351. The Riddle of the City (29:35)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Cities are growing at an explosive rate; more and more people come to cities to liv, to work, to raise their families where there are the greatest number of opportunities for jobs, education, and recreation. But these thousands of new inhabitants do not only increasethe population of the city; they also magnify the problems that any group of people face when they live together in large numbers. Where to live? How to move about? How to govern themselves and guide the development of the community in which they live? The first program of METROPLEX sets the stage for the others, explaining why people are attracted to the city, and what difficulties they and the community face when they move there. Photographs, film clips, diagrams, and sketches are used to good effect to make the picture clear.

352. The war (29:49)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Deals with the prelude to and the events of the Revolution of 1917. Discusses the relations between Lenin and the German government. Presents re-enactments of Lenin's return to Russia from Germany, his activities immediately upon his return, and the efforts to form his "dictatorship of the proletariat."

353. The why of national goals (30:18)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Dr. Wriston and Erwin D. Canham, editor of the Christian Science Monitor, explore the reasons for the President’s Commission on National Goals. They quickly make the point that Americans set their own goals and that the Commission does not intend to impose its conclusions on the public. The report goals for Americans is designed to be a handbook for thoughtful citizens, to focus their attention and discussion on topics of importance, and to give them the facts to reach their own conclusions. Leadership in America, Dr. Wriston and Mr. Canham point out, resides in many places – in the Presidency, in local government, in pressure groups, and in the individual. The goals mentioned in the course of this program are suggestions stemming from current public opinion, and are designed to help Americans give their country a forward direction in the coming years.

354. Theory and tactics : Bolshevism on the march (30:29)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Presents the development of Communism from 1904-1914. Uses commentary, dramatic reenactments, and photographs of the situation in Czarist Russia and the conditions which permitted the growth of the Bolshevik party. Portrays Lenin's exile scene to the abortive revolt of 1905, resulting in the emergence of Trotsky. Concludes by describing the fund-raising techniques of the party and an introduction to the young Joseph Stalin.

355. Threads of life (29:31)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Presents an analysis of nucleic acid. Uses a large model of the tobacco mosaic virus to explain its structure. Demonstrates how a virus can be reconstituted from nucleic acid and protein molecules. Discusses the recent discovery of the alteration of nucleic acid to form mutations of the original virus. Concludes with a theory which may account for the way in which genetic information is stored in nucleic acid and then translated into a specific protein structure.

356. Village life in the "new Japan" (30:26)

Date:
1961
Summary:
What it means to live in a contemporary Japanese village is shown through film shot especially for this series in Nijike, 430 miles from Tokyo. A housewife appears in the film sequences, but the voice heard in the narration is that of Miss Kimie Tojo, daughter of the late Premier Tojo. Professor Ward, host for the program, points out that the village has often been considered the backbone of traditional Japan. His guest, Richard K. Beardsley, Professor of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, concurs. It is the land, (Professor Beardsley says), the importance of working the land, of keeping it going, of keeping it in the family, that strongly enforces traditional ways in Japanese villages. These traditional ways stress cooperation on a family and on a community level, and the subordination of each person to the collective good. Holding and working the land is a way of life, not a business. Yet the modern world has made its impression on village life. A century ago the village had little connection with the outside world. Now, as a result of central government supervision, police and military conscription, economic changes brought about when the villagers began to raise crops for outside sale, a national system of schools, and the introduction of electricity and radios, this insular picture has altered. But because of the basic social conditions and the primary concern for working the land, changes occur slowly. In their own villages, younger men are gaining control because they understand machinery and marketing best. A real social transformation is taking place, but quietly, without violence, without setting life off balance. The families scrape a living from two acres of land and stay, for the most part, buried within the household and the community. They find satisfaction from living collectively. Their way of life has for generations fitted their nature and their circumstances; yet it seems flexible enough to make room for the new.

357. VISTA : Gadfly in the ghetto (17:29)

Date:
1961
Summary:
This NBC film shows how a community organization in New York City has helped to diffuse a violent atmosphere. It also demonstrates consumer (tenant) protection by the use of legal-aid and rent strikes.

358. Washington Conversation: Stewart Udall (32:00)

Date:
1961
Main contributors:
Paul Niven, Stewart Udall, Michael J. Marlow, Bill Linden
Summary:
In this interview Secretary of the Interior, Stewart Udall, discussed issues relating to his role as Secretary of the Interior. He shared his desire to implement conservation policies in the Eastern United States since previous conservation efforts had been concentrated in western states. He also addressed the Republicans’ complaints that the Kennedy administration favored public power over private power. Another topic Udall addressed was the Department of Interior relationship with Native Americans during his administration.

359. Where's Everybody Going? (29:52)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Cities are growing, and people have to move about in them. How they do this can have a considerable effect on the development of the city itself. Many –perhaps most –of the inhabitants of a city own cars, and the temptation to use them is easy to understand. But often a private car is not the best way to get from here to there in a city; public transportation –buses, subways, streetcars, even helicopters for longer distance –is often the best way to move people. Yet too often even so simple a matter as intra-urban transportation resembles a jigsaw puzzle. Groups have grown up to handle different parts of the problem, with the results that these units may overlap, or do not cover the whole problem. The older geographical areas which they were established to serve are new sections within a larger unit, but the original group still exist while the transportation problems become more and more complicated, and increasingly in need of overall planning. Once again the program concludes with a plea to the citizen to learn more about the problems of urban transportation, and to help his community to resolve some of them.

360. Writers of today. Allen Curnow (29:12)

Date:
1961
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Professor Joel Climenhaga interviews New Zealand poet, Allen Curnow. Includes a discussion of Curnow's poetry, which reveals the character, history, and folklore of New Zealand. Presents his views on the role of the problems involved in writing in and about a new country.

361. Writers of today. Nadine Gordimer (29:13)

Date:
1961
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Literary critic and lecturer on South African affairs, John Barkham interviews the distinguished South African author, Nadine Gordimer. Deals with subjects ranging from the effect of South Africa on the author's work and her attitude towards racial problems to her opinions of C.P. Snow. Reveals her opinions of America, of herself, and of her writing. Presents her advice for the beginning writer.

362. Small World-Henry Jackson, Denis Healey (33:09)

Date:
1960-03-27
Main contributors:
Henry Jackson, Denis Healey, Edward Murrow
Summary:
Senator Henry Jackson and British MP Denis Healey have a transatlantic debate over if there should be a continuous airborne alert system in case of a Soviet Union attack. Jackson argues in favor of a continuous airborne system while Healey argues against.

363. A sane nuclear policy (29:38)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Discusses methods of controlling nuclear testing. Outlines the obligation of the United States in assuming leadership in the control of such testing. Points out possible effects of continued tests. Makes suggestions concerning what can be done by various groups to diminish the dangers posed by continued testing of nuclear weapons. Features Norman Cousins, editor of the Saturday Review.

364. A Time to Dance (1:00:37)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Dance is a universal experience, and Miss Myers introduces the series with paintings, sculptures and film clips showing ethnic dances throughout history and the world. Following this, she presents the three major forms of dance – ethnic, ballet, and modern. To illustrate these, the Ximenez-Vargas Company performs two European ethnic dances. They are followed by Melissa Hayden and Jacques D’Amboise, who execute a 17th century court dance, the predecessor of pure classical ballet which is represented by the pas de deux from The Nutcracker Suite. As the French court and manners of the 17th century affected later ballet, so today’s social developments and conditions affect modern dance. Daniel Negrin performs an illustrative dance satire to introduce the audience to forms of the modern dance.

366. Between the living and non-living (29:36)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Shows how various viruses fit between the largest non-living molecule and the smallest unit of life. Uses models to explain the organization of various kinds of molecules and viruses. Reviews the first experiment in which a virus was isolated, purified, and crystallized. Concludes with a discussion on the importance of viruses in the understanding of all living matter.

367. C. Northcote Parkinson : part I (29:29)

Date:
1960
Summary:
What is Parkinson’s Law? “Work expands to fill the time available for its completion.” This law, and its ramifications, were first set out in the London Economist in 1956, after Professor Parkinson had developed them during his work in the Royal Air Force and a tour of duty in the South Pacific. He explains their application to civil service work, to the operations of administrative agencies, to the establishment of a university, and to the competition between industries.

368. C. Northcote Parkinson : part II (29:29)

Date:
1960
Summary:
What have been the results of the publication of Parkinson’s Law? Although it has prompted other critics to take new looks at the organizations which speckle out society, says Professor Parkinson, too many corporations, universities, and so on still seem to be operating under this law. Professor Parkinson turns his analysis on the social scientists, on the cocktail party, and on American motorized traffic, to conclude his examination of the basic principles of his Law.

369. C. Northcote Parkinson : part III (29:48)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Does geography make a difference in political thought? Dr. Parkinson discusses his book Evolution of Political Thought, and suggests that geography, and geographical isolation, do make a difference in political thought and practice. He traces the cycle which goes from a primitive paternal structure through a monarchy to an aristocracy, then to a dictatorship, then back to monarchy. Although he sees this as a fairly consistent pattern, Professor Parkinson does not believe that this is, in effect, historical determinism. Men can change his destiny, he says, and the experiments in democracy, although they have not been going long enough to suggest a definite trend, prove man’s freedom of choice. In fitting the Soviet Union into this pattern, Professor Parkinson remarks that it could be called a technological monarchy.

370. C. Northcote Parkinson : part IV (29:30)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Raffles Professor of History C. Northcote Parkinson, University of Pittsburgh professor Joseph J. Zasloff, and member of the organizing committee for the 1958 International Systems Meeting Robert Lee discuss the significance of modern Asia.

371. Campaign Strategy (29:31)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Discusses the theory of political campaigns, and simulates, with actors, a committee outlining the campaign strategy for a candidate. Covers such issues as the techniques to be used, to whom they will appeal, and financing the campaign. Gives a general summary and evaluation of party campaigns and strategies. (University of Michigan Television) Kinescope.

372. Case studies in the new nationalism : the Arab world (29:51)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Discusses the history of Arab Nationalism, Arab Nationalistic competition, and Republican versus Monarchical Nationalism. Surveys the use of Nasser in Egypt. Explains the role of anti-colonialism and anti Zionism in the nationalistic rise of the Arab World. Illustrates with film clips, pictures, and maps.

373. Case Studies in the New Nationalism: Asia (29:40)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Surveys the rise of nationalism in China and India. Explains the role of Western influence in their struggles. Discusses the reactions of China and India to the impact of the West and the divergent roads traveled to nationalism.

374. Charles Malik : part 2 (29:27)

Date:
1960
Summary:
What problems are posed by the underdeveloped countries to the rest of the world? Mr. Malik begins by describing the standard of living, and what independence from colonial status has meant for these countries. Many of these must accept economic aid, raising the question of how they can accept it and remain independent. Mr. Malik believes that there are fundamental principles which must be common to all nations, whatever their social or political structure may be. These principles could in part be contributed by countries giving aid. Both the new and the established countries recognize the need for economic groupings similar to the OEEC, or the European Coal and Steel Community, although small nations are handicapped in participating by a lack of experience and of funds, a disproportionately large portion of which is devoted to the maintenance of an army. This, concludes Mr. Malik, is one reason why development is slower than it could be.

375. Charles Malik : part 3 (29:36)

Date:
1960
Summary:
What is the position of the Near Eastern countries today? Dr. Malik introduces the topic by describing why he feels education is so essential to their development. Theoretical values and general policies must be developed before specific problems can be attacked, such as the problems which Islam will have in adjusting to the modern world. It is no longer possible to return to pure Islam, free from the influences of the West, he believes. The Arab nations are anxious to become substantial, self-respecting members of the world community. They look for a leader who will give them direction and guidance without forcing them away from their traditional values. Of the revolutions which have upset the Arab world since the end World War II, Dr. Malik says these are usually due to circumstances which have become intolerable. At the end of the program, Dr. Malik presents a plea for understanding and toleration of the Arab community, as it attempts to establish itself in the modern world.

376. Charles Malik : part 4 (29:44)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Charles Malik, President of the General Assembly of the United Nations and ambassador from Lebanon discusses criticism and truth in world diplomacy. He is joined by Dr. Richard Cottam, Department of Political Science, University of Pittsburgh, and Mr. T.F.X. Higgins, Executive Director of the Foreign Policy Association of Pittsburgh.

377. City Driving (29:40)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Deals with the complexities that result from increased traffic conditions such as turns, clearing intersections, choosing proper lanes, and pedestrian problems. Explains the effectiveness of courtesy in relation to positive and negative situations. Covers the restrictions and requirements of parking. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.

378. Classical Ballet (1:32:05)

Date:
1960
Summary:
The strict rules of classical ballet have been developed over the past five hundred years, and in this program Miss Myers demonstrates some of the basic principles, and the final applications of the traditions of this type of dance. Prints, drawings and photographs display the development of the traditions, and the three young students of the ballet demonstrate the essential positions and steps which every student must know. Maria Tallchief and Andre Eglevsky perform the pas de deux from “Swan Lake” and “Sylvia.” In addition, the opening of the program is a film clip of the corps de ballet of the Bolshoi Company dancing a scene from “Swan Lake.”

379. Dance : a reflection of our times (29:37)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Discusses the use of the dance as a social commentary and relates it to the critical statements of artists in other fields. Presents a performance of "Caprichos" based on Goya's etchings of man's weaknesses. In contrast, an excerpt from Paeon is performed. Features choreographer Herbert Ross and his troupe.

380. Defensive Action (29:41)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Reviews defensive driving and the importance of perception. Defines defensive action. Discusses loss in perception, comprehensive viewing vs. acute viewing, scanning, the need to make sure the other driver sees you, distractions, the importance of developing seeing habits, highway design and high accident locations. Concludes with review questions. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.

381. Defensive Driving (29:46)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Discusses the element of chance and the philosophy of defensive driving. Emphasizes that obeying the law is not enough--it is important to uses our sense of perception. Defines what is meant by the word perception. Concludes with review questions. (Cincinnati Public Schools and WCET) Kinescope.

382. Degas: master of motion (14:30)

Date:
1960
Main contributors:
Richard F. Brown, Jean S. Boggs, Lester Novros, Russell J. Smith, Paul Levine, Richard Herber, Richard MacCann, Walter Ducloux, Herbert Farmer, Ted Comillion, Kenneth Miura, Daniel Wiegand, James Hopkins, David Johnson, Richard Dyer MacCann, University of Southern California, Department of Cinema
Summary:
An exhibition of more than 100 works of Degas--drawings, paintings, and sculpture--at the Los Angeles County Museum, emphasizing his three favorite subjects: horses and jockeys, portraits, and ballet dancers. Explains that Degas was an artist who saw with his intellect as much as he saw with his eyes and his feelings and captured the beauty and uniqueness of a moment of movement.

383. Dr. Henry M. Wriston : the development of the Department of State (29:19)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Dr. Wriston is interviewed by Edward Green, executive assistant to the President on the Westinghouse Air Brake Corporation, and Dr. Joseph Zasloff, professor of political science at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Wriston discusses his life-long interest in the State Department. His interest grew while he was a graduate student at Harvard. He traces the State Department from the time of George Washington to the present. He claims the department had little serious responsibility before World War I, that in past years the Foreign Service was a corps of independently wealthy elite, and that now the United States had an extraordinarily well-trained foreign service. However, according to Dr. Wriston, the idea of a Foreign Service Institute to train diplomats as thoroughly as the military academies train military man, is a good one which has been poorly executed.

384. Dr. Thomas A. Dooley (29:40)

Date:
1960
Summary:
On his PLATFORM programs, Dr. Thomas A. Dooley speaks his mind on the image of America in Southeast Asia. He calls for a renewal of the traditional American approach to under-developed countries --the approach through American individuals and voluntary organizations rather than heavy reliance on government agencies. “The most powerful tool we have is the human personality. Education is the most important thing we have to offer to Asia, and people are the only ones who can bring education. Books and propaganda leaflets cannot do it. The tremendous value that I wish more people in Washington would realize is the value of the individual person. If we would just flood these countries with individual young American men and women we could accomplish a great deal. We need people who will live and work with these people in their villages.” Dr. Dooley points out that the Communists realize that the future of Asia lies in the villages. They are making an intensive effort through local people to identify America with the hated French colonialism. He says the Communists attack the spirit of America and we too often counter with mere boasting about our material achievements. Dr. Dooley also discusses the “Great White Fleet” which he feels is going to cause more harm than good. He believes the term “Great White Fleet” is an unfortunate one since it fails to recognize the Asian distrust of the white man and hatred of colonialism. Fleets were instruments of imperialism in the past and a great aircraft carrier in a harbor of Asia or Africa even if it is loaded with medicine conveys another meaning to the people. His major criticism of the “Great White Fleet” is, however, that it is not a “grass roots” program designed to be an integral long-range part of the underdeveloped countries.

385. Drug therapy (29:37)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Discusses the benefits and problems involved in using tranquilizing drugs with the mentally ill. Shows how drug therapy is being utilized. Includes views of a tour through a research laboratory where work is conducted on the effects of drugs. Features Dr. Douglas Goldman.

386. Drugs: The Bio-Chemist's Scalpel (29:31)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Explains the effects of drugs on cells. Analyzes sulfanilimide, showing how it was derived, how it is used, and how compounds are derived from it.

387. Early treatment of the mentally ill (29:50)

Date:
1960
Summary:
The program -- and the series -- is introduced by explanation of the cage in the title of the series. The cage symbolizes the restraints, chains, cells and prisons in which the mentally ill were kept by societies ignorant and afraid of the true nature of insanity. It also represents the progress man has made in freeing the mentally ill from these restraints as more has been learned about this problem. This program outlines the history of the treatment of insanity from earliest times through the end of the middle ages. The narrator, Mr. Stephen Palmer, describes some of the misapprehensions about insanity, some of the ways the ancient Greeks and Romans treated it, and what happened to classical thought on the subject after the fall of the Roman Empire. The influence of the rise of the Roman Catholic Church, the belief in angels, devils and magic, the methods used by the Holy Inquisition to cure madness are presented in the narration: pictures, statues, and old engravings are all used.

388. Ethnic Dance--Roundtrip to Trinidad (32:36)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Explores the significance of ethnic dance in the field of formal dance. Presents a variety of West Indian dances. Explains their derivations and movements. Includes Bele, a West Indian adaptation of the minuet; Yanvallou, a voodoo dance; and Banda, a Haitian dance about death. Features Geoffrey Holder and Carmen de Lavallade.

389. Everett Ross Clinchy : part III (29:50)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Dr. Clinchy discusses the problems involved in educating individuals for tolerance, including such questions as: Where do you meet strangers? What good may come out of a meeting of strangers, if such a meeting may provide conflict? Is conflict itself a good thing? Should individuality or homogeneity be encouraged in a society? What place does education have in preparing people for toleration? Can you condition people’s emotions? Dr. Clinchy makes the point that one essential for toleration is the assumption of responsibility. Toleration is not, and should not be, synonymous with indifference, and individuals must work actively to eradicate old prejudices and mistrusts, he concludes.

390. Expansion and Empire Building (29:15)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Traces the history of imperialism from the 15th Century to the present, Explains the reasons which lead to empire building by nation states. Discusses the geographical, economic, and political changes brought about by colonialism.

391. Final thaw (29:39)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Dramatizes a situation in which four persons, faced with possible death, reexamine their personal philosophies. An intellectual whose god is pure reason begins to realize his basic loneliness. An American businessman who must rely on cold organization reveals himself as warmly human. His wife turns from agreement with the intellectual's original view to agreement with her husband's new attitude. A German guide, a former Nazi who has lost the collective, totalitarian world he understands, leaves apparently to seek death in the mountains.

392. Gait and musculoskeletal disorders (34:15)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Illustrates abnormalities in gait caused by pain, structural defects and deformities, neuromuscular disorders, and a combination of these causes. Details technical symptoms of the gait and posture resulting from poliomyelitis, spastic paralysis, hypotrolic muscular dystrophy, distonia musculora, and dislocation of the hip, indicating the results of the Trendenburg, flexion, and other tests. Presents Dr. William T. Green of Harvard Medical School providing the narration for the examples and conducting the physical examination for each case stressing that careful observation of the gait is one of the key factors in diagnosis.

393. Giant Molecules (29:39)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Presents an analysis of the structure of viruses and how they are studied. Shows and explains how an electron microscope works. Uses film clips of experiments to demonstrate the cultivation, isolation, and purification of viruses. Concludes with a discussion of the differences between viruses.

394. Gravity : the mighty pull (13:43)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Explains the basic principles of gravitational attraction that relate to the earth, and other planets, and the sun. Relates these principles to flights of rockets and artificial satellites and includes the experiments on weightlessness that is encountered by astronauts. Gives a number of practical examples from everyday life and explains the role of gravity in these situations. Concludes with three questions for children to solve.

395. Great Performance in Dance (1:30:10)

Date:
1960
Summary:
This program presents rare film clips of outstanding dancers: Anna Pavlova, Irene and Vernon Castle, and Argentinita, as well as performances by Alexandra Danilova and Frederick Franklin, to illustrate the importance of the dancer as the creator of a dance. Two sets of distinguished dancers perform the same roles from the balled “Le Beau Danube” to show how individual interpretation can vary the effect of the same choreography. Dance critic Walter Terry joins Miss Myers to discuss the importance of an interplay between choreographer and performer.

396. High Arctic Biome (22:36)

Date:
1960
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Shows the simple forms of plant life that appear upon retreat of the glaciers and the role of these plants in preparing the earth's surface for other plant and animal life. "Forests" of the high Arctic are shown to be only inches high though many years old. The struggle for life existing among plant forms and animal forms in this harsh environment is depicted as the variety of species in the region are surveyed.

397. High Arctic Biome (22:36)

Date:
1960
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Shows the simple forms of plant life that appear upon retreat of the glaciers and the role of these plants in preparing the earth's surface for other plant and animal life. "Forests" of the high Arctic are shown to be only inches high though many years old. The struggle for life existing among plant forms and animal forms in this harsh environment is depicted as the variety of species in the region are surveyed.

398. Highway Driving (29:29)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Emphasizes the hazards the inexperienced city driver must learn to recognize. Shows the unusual situations that may arise from driver fatigue. Explains how to avoid fatigue. Presents a complete picture of the advantages and special dangers confronted on expressways. Describes necessary action to protect occupants in your car.

399. Hospital administration (29:24)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Present a tour of the Eastern State Hospital for the mentally ill in Lexington, Kentucky. Explains how the hospital is organized, and describes innovations which have been introduced such as opens wards and mixed dayrooms. Shows what happens to a patient from the time he is admitted until he is ready for release.

400. How viruses kill (29:28)

Date:
1960
Summary:
Explains how a virus destroys cells. Uses animated films and microcinematography to show how a virus enters a cell, stops its normal functions, and reproduces more viruses. Tells how the new viruses are made and describes their method of escape to infect other cells. Concludes with a discussion of possible methods of controlling viral diseases.