how the rocket became an important weapon at sea because of the flammable nature of the ships. Surveys the actualities and dreams of rocketry throughout its development. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.) Film.

29. Balance and orientation in humans (13:50)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes the problem of reducing the effect of gravity on humans. Discusses the sense of sight, balance, position, and touch and how they will be affected by upper air travel. Describes the construction of the inner ear and the way in which it affects our sense of balance. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.) Film.

30. Blazing trails in Afghanistan (30:03)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses new explorations by the American Museum of Natural History; indicates that important finds have opened up the early history of the area of Afghanistan, Baluchistan, and the Indus Valley.

31. Butterflies and Moths (29:32)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Shows and discusses the order of insects known as lepidoptera or scale-winged insects. Illustrates with collections of butterflies and moths from many parts of the world. Explains how to begin a collection, equipment needed, where to find specimens, and how to properly mount and keep them. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

32. Cheerily Chirp (15:09)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Fignewton Frog (puppet) and Dora (person) tell a story about Cheerily Chirp the young cricket who wants to learn to play the violin instead of being restricted to traditional cricket music.

33. Cinderella (15:09)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Ella's new stepmother discharges all the servants and forces Ella to wait on her and her two stepsisters and to sleep on the cinders. Ella's name is then changed to Cinder-Ella. When the Prince has a grand ball, Cinderella is not allowed to go. But her fairy godmother appears, giving her a beautiful coach, a beautiful new dress for the ball.

34. Clinton Golden : part 1 (29:33)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Golden reviews the historical development of worker organizations, the role of labor unions in society, and the general structure of union organizations. Examines and evaluates labor's concern for sound social institutions and new constructive efforts. (WQED) Kinescope.

35. Clinton Golden : part 3 (29:51)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dynamics of Industrial Philosophy (1942), by Mr. Golden, is evaluated for use in the area of labor relations today. “How has militant unionism affected the acceptance of labor organizations?” “Are labor’s needs furthered by strike methods?” “What was the significance of the instigation of the 40 hour week?” “Is there democracy in unionism?” “What should be the qualities of a labor leader?” “How can labor reach a greater acceptance in our society?” These are some of the questions answered and discussed in this program. Mr. Golden makes a strong appeal for greater individual expression and participation by employers and union members in order to build a stronger growth policy and more workable system for labor negotiations in our time.

36. Clinton Golden : part 4 (29:41)

Date:
1957
Summary:
“The Responsibility of Unions in our Democracy,” “the choosing and training of labor leaders,” “educating the public to labor philosophies and policies,” and “the opportunities for growth and cooperation in labor relations” are points of discussion in this last of four programs with Clinton Golden. The spiraling of rising prices and rising wages, the union shop and wildcat strikes are critically examined by Mr. Golden and his guests. The progress of arbitration techniques and new constructive policies for labor relations are presented as a summarization for this series.

37. Colors in Music (29:35)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Explains the use of the tone colors of an instrument or groups of instruments to achieve desired musical effects. Concentrates on the winds and the brasses as a number of musicians display the tonal color limits of their instruments. (University of Rochester) Film.

38. Conquering the West (29:31)

Date:
1957
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Discusses the discovery and exploitation of the natural resources of the West--minerals, grazing, lumber--plus agricultural development of the Great Plains and the Pacific Coast valleys. Also, considers communications in the West--stage lines, railroads, and the telegraph. (KETC) Kinescope.

39. Controversy, freedom of speech, and majority rule (29:26)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Outlines the obligations of the average person with respect to controversy and controversial matters, the relationship of freedom of discussion to the shifting of opinion, and the role of minority opinion. (Palmer Films) Film.

40. Cosmic ray studies (15:04)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discuses the problem of harmful effects on the human body caused by extended exposure to cosmic radiation. Describes how these effects have been studied by exposing animals, insects, eggs, and seeds to cosmic radiation at high altitudes. (New Mexico College of A. & M.A.) Film.

41. Cow in the house (15:04)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Marionettes present the story of a man and wife who think their house is too small for visiting relatives. Promising to follow the advice of their wise friend, Mr. Wiseman, they bring a rooster, a lamb, a goat, and a cow into their home. After each animal is brought in, Mr. Wiseman asks his friends if their home seems larger, and each time they declare it seems smaller. When the cow is brought in with the other animals, Mr. Wiseman asks again if they don't think that their house seems bigger. The husband then realizes he should be glad his sister and 10 children aren't staying with them. The animals are taken out of the house and the couple realizes how large their home really is.

42. Dame Edith Sitwell : part 1 (30:01)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dame Edith Sitwell’s guest are Dr. Neal Woodruff and Oliver Shoemaker, both of the English Department of Carnegie Institute of Technology. She discusses with them some of the outstanding qualities of poetry depicted by poets throughout the ages and she gives some of her impressions of great society.

44. Dame Edith Sitwell : part 3 (30:09)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dame Edith Sitwell’s guests are Dr. Neal Woodruff and Beekman Cottrell of the English Department of Carnegie Institute of Technology. She discusses with them life, poetry, the world and people.

46. Decline and revival (29:49)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the decline of printing during the 18th and 19th centuries. Points out the main reasons behind the decline of printing. Reviews the work of William Morris and his successors in reviving the art of printing. (USC) Film.

47. Delinquency areas (29:24)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Dietrich Reitzes, associate professor of social psychology at the University of Indiana and a member of the US Selective Service in Felon Studies, joins Sheriff Lohman for a study of the relationship between youth’s neighborhood and his acts of misbehavior. Captain Boone presents another case study. The Sheriff and Dr. Reitzes discuss the problem of areas which seem to breed delinquency. Illustrations of houses in the shadow of commerce and industry, buildings in neighborhoods that are physically deteriorating and dangerous, neighborhoods where the population is in transition, where economic dependency is on relief agencies, where neighborhood disorganization is taking place, where the population of adult criminals is high and where gangs are common –these are all illustrated.

48. Designing for reproduction (29:38)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the processes involved in creating a piece of sculpture suitable for reproduction. Explains compositional elements in sculpture while a figure is modeled. Shows the process of making a plaster mold from the completed figure. Demonstrates how the "slip" or liquid clay is poured in the mold and after drying how the mold is removed. Features Merrell Gage, sculptor and Professor of Fine Arts, University of Southern California. (USC) Film.

49. Dialogue: Speaking for Illusion (29:22)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Explains dialogue from the point of view of the playwright who composes it and the actor who gives it expression. Describes and demonstrates three types of dialogue: straight dialogue, set speech, and soliloquy. Illustrates devices and techniques used by the actor to support the dialogue including articulation, tempo, force, and quality. (KUON-TV) Film.

50. Discovery: Who Walked Here? (29:30)

Date:
1957
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Shows how animal tracks may be identified and explains how various types of tracks are classified. Demonstrates the making of track stamps through the use of potatoes. Discusses the making of plaster casts of tracks and the wiring of stories using tracks. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

51. Does man differ in kind or degree (27:51)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Continues the discussion of how and in what respects man differs from other animals. Defines what is meant by difference in kind and degree giving the biologist's conception and the philosopher's definition. (Palmer Films) Kinescope.

52. Dr. Harold C. Urey : evaluation of science (29:38)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Urey relates scientific thinking to philosophical, political and religious areas. He discusses the revolutionary change in the ideas of today due to radical discoveries by scientists. He speaks of the important role of the scientist today.

53. Dr. Harold C. Urey : the progress of science (29:54)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Urey describes the advancement of civilization as a result of scientific discoveries. He points out the impact of science on humanity, the importance of ethics in science, and the significance of seemingly "impractical" scientific investigation. (WQED) Kinescope.

54. Dr. Harold C. Urey : the responsibilities of the scientist (29:27)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Harold Urey discusses the responsibilities of the scientist to science, to the world, and to himself in relation to his discoveries. He is joined by guests and they speak of the moral responsibility of the scientist with regard to potentially dangerous work. (WQED) Kinescope.

55. Dr. Harold C. Urey : the scientist and his work (29:17)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Urey discusses the work of the twentieth century scientist and the problems which he meets and how he accomplishes his goals. In his talk, Dr. Urey draws from his own background in research on heavy hydrogen.

56. Economic precautions for preventing war (29:38)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the use of western capital for the industrial development of the under-developed areas of the world. Presents an analysis of long range foreign aid policy to help secure peace. Features Dr. Harlan Cleveland, Dean, Syracuse University, John E. Hull, General, United States Army (retired), and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

57. Educating on the sub-verbal level (29:37)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Examines the potentiality of education on the sub-verbal level. Discusses the training of the special senses such as vision and the autonomic nervous system. Points out the need for research and application of training on the sub-verbal level in order for man to attain a higher capacity for thought. Features Aldous Huxley, author and lecturer. (KETC) Kinescope.

58. Education and the underdeveloped areas of the world (29:34)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a look at world illiteracy. Suggests the use of an already proven method of combating illiteracy in order to help the people of underdeveloped areas. Emphasizes that people are on the move and must be helped. Features Dr. Frank Laubach, missionary, educator, and author. (KETC) Kinescope.

59. Education here and abroad (29:18)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Herald Tribune Forum delegates from Lebanon, France, India, United Kingdom, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines, Germany, and the Union of South Africa compare education in the U.S. with that of their countries. Includes comments on teaching methods, classroom procedures, and co-education. (WOR-TV) Kinescope. 1957

60. Experimental psychology : action and thought have causes (30:24)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses human action and its causes. Compares voluntary and involuntary response. Uses a slow motion film clip to demonstrate the startle response. Concludes with a demonstration to show that voluntary effort has its causes. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

62. Finishing ceramic sculpture (29:23)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses finishing techniques in ceramic sculpture. Explains how the finish must make the sculptured work permanent and at the same time enhance its feeling and form. Shows the method of firing ceramic pieces in the kiln. Demonstrates different methods of finishing the pieces including staining, waxing, and the application of different types of glazes. Concludes with a discussion of ancient and modern polychrome sculpture. Features Merrell Gage, sculptor and Professor of Fine Arts, University of Southern California. (USC) Film.

63. Fire and Flame (29:28)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses and explains the zones of a candle flame. Shows the differences between a candle and a burner flame. Uses experiments to illustrate and define air density and convection currents. (KQED) Film.

64. Forgetting (29:46)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Illustrates and discusses the chief causes of forgetting. Compares the theories of disuse and interference. Explains the part of retroactive inhibition and motivation in forgetting. Uses charts, diagrams, and examples to illustrate major points. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

65. Frontier Expansion (29:43)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Reviews the penetration of later Latin Americans into the hinterlands of the several colonies. Points out that these frontier movements expanded the territory held and often set the boundaries of the future nations. (KETC) Kinescope.

66. Glimpse of yesterday's worlds (30:01)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Points out the purposes and procedures of the series of motion pictures, YESTERDAY'S WORLDS. Reviews objects shown and summarizes ideas discussed in the preceding 25 half-hour programs. Emphasizes the values of research into man's past. (NYU) Kinescope.

67. Guatemala (29:24)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses Guatemalan politics, relations with the U.S., the use of U.S. foreign aid. Describes the country itself and its customs and habits. Shows native clothing and handicrafts. (WTTW) Kinescope.

68. Hansel and Gretel (30:41)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Hand puppets are used to tell the age-old story of the two children whose step mother takes them to the forest and leaves them. The trail they've left with bread crumbs, is eaten by the birds, so unable to find their way home, they say their prayers and go to sleep under a tree. They wake in the morning and discover a candy house.

69. Henry Steele Commager : part 1 (30:04)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Henry Steele Commager discusses the political thinking of today. Explains the desirability of the inductive or pragmatic approach to problems of politics and society. Discusses the concepts of majority and minority rule, loyalty, and security in terms of theoretical dangers, fundamental truths, and moral absolutes. Points out the importance of experience, reality, and actuality in judging political action. (WQED) Kinescope.

70. Henry Steele Commager : part 2 (30:12)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Henry Steele Commager and his guests discuss various aspects and problems of American higher education. Presents one viewpoint concerning the need for change in public thinking toward higher education, how students acquire attitudes, college and university methods, intellectual versus social training, educational leadership, and the problem of standards. Centers the discussion around the importance of society to the ultimate solving of these problems. (WQED) Kinescope.

71. Henry Steele Commager : part 3 (29:42)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Henry Steele Commager and his guests discuss freedom and security in today's society. Defines freedom as a natural right, a practical necessity, and a way of living. Considers the problem of freedom, security, and loyalty on a national as well as local level. (WQED) Kinescope.

72. Henry Steele Commager : part 4 (29:53)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Commager lectures on the subject of nationalism as something Americans take for granted but as something that is actually new in history. He also clarifies nationalism as a blessing rather than a curse to mankind. He discusses his theory that American nationalism differs in important ways from European or even Asiatic. He shows how nationalism came about as suggesting what the US can should do to mitigate the ravages of nationalism generally.

73. Henry Steele Commager : part 5 (30:04)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Henry Steele Commager discusses the place of America in history. Explains early European curiosity concerning the value of the discovery of America. Points out how America's contribution to technology, social democracy, federal politics, education, separation of church and state, and nationalism have influenced institutions elsewhere. (WQED) Kinescope.

74. High Altitude Photography (14:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Cameras are carried in rockets to get technical information about the flight. The resulting movies and stills provide interesting viewing in addition to their primary value. Other applications, such as meteorological predictions, beside the present usages, are suggested by some of the pictures.

75. Highlight and Shadow: Make Up for Illusion (28:58)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes the art of stage make-up and its function in the theatre. Presents and discusses three main categories of make-up: character, stylized, and straight make-up. Examines the tools and materials used in stage make-up and demonstrates their use. Shows the functions of make-up in relation to characterization, lighting, distance, and color.

76. How big is the moon? (29:57)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the use of scientific method in psychology. Uses the moon illusion to explain the development of a scientific hypothesis. Shows how psychological experiments are solving the problem of the moon illusion. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

77. How fast can you react? (29:57)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Prof. Boring shows how human beings can be “set” or “tuned in” to a special response just as a radio can be tuned to a particular station. The brain can be directed along a certain channel, which it will follow until that channel or “station” is changed. Once told to think of rhyming words for example the voluntary subject concentrates on the sound of words almost exclusively, until she comes to “month,” for which there is only one unfamiliar rhyme. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

78. How philosophy differs from science and religion (29:58)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Show how philosophy differs from science and religion in its methods and objectives, and states that each is independent of the other. Points out that as historians, chemists, and astronomers differ in their methods of inquiry, so also do scientists, philosophers, and theologians. Insists that there need not be conflicts among the three if each group stayed within their own field. (Mortimer Adler-San Francisco Productions) Kinescope.

79. I.Q. and delinquency (29:22)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Delinquent behavior is not directly related to IQ. Sheriff Lohman reviews this point with Dr. A. Arthur Hartman of the Psychiatric Bureau of Chicago’s Municipal Court. Case studies of two delinquent boys are presented, one with a low IQ and the other with a high one.

80. Ideas and ideologies (29:27)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the dynamics of ideas and ideologies. Suggests a cultural exchange with Russia in an effort to lessen world tensions. Features Dr. Harold Fisher, Professor of International Relations, San Francisco State College and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

81. Ideas rule actions (29:30)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the relationship of actions to "set" and unconscious motivation. Demonstrates ideomotor action. Explains visual and tactile muscle reading. Illustrates social motivation through film clips of experiments with pigeons. Concludes with a psychological test showing unconscious perception and immediate forgetting. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

82. Imperial Policies (29:21)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the organization of the colonial empires by the mother countries. Explains how these early patterns have affected the development of South America, including even the independent nations. (KETC) Kinescope.

83. In the world of art, we visit an art gallery (29:27)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick relays that real understanding and appreciation is discovered and developed through frequent visits to the art gallery and museum. We enter an exhibition of painting and sculpture, move from one work of art to the other, at the same time discussing the particular aspects of each as they relate to various contemporary movements in the arts. With illustrative drawings done with chalk at a large easel, the points previously observed and discussed are clarified. The program's guest is Miss Stella Nardozza, Teaching Supervisor, Pittsburgh Television Teaching Demonstration.

84. Inca craftsmen in metal and clay (29:52)

Date:
1957
Summary:
This discussion centers around the political organization of the ancient Incas in Peru in relation to the work of their craftsmen in pottery and gold. Guests are Dudley T. Easby, Jr., secretary of the Metropolitan, and Julius Bird, department of anthropology at the American Museum of Natural History.

85. Indian Corn (15:03)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Tells of the importance of corn to the settlers. Explains how the Indians helped the settlers plant corn and their methods of cultivation. Shows the participation of Indian children in planting, grinding, and keeping birds away from the corn fields.

86. Instincts (29:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Prof. Boring presents examples of instinctive behavior: Iron filings line up in a magnetic field; a cat rights itself when dropped; plants turn toward light; a person’s eyes blink, when an object suddenly passes close to the eye.

87. Introducing the Latin Americas (29:35)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the geography of Latin America, including information on area and population. Designed for the average North American viewer. (KETC) Kinescope.

88. Introduction (29:44)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents an introduction of the series OF SCIENTISTS AND SCIENTISTS. Discusses the subject of science and shows excerpts from other programs in the series. Illustrates with experiments and mathematical problems the kind of thinking essential to the study of science. Features Dr. Philippe LeCorbeiller and Dr. Gerald Holton, Physics Department, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

89. Introduction (28:52)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Introduces as artist who begins the painting, "The Man of Sorrows," portraying Christ on the Cross. Shows the rough sketch which serves as a guide for the painting and discusses philosophic and artistic considerations involved in its execution. (KETC) Kinescope.

90. Introduction to rocketry (15:07)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Sherburne gives a rapid survey of the latest developments of rocketry with a few comments of the nature of the following twenty-five programs.

91. Keys to the mysteries (29:34)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents the story of the decipherment of ancient cuneiform and hieroglyphic writing. Explains how the Rosetta stone in Egypt became the key to unlock the mystery of hieroglyphics. Discusses the work of Grotefend, Rawlinson, and Champollion in achieving an understanding of ancient writing. (UCS)

92. Kings write too (29:54)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the correspondence between ancient kings of the Middle Eastern countries. The letters were recently discovered in the Egyptian village of El-Amarna, and they deal with problems of money, with intrigues, and with marriage settlements. (NU) Kinescope.

93. Language of music (29:42)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In this program, Mr. Goldovsky clearly demonstrates the need for close attention to the language of the written musical score. Through musical example he aptly demonstrates the use of the musical passage as a guide to stage production and direction. He gives a more complete understanding of the opera through recognition of the language of music.

94. Large Forces Acting on the Body (14:33)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Relates to rocket development the problem of getting a man out of a fast-moving aircraft with a minimum of personal injury. Illustrates this phase of rocketry with pictures of the rocket sled at Holloman Air Force Base.

95. Learning by association (28:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Explains the classical principles of learning by association. Discusses the work of Ebbinghaus and Pavlov. Presents the laws of frequency of contiguity and reinforcement by satisfaction. Illustrates contiguity, exercise, and effect. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

96. Learning by reinforcement (29:31)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses and demonstrates through film clips the concept of learning by reinforcement. Describes the shaping of behavior by rewarding of a correct action when it occurs by chance. Illustrates the nature of reinforcement by reward, the disappearance of a learned response when reward is discontinued, and the learning of discriminative and cooperative behavior. Uses filmed sequences of Skinner's experimental work with pigeons. (WGBH-TV)

97. Learning from books (29:32)

Date:
1957
Summary:
States that people read for pleasure, information, and enlightenment. Explains what enlightenment means and how to read for this type of learning. Points out that to gain enlightenment, a person should actively read books that are challenging. Gives suggestions for active reading. (Palmer Films) Films.

98. Learning from discussion : the art of conversation (30:34)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the role of conversation and discussion in the life of learning. Gives the three methods of teaching--indoctrination, lecturing, and questioning. Suggests how adult conversation can serve as the means of learning. (Palmer Films) Film.

99. Learning through television : how to watch a TV program (30:43)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents the case for television as an instrument for learning, and explains the obstacles that stand in the way of successful educational television programs. Suggests how to watch an educational program if it is to help in learning. (Palmer Films) Films.

100. Legal methods of solving differences between nations (29:36)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses international law as an effective force in world affairs. Suggests that international law be backed with an international police force. Features Dr. F. S. C. Northrop, Professor of Philosophy and Law, Yale University, and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.