101. The Organization of American States (29:29)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes the organization of American states and appraises its effectiveness. Discusses U.S.-Latin American relations and considers how they can be improved.

102. Art Today (29:21)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Shows numerous paintings and discusses factors in the world today which lead artists to produce such paintings. Points out that war, mechanization, anxiety, and insecurity, speed and motion, and emphasis on the individual are some of the concerns of today's artists. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.

103. Are You an Artist? (29:29)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Points out and discusses the values to be gained from the process of creating. Invites the viewer to draw a still life and shows five art students working creatively in various media.

104. The Nature of Creativity, Part 2 (29:50)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the process of revision through which a painting is developed, revealing how the artist uses his skill, knowledge, and experience to shape his ideas into a finished work of art. Compares many drawings and sketches with the paintings based upon them.

105. Art as Communication (29:19)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses line, form, and symbol as conventional devices for communication in the visual arts. Demonstrates some of the conventions used for communication in the theater and the dance. Illustrates the communication of ideas, using pictures by Picasso and others.

106. The Nature of Creativity, Part 1 (29:36)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Two artists demonstrate the creative process by reacting to a stimulus presented by a psychologist. Defines creativity and outlines the elements composing it; stresses the influence of environment on the creative impulse.

107. Role of the Artist in Society (29:39)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the role and status of artists in society. Considers the sources of support of artists and suggests that artists are necessary to any society. Includes participation by Mark Van Doren, the author, and Philip Evergood, an American painter. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.

108. Role of the Critic in the Arts (29:21)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes the critic as having a responsibility to society while expressing his own point of view. the critic does not attempt to educate but rather to observe keenly and to report and comment upon the arts. Features critics from the New York Herald-Tribune, Time magazine, and the New York Times. (Hofstra College and WOR-TV) Kinescope.

109. Adult learning (28:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the nature and importance od adult learning, and points out the fallacy of thinking that the school is the only place where education occurs. Explains that adult learning is the gaining of wisdom and understanding and is for everybody, regardless of formal schooling. States that "adults are more educable than children as children are more trainable than adults," and stresses that when we cease to learn our mind starts to die. (Palmer Films) Film.

110. The morality of love (29:45)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Distinguishes between morality and virtue, and discusses good and bad love. Points out that the three bad loves are love of money, pride, and romantic love, and explains both that Adler's and Freud's views of love. Presents and defines the commands of love--love God, love thyself, and love others--and illustrates how bad love can defeat good love. (Palmer Films) Film.

111. The nature of opinion (29:44)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the nature of opinion as contrasted with knowledge. Points out that where opinion can be right or wrong, knowledge can not be wrong. States that opinions are subject to conflict, and gives various examples of opinion such as majority rule, opinion polls, and controversy. (Palmer Films) Film.

112. Love in a world without sex (30:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses fraternal love, and differentiates it from sexual love. Explains Aristotle's idea of human association based on utility, pleasure, and excellence. Distinguishes between justice and love, and depicts a society based on love and friendship rather than justice. (Palmer Films) Film.

113. Sexual or erotic love (30:19)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the essentials of love, and explains how sexual love and erotic love can be combined. Distinguishes between sexual desire and sexual love, outlining the elements of both. States that if sex or want come first, love is short lived but that love will last if it comes first. (Palmer Films) Film.

114. The difference between knowledge and opinion (30:10)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the psychological difference between knowledge and opinion, and describes the skeptic point of view. Compares knowledge and opinion in relation to truth, and states that most of the things learned in school--history, geography, geometry--are right opinions, not knowledge. Presents Adler's views, and quotes from great philosophers. (Palmer Films) Film.

115. Learning from books (29:32)

Date:
1957
Summary:
States that people read for pleasure, information, and enlightenment. Explains what enlightenment means and how to read for this type of learning. Points out that to gain enlightenment, a person should actively read books that are challenging. Gives suggestions for active reading. (Palmer Films) Films.

116. Learning through television : how to watch a TV program (30:43)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents the case for television as an instrument for learning, and explains the obstacles that stand in the way of successful educational television programs. Suggests how to watch an educational program if it is to help in learning. (Palmer Films) Films.

117. Learning from discussion : the art of conversation (30:34)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the role of conversation and discussion in the life of learning. Gives the three methods of teaching--indoctrination, lecturing, and questioning. Suggests how adult conversation can serve as the means of learning. (Palmer Films) Film.

118. The kinds of art (30:10)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Describes various kinds of art and their distinct differences. Distinguishes between the productive and the cooperative arts, and states that the latter consists only of farming, healing, and teaching. Explains and illustrates the differences between useful arts and fine arts. (Palmer Films) Kinescope.

119. The aesthetic and moral problems concerning art (27:53)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In the concluding program on this subject, Dr. Adler deals with the two general considerations of aesthetics and ethics. On the side of aesthetics, he draws a comparison between beauty in art and beauty in nature. He also deals with the problem of intellectual and moral content of art, the consideration of freedom of the arts, and concludes by comparing the importance in human life of producing as opposed to appreciating works of art.

120. The fine arts (27:38)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Defines fine art and distinguishes between the terms liberal and servile as applied to the arts. Points out that a work of fine art has individuality, originality, and says something. Depicts modern painting as a revolt against the public's lack of aesthetic understanding. (Palmer Films) Kinescope.

121. Wellmet House (29:30)

Date:
19uu
Summary:
Explains that Wellmet House attempts to rehabilitate the mentally ill not by gaining conforming behavior but by helping them relate to other people in natural and unstructured ways. Points out that half of the residents are mentally ill and the other half are college students from nearby universities who staff Wellmet House. Emphasizes the need for each patient to find individual expression. Shows patients and staff at dinner, parties, the local pub, and a house meeting.

122. The Size of the Universe (29:32)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses and explains the size and arrangement of the universe. Defines and illustrates light minutes, light hours, and light years. Uses photography to chart the universe of galaxies and plot the size of the universe. Features Dr. Bart J. Bok, Professor od Astronomy, National University of Australia. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

123. Addiction among teenagers (29:28)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the conditions and effects of drug addiction among young people. Reveals how an individual may be enticed to use narcotics. Outlines some of the causes of addiction and considers the possibilities of treatment and cure. (WTTW) Kinescope.

124. Military precautions for preventing war (29:21)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the use of military force as the major deterrent to war until an international force can be established. Features General John E. Hull, United States Army (retired) and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

125. I.Q. and delinquency (29:22)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Delinquent behavior is not directly related to IQ. Sheriff Lohman reviews this point with Dr. A. Arthur Hartman of the Psychiatric Bureau of Chicago’s Municipal Court. Case studies of two delinquent boys are presented, one with a low IQ and the other with a high one.

126. The gang (28:53)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses delinquency as a group phenomenon and contrasts the boys' gang and the boys' club. Reveals typical gang behavior and activities through an interview and in film sequences. Examines the influence of the gang in a community and on the members of the gang. (WTTW) Kinescope.

127. The delinquent self (29:10)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Outlines the ways in which an individual develops a concept of himself as delinquent or criminal. Pictures typical episodes from the record of a delinquent and presents an interview with a delinquent become criminal. (WTTW) Kinescope.

128. Delinquency areas (29:24)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Dr. Dietrich Reitzes, associate professor of social psychology at the University of Indiana and a member of the US Selective Service in Felon Studies, joins Sheriff Lohman for a study of the relationship between youth’s neighborhood and his acts of misbehavior. Captain Boone presents another case study. The Sheriff and Dr. Reitzes discuss the problem of areas which seem to breed delinquency. Illustrations of houses in the shadow of commerce and industry, buildings in neighborhoods that are physically deteriorating and dangerous, neighborhoods where the population is in transition, where economic dependency is on relief agencies, where neighborhood disorganization is taking place, where the population of adult criminals is high and where gangs are common –these are all illustrated.

129. Narcotics traffic among teens (30:30)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Outlines some of the factors contributing to the narcotics traffic. Suggests possible ways to prevent drug addiction and to treat addicts. Shows how drugs are distributed and used. Features and interview with an addict. (WTTW) Kinescope.

130. Economic precautions for preventing war (29:38)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the use of western capital for the industrial development of the under-developed areas of the world. Presents an analysis of long range foreign aid policy to help secure peace. Features Dr. Harlan Cleveland, Dean, Syracuse University, John E. Hull, General, United States Army (retired), and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

131. Political methods of solving differences between nations (29:29)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a discussion of American Foreign Policy. Points out the need of convincing our allies we are doing "the right thing" in foreign affairs. Features Mr. Paul Nitze, President of the Foreign Service Educational Foundation, and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

132. Legal methods of solving differences between nations (29:36)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses international law as an effective force in world affairs. Suggests that international law be backed with an international police force. Features Dr. F. S. C. Northrop, Professor of Philosophy and Law, Yale University, and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

133. Hansel and Gretel (30:41)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Hand puppets are used to tell the age-old story of the two children whose step mother takes them to the forest and leaves them. The trail they've left with bread crumbs, is eaten by the birds, so unable to find their way home, they say their prayers and go to sleep under a tree. They wake in the morning and discover a candy house.

134. The plump princess (15:15)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Beautifully costumed marionettes bring this original story by Tom Tichenor to life. It’s the tale of Princess Frumptious who is called "Frumpy" by her servants and people of the kingdom, because her hair is never combed, her apron never tied, her manners always rude. Youngsters will be intrigued with the manner in which she changes her habits and has her name changed to Princess Scrumptious.

136. Mobilizing agricultural resources (29:32)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Interview-in-depth with Henry A. Wallace. A warning from a leading agriculturalist of the imperative necessity to bring agricultural resources all over the world, and most especially in the under-developed areas, to their maximum production or face a misery in those under-developed areas which could trouble world peace even more than the opposing ideologies of American and Russia. There is a suggestion for a world loan development for small farmers through the co-operation of the wealthy nations.

137. Population and birth control (29:35)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a panel discussion on birth control as the most immediate answer for keeping the expansion of the world population in harmony with the gradual expansion of production. Featured personalities are Barbara Ward, Julian Huxley, and Harrison Brown. (KETC) Kinescope.

138. Population and the earth's resources (29:32)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Examines the resources of the earth and their ability to support man. Discusses the expansion of population in relation to resources. Points out the possibility of birth control to curb the dangers of population growth which could outrace the ability to produce. Features Harrison Brown, chemist and author. (KETC) Kinescope.

139. Making ideas available to people (29:36)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the needs of education, federal aid, teacher and classroom shortages. Points out how individuals should be educated to make more valuable use of leisure time. Features Dr. Clarence Faust, President of the Fund for the Advancement of Education. (KETC) Kinescope.

140. Educating on the sub-verbal level (29:37)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Examines the potentiality of education on the sub-verbal level. Discusses the training of the special senses such as vision and the autonomic nervous system. Points out the need for research and application of training on the sub-verbal level in order for man to attain a higher capacity for thought. Features Aldous Huxley, author and lecturer. (KETC) Kinescope.

141. Population, resources and fulfillment (29:37)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a look at the rapid growth in world population as a result of scientific advances in control of disease. Discusses the question of the expanding population with respect to economic and agricultural resources. Features Julian Huxley, biologist and author. (KETC) Kinescope.

142. Preparing people for more significant living (29:37)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a panel discussion on ways and means of preparing people for more significant living. Discusses the importance of a continuing education after formal training has ended. Points out reasons why adults do not continue educating themselves and how to overcome these problems. Features Mr. Aldous Huxley, Dr. Robert Hutchins, and Dr. Clarence Faust. (KETC) Kinescope.

143. Education and the underdeveloped areas of the world (29:34)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a look at world illiteracy. Suggests the use of an already proven method of combating illiteracy in order to help the people of underdeveloped areas. Emphasizes that people are on the move and must be helped. Features Dr. Frank Laubach, missionary, educator, and author. (KETC) Kinescope.

144. Activating human potential (29:45)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a synthesizing of many aspects of education as discussed in the preceding programs. Points out how education can be used most effectively in activating man's potential. Features Mr. Frank Laubach, Mr. Robert Hutchins, and Mr. Aldous Huxley. (KETC) Kinescope.

145. Opening program (35:51)

Date:
1957
Summary:
This is the first in a series of children’s program. Poindexter introduces his friend Mr. Raccoon, Miss Red Hen, The Princes and the Boy from “The Story that Never Ended,” the shoemaker from the story of “The Elves and the Shoemaker,” puppets from the “Grasshopper and the Ants,” the Gingerbread Boy, The Three Little Pigs, and many others. This program sets the scene for the story adventures ahead in this series.

146. The three wishes (15:09)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Hand puppets are used to tell the story of husband and wife who are visited by the Fairy Princess, disguised as an old woman. The husband and wife refuse to feed the Old Woman because their cupboard is bare and they are selfish. The Old Woman visits another peasant cottage, where a kinder husband and wife, beset by misfortune, offer to share their meager meal with the Old Woman.

147. Cinderella (15:09)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Ella's new stepmother discharges all the servants and forces Ella to wait on her and her two stepsisters and to sleep on the cinders. Ella's name is then changed to Cinder-Ella. When the Prince has a grand ball, Cinderella is not allowed to go. But her fairy godmother appears, giving her a beautiful coach, a beautiful new dress for the ball.

148. One eye, two eyes, three eyes (15:05)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Two Eyes, the prettiest and sweetest sister is mistreated by her mother and sisters and never gets enough to eat. Her fairy godmother tells her that her pet goat is magic and if she will say a magic rhyme she will have all the food she wants. Realizing that Two Eyes is eating better than they, the two sisters learn her secret and the goat is killed. Two Eyes then buries the goat's heart by the door step and a gold and silver fruit tree appears. When the Prince comes by and asks for some fruit only Two Eyes can pick it for him. When he learns of her cruel treatment, he takes her to his castle to be his bride.

149. Wanderers on the fringe (29:42)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Curator Wilkinson returns on this program to present the story of the Nomad Scythians who ranged the Russian plains during the Sixth Century BC. Exhibits include examples of Scythian metal work, which was extremely avant-garde for that day. Discussion emphasizes the inventiveness, imaginativeness, and other cultural characteristics of these ancestors of the Russians.

150. The missing city gates (29:54)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Reports on excavations concluded at Nimrud, Iraq. Emphasizes the bronze gates, now in the British Museum, that were originally located in Balavat, near Nimrud. Points out that recent discoveries have shed light on various facets of ancient Assyrian civilization. (NYU) Kinescope.

151. The heretic king (29:09)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the revolutionary reign of King Akhnaton in Egypt, 1400 B.C. Emphasizes his attempt to establish monotheism and to direct Egyptian death. Considers, also, the change in painting and sculpture from ritualistic forms to realism. (NYU) Kinescope.

152. Kings write too (29:54)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the correspondence between ancient kings of the Middle Eastern countries. The letters were recently discovered in the Egyptian village of El-Amarna, and they deal with problems of money, with intrigues, and with marriage settlements. (NU) Kinescope.

153. Indian Corn (15:03)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Tells of the importance of corn to the settlers. Explains how the Indians helped the settlers plant corn and their methods of cultivation. Shows the participation of Indian children in planting, grinding, and keeping birds away from the corn fields.

154. The beginnings of a conference for television (29:29)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Introduces the series, SCIENCE AND HUMAN RESPONSIBILITY, by discussing the reasons for calling the conference. Surveys the problems to be discussed. Features Dr. Huston Smith, Professor of Philosophy, Washington University. (KETC) Kinescope.

155. The stay home bunny (15:11)

Date:
1957
Summary:
A Tom Tichenor original story. Marionettes tell the story of a little bunny who never wants to stay home. When her mother leaves her to attend a meeting, Bunny throws a tantrum. Bunny has a dragon friend named Nogard, who comes to visit her when she has to stay at home. Nogard suggests that Bunny touch his wings so that she can fly, and they fly out of the window together. They visit a castle, and Bunny meets a Princess; they fly on to the Wild Wild Woods where they meet a skunk. Mr. Skunk tells Bunny that he would invite her to his home for dinner but he has nothing to eat. A wolf appears and frightens the skunk away and Bunny terrified hides in a tree trunk. She flies home after the wolf leaves, having learned her lesson… and resolves to always want to stay home.

156. The little rabbit who wanted red wings (15:14)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Animal marionettes portray the characters in the story of a Little Rabbit who is always wishing. His mother sends him to Professor Groundhog, the wisest animal in the forest because she knows the Professor will advise the Little Rabbit not to wish all the time. Prof. Groundhog sends the Little Rabbit to find Pinkney Green, an elf, who can grant one wish. Pinkney Green shows Little Rabbit the magic wishing pond and gives him magic instructions which he must follow before he makes his wish. Little Rabbit wishes for little red wings and home he goes to show his mother. She doesn't recognize him and sends him away. Only Prof. Groundhog knows him and lets him sleep in his home but Little Rabbit finds the wings are most uncomfortable and he can't sleep.

157. The brave tailor (15:07)

Date:
1957
Main contributors:
WKNO-TV, The Junior League of Memphis, Tom Tichenor, Diane Parrish, Emma Wade, Al Gresham, Al Wood, Bill Orr, Howard Holst
Summary:
Marionettes reveal the story of a Young Tailor who buys jam for one slice of bread which attracts seven hungry flies. The tailor kills all seven flies with one blow, decides he is very brave, and goes to the castle to win the hand of the Princess. He presents himself to the King and Queen, who sent him to kill two giants who have been destroying the kingdom. They promise the tailor the Princess in marriage when the giants are dead.

158. Snow White and Rose Red (15:08)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Hand puppets portray the age-old story of two girls named Snow White and Rose Red, who live with their mother in a small cottage near the forest. One evening a bear comes to their door seeking warmth. He is invited in, and after playing with the two little girls, the mother tells him he is welcome to stay with them until spring.

159. The bears bargain (15:10)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Hand puppets enact the story of a man and wife who were too lazy to plant their own pear trees. Their neighbor tells them they may have all the pears that fall from the tree on their side of the fence.The husband goes to fetch wood and meets a bear who agrees to carry wood to the wife if he can have some bread pudding. The selfish husband and wife eat all of the pudding before the bear arrives. When he sees he has been tricked, the bear upsets everything in the house and leaves. He comes to the pear tree and decides to take the pears. Just then the wife sneezes, the bear thinks they are shooting at him so he drops the pears and runs away. The neighbor comes by and recovers the pears that were dropped, leaving the lazy man and wife with nothing.

160. Cow in the house (15:04)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Marionettes present the story of a man and wife who think their house is too small for visiting relatives. Promising to follow the advice of their wise friend, Mr. Wiseman, they bring a rooster, a lamb, a goat, and a cow into their home. After each animal is brought in, Mr. Wiseman asks his friends if their home seems larger, and each time they declare it seems smaller. When the cow is brought in with the other animals, Mr. Wiseman asks again if they don't think that their house seems bigger. The husband then realizes he should be glad his sister and 10 children aren't staying with them. The animals are taken out of the house and the couple realizes how large their home really is.

161. The three spinners (15:13)

Date:
1957
Summary:
This is the story of a young girl who didn't want to spin. Her mother beats her and when the Queen asks why, tells her that Maria will not stop spinning.The Queen takes Maria to her castle and promises her son's hand in marriage when she has spun all the straw in the castle. Three Fairies appear and agree to help Maria if she will invite them to her wedding and introduce them as her Aunts. At the wedding everyone is shocked at the appearance of the three "aunts." One has an enlarged lip, the second a huge thumb, the third an enormous foot, all from spinning straw...all the time. The Prince and the Queen tell Maria she shall never spin again so that she might always be beautiful.

162. Fire and Flame (29:28)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses and explains the zones of a candle flame. Shows the differences between a candle and a burner flame. Uses experiments to illustrate and define air density and convection currents. (KQED) Film.

163. Man's aspirations and his freedom to attain them (29:37)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a discussion of the philosophic atmosphere in which scientists are doing their thinking. Questions man's freedom to do anything. Dr. Arthur H. Compton, Professor of Natural Philosophy, Washington University, is interviewed by host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

164. Man's needs (29:14)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents an analysis of man's trust and greatest needs. Points out that man's aspirations and needs are not always one and the same thing. Features an interview between Dr. Erich Fromm and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

165. Relating human need to human aspirations (29:40)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents a discussion of the use of man's freedom. Tells how freedom can best be utilized to bring about and adjustment between aspirations and needs. Panelists include Dr. Erich Fromm, psychoanalyst, Barbara Ward, economist and author, and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

166. The summing up (29:33)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents the conclusions arrived at during the conference. Uses film clips of statements made by the various conferees to strengthen and point up the conference's conclusions. (KETC) Kinescope.

167. Learning by reinforcement (29:31)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses and demonstrates through film clips the concept of learning by reinforcement. Describes the shaping of behavior by rewarding of a correct action when it occurs by chance. Illustrates the nature of reinforcement by reward, the disappearance of a learned response when reward is discontinued, and the learning of discriminative and cooperative behavior. Uses filmed sequences of Skinner's experimental work with pigeons. (WGBH-TV)

168. Meaning and learning (29:13)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Explains how learning is aided by the meaningfulness of the material to be learned. Points out how rhyme, rhythm, and symbolism are aids to learning. Conducts an experiment to show the relationship of meaning to learning. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

169. Forgetting (29:46)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Illustrates and discusses the chief causes of forgetting. Compares the theories of disuse and interference. Explains the part of retroactive inhibition and motivation in forgetting. Uses charts, diagrams, and examples to illustrate major points. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

170. Unconscious understanding (29:54)

Date:
1957
Summary:
What is the role of unconscious understanding, in dreams, in poetry, and in wit and humor? It plays a major part in all of these. In wit, satire, and puns, the unconscious understanding contributes largely to the meaning. Humor often loses all effect if it must be explained, but rather depends upon immediate, unconscious awareness of the point. Prof. Boring gives many amusing examples from literature.

171. Perception of objects (29:16)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses and illustrates perceptions of objects. Uses diagrams and animated film. Shows how the mind organizes objects psychologically into sets in order to understand them more easily. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

172. Mobilizing economic resources (29:39)

Date:
1957
Summary:
An interview-in-depth with Barbara Ward. An analysis of the existing economic resources of the world; a pointing up of the great disparity between different parts of the world; and a suggestion for a massive transfer of seed capital from the west to the east in order to bring the world standard of living to an over-all high level.

173. Ideas and ideologies (29:27)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the dynamics of ideas and ideologies. Suggests a cultural exchange with Russia in an effort to lessen world tensions. Features Dr. Harold Fisher, Professor of International Relations, San Francisco State College and host Dr. Huston Smith. (KETC) Kinescope.

174. In the world of art, we visit an art gallery (29:27)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick relays that real understanding and appreciation is discovered and developed through frequent visits to the art gallery and museum. We enter an exhibition of painting and sculpture, move from one work of art to the other, at the same time discussing the particular aspects of each as they relate to various contemporary movements in the arts. With illustrative drawings done with chalk at a large easel, the points previously observed and discussed are clarified. The program's guest is Miss Stella Nardozza, Teaching Supervisor, Pittsburgh Television Teaching Demonstration.

175. Wood sculpture in the world of art (29:48)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick discusses wood sculpture as an art form. Describes the tools needed for manipulating the wood. Demonstrates simple methods and techniques of carving. Explains the selection of wood, importance of grain, and factors which contribute to the finished art piece. Illustrates with examples of wood sculpture.

176. Abstract and non-objective painting in the world of art (30:01)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the transition in art from realism to the abstract. Explains the reasons underlying abstract and non-objective painting. Demonstrates important points with illustrations drawn in chalk and paint. Uses prints of abstract painting to clarify and develop a greater understanding of the artist's interpretation. (WQED) Kinescope.

177. Masks in the world of art (29:50)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In this program, Mr. Fitzpatrick discusses masks as a form of art expression, how they are made, and their uses. Describes ceremonial festivals, and the theater. Demonstrates the making of the mask in clay, paper mache, and bent cardboard. Explains how various materials such as raffia, paint, and metal are applied to the mask for decoration. Uses models to illustrate the artistic merit and effectiveness of masks.

178. Sign and symbol (29:21)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Man learned early to read the messages of the footprint and the broken twig and the book of the clouds and the tides, as truly as though these were printed texts. Soon he began to make readable marks, blazing trails, signaling with piled stones and scratches on rock. Out of this came primitive pictograph for purposes of magic, commemoration, and communication. He talked to strangers in a sign language, the very symbols of which later were written down as characters. Simple pictures of these things came to stand for complicated ideas, as well as the things themselves. This opening program shows how very elaborate messages were early conveyed by simple signs.

179. Observation and experiment (29:10)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the significance to science of observation and experimentation. Demonstrates with experiments the difference between observation and laboratory experiments. Shows and explains early laboratory apparatus used in developing natural laws of science. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

180. The unity of science (29:59)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Physicists and biophysicists find common ground in interpreting the oscillation of a suspended spring. It is a simple piece of coiled metal which pulses over a small pool of mercury. The spring and the mercury are connected to a battery. Both scientists agree that the motion, regular and seemingly tireless, results from a design embodying the principle of “positive feedback.” From the biophysicist’s point of view, the pulsing spring is rather like the beating human heart. More and more areas of agreement common to all branches of science thus seems, as Professor LeCorbeiller puts it, “too beautiful not to be true.” And if science is one in revealing nature, will it not demonstrate that nature itself is one … animate and inanimate, spring and heart, body and tone?

181. Introduction (29:44)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Presents an introduction of the series OF SCIENTISTS AND SCIENTISTS. Discusses the subject of science and shows excerpts from other programs in the series. Illustrates with experiments and mathematical problems the kind of thinking essential to the study of science. Features Dr. Philippe LeCorbeiller and Dr. Gerald Holton, Physics Department, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

182. Science and Common Sense (29:42)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the relationship between science and common sense. Demonstrates the validity of the theory that "nature abhors a vacuum." Conducts experiments with water and mercury barometers to show the relationship of atmospheric pressure to the development of a newer and more concise theory. Features Dr. Leonard K. Nash, Professor of Chemistry, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

183. The Large and the Small (30:01)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Shows how man has learned to measure quantities beyond his sight and grasp. Uses diagrams to explain how the size of the earth was discovered in classical times. Examines modern problems of extreme scale including the universe and size of viruses. Features Dr. Philippe LeCorbeiller, Professor of Physics, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

184. The Distance to the Sun (29:35)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Uses charts, models, and diagrams to illustrate basic concepts of solar measurement. Explains the use of parallax in finding the scale of the universe. Demonstrates how to find the distance to the moon and sun. Features Dr. Cecelia Payne-Gaposchkin, Professor of Astronomy, Harvard University. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

185. The cross (29:46)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Continues the painting shown in THE HANDS. Shows the outlining and painting of the cross, including the addition of the grain of the wood. Explains the importance of the cross to the theme of the painting. (KETC) Kinescope.

186. The painting takes shape (29:48)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Continues the painting shown in UNDERPAINTING. More area is covered with underpaint, the head and face are developed through the use of brushes, and additional work is done on the chest area.

187. Language of music (29:42)

Date:
1957
Summary:
In this program, Mr. Goldovsky clearly demonstrates the need for close attention to the language of the written musical score. Through musical example he aptly demonstrates the use of the musical passage as a guide to stage production and direction. He gives a more complete understanding of the opera through recognition of the language of music.

188. Introduction (28:52)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Introduces as artist who begins the painting, "The Man of Sorrows," portraying Christ on the Cross. Shows the rough sketch which serves as a guide for the painting and discusses philosophic and artistic considerations involved in its execution. (KETC) Kinescope.

189. Learning by association (28:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Explains the classical principles of learning by association. Discusses the work of Ebbinghaus and Pavlov. Presents the laws of frequency of contiguity and reinforcement by satisfaction. Illustrates contiguity, exercise, and effect. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

190. Experimental psychology : action and thought have causes (30:24)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses human action and its causes. Compares voluntary and involuntary response. Uses a slow motion film clip to demonstrate the startle response. Concludes with a demonstration to show that voluntary effort has its causes. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

191. Responding to a stimulus (29:46)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Shows in detail what happens in a stimulus-response situation. Illustrates with a startle response. Explains the sensitivity of the five senses. Discusses the rods and cones of the eye and their purposes. Describes the type of response caused by muscles and glands. Points out the interrelations of the endocrine glands. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

192. The writer's tone of voice (29:15)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Illustrates, through music and poetry, the importance of interpreting the writer's tone of voice in deriving meaning from written communication. Defines tone as the relationship between what is meant and what is said. Points out that all written communication has some kind of tone. Discusses the reader's responsibility in reading the right tone from the printed page. (KETC) Kinescope.

194. Seeing double (29:19)

Date:
1957
Summary:
How and why do some writers arrange the fragments they have selected from actuality in an overlapping repetitive way?

195. With an American accent (29:20)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Develops the theme that the ultimate aim of literature is ethical. Defines the accent of literature as a characteristic way of thinking which reflects a particular manner of speaking or sounding. Points out that literature must serve a cause or purpose. Uses examples from the writings of Carl Sandburg and Mark Twain. (KETC) Kinescope.

196. How big is the moon? (29:57)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the use of scientific method in psychology. Uses the moon illusion to explain the development of a scientific hypothesis. Shows how psychological experiments are solving the problem of the moon illusion. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

197. Instincts (29:47)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Prof. Boring presents examples of instinctive behavior: Iron filings line up in a magnetic field; a cat rights itself when dropped; plants turn toward light; a person’s eyes blink, when an object suddenly passes close to the eye.

198. How fast can you react? (29:57)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Prof. Boring shows how human beings can be “set” or “tuned in” to a special response just as a radio can be tuned to a particular station. The brain can be directed along a certain channel, which it will follow until that channel or “station” is changed. Once told to think of rhyming words for example the voluntary subject concentrates on the sound of words almost exclusively, until she comes to “month,” for which there is only one unfamiliar rhyme. (WGBH-TV) Kinescope.

199. What do you like best and least? (29:56)

Date:
1957
Summary:
There is a definite reason for most of your likes and dislikes, says Prof. Boring. He shows how measurements of them can be taken themselves, examples of preferred experiences which are largely results of learning; for example, pleasant pains, dissonance in musical intervals, and cultivated smells. He reminds us that man is a behaving organism that tries to get what he likes and likes what he tries to get, and that his preferences are established by heredity and learning.

200. The illustration and the text (29:50)

Date:
1957
Summary:
Discusses the collaboration between authors and illustrators in illustrating a text. Describes the problems involved and stresses the importance of the illustrator and the author working together. Defines an illustration as successful when it conveys accurately the ideas in the text. Uses examples from John Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, George Cruikshank's etchings for The Old Curiosity Shop, Rockwell Kent's woodcuts for Moby Dick, and others. (KETC) Kinescope.