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In this episode of Portrait, Harry Reasoner interviews Air Force Chief of Staff General Curtis LeMay. Reasoner questions LeMay on his military career and the changes in the air force from when he first enlisted to the present. Reasoner also questions LeMay about the likelihood of war with the Soviet Union and how well prepared America is for a war.
Marvin Kalb, George Herman, Paul Niven, Dan Rather, Ben Flynn, Robert Camfiord
Summary:
This episode of CBS Washington Report covers the Civil Right Movement and showdown between Governor Wallace and the Kennedy administration over the implementation of desegregation at the University of Alabama. The other news story is about world hunger and its relation to overpopulation.
An informative seminar about the production and accounting of a television series. The hosts give a demonstration of the process a studio goes through in preparation for shooting a show.
Pictures the globe as a model of the earth and points out the representative shape and color of land and water areas. Identifies the continents and compares their sizes and locations. Uses animation to show the character of the ocean floor. Explains the poles and scales of latitude and compares various types of globes.
Describes various phases of high temperature research, giving examples of compounds being used, goals of the research, and some results to date. Discusses procedures being used, with emphasis on procedures with titanium sulfide.
Lee Hansen, a young horror writer who is struggling creatively, has recurring dreams of an odd abandoned house. In his dreams, he sees prophetic visions of the deaths of his loved ones. Where does the dream end and reality begin?
Reviews Eric Hoffer's views on man as a truly free being. Describes check of absolute power and struggle away from the animal in man as prerequisites to freedom. Reveals play as one of the best times for man to receive insight.
Presents several Southerners who advocate viewpoints and actions which are at variance with extremists on both sides of the civil rights issue. Interviews Governor Carl E. Sanders of Georgia; R. E. McIver, a businessman of Conway, South Carolina: The Reverend James L. Hooten, minister of the First Christian Church, Savannah, Alabama; Beverly Briley, Mayor of Nashville, Tennessee; and Eleanor Sheppard (Mrs. Thomas E.), Mayor of Richmond, Virginia. Indicates that the differences of attitudes and approaches to civil rights presented provided insight into a range of viewpoints which would add sanity and stability to the South in the present period of crisis.
Reveals the intense feeling for the weak individual and the place in society which Eric Hoffer has achieved. Describes working as source of power for these people. Focuses on Hoffer's systematized mode of living with its inherent difficulties for the weak individual.
Presents, in fable form, the philosophical question of free will versus determinism. The mannequins in a store window come to life and threaten the window dresser. Cartoon figures--symbolizing man--watch the action in the window and react in various but accepted ways.
Explains how the development of the computer has made possible the automatic control of routine tasks in government, industry, and general business. Includes demonstrations of the use of computers by the Social Security Administration, by a medium-sized industrial plant, by a machine corporation, and at an oil refinery. Comments on the value of computers in administration and management.
Erling M. Hunt, Wade Arnold, Abraham Ribicoff, Center for Mass Communication, Columbia University Press
Summary:
Discusses the purposes and functions of the five major divisions within the department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Describes the several offices, agencies, and bureaus, and indicates how these deal with foods, drugs, social security, vocational rehabilitation, and education. Emphasizes that the major concern of the department is to benefit individuals in their living. Narrated by Abraham Ribicoff, a former secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Discusses the purposes and functions of the five major divisions within the department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Describes the several offices, agencies, and bureaus, and indicates how these deal with foods, drugs, social security, vocational rehabilitation, and education. Emphasizes that the major concern of the department is to benefit individuals in their living. Narrated by Abraham Ribicoff, a former secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Describes a geometric circle and defines and illustrates such terms as radius, congruent circles, chord, diameter, major and minor arcs, semicircles, and central angle. Shows the relationship between a central angle and its arc; presents methods for proving arcs equal in degrees and length; and describes the relationships of a diameter, a chord, and its intersected arcs.
Focuses upon actress Ingrid Thulin and producer-director Ingmar Bergman. Shows Miss Thulin at home and at work as she comments upon the acting profession in Sweden. Presents background to the development of Bergman. Contains scenes from some of his work, including "Winter Light" in which Miss Thulin played the leading female part.
Presents Eric Hoffer in an extended dialogue on man's weaknesses and how they relate to the total process of learning to become human. Describes human nature as highly unnatural in comparison with the simplicity of the physical sciences. Reviews man's struggle to survive by attempting the impossible and overcoming his weakness.
Mr. Hoffer discusses with Mr. Day how change affects an individual’s self-esteem. He considers change in relation to the problems of African-Americans, the under-developed countries of Asia and Africa, and popular upheavals in communist countries. He says: “Times of drastic change are times of passion. We can never be fit and ready for that which is wholly new. We have to adjust ourselves, and every radical adjustment is a crisis in self-esteem. We undergo a test; we have to prove ourselves. A population subjected to drastic change is thus a population of misfits, and misfits live and breathe in an atmosphere of passion.”
Pictures and describes the regional campuses of Indiana University, pointing out their function and relationship to the University as a whole. Shows activities at the campuses, both inside the classroom and out. Emphasizes the educational opportunities offered the citizens of Indiana through the regional campuses.
Mr. Hoffer discusses with Mr. Day the question of what happens when intellectuals gain control of a country. He explains why he believes that Asian and African intellectuals fear America, suggests that a society controlled by intellectuals is not conducive to creative activity, and explains his view that a scribe – a man of words – is a dangerous man when he becomes a man of action. Mr. Hoffer maintains that an intellectual is not at home in a free society.
Uses animation and live-action photography to explain the need for satellites in long distance radio and television communication. Compares three types of communication satellites which have been launched--Echo, Telstar, and Syncom--explains their capabilities, and suggests future uses of satellites for space communication.
Eric Sevareid, Marian Anderson, Philip Gittelman, Martin Carr
Summary:
In this episode of Portrait, Eric Sevareid interviews singer Marion Anderson. During the interview Anderson explains how her mother's support was one of the reasons for her successful singing career. She also reflects on when she had to perform at an outdoor concert in front of the Lincoln Memorial because the Daughters of the American Revolution prohibited her from singing in Constitution Hall because she was black. Other parts of the interview include Anderson talking about her European and Asian tours, her start in opera singing, her religious beliefs, and her personal life. Throughout the episode clips are shown of Marion Anderson singing throughout her career.
John R. Coleman, David Schoenbrun, Perry Wolff, Bruce Minnix
Summary:
In the fourth episode of Money Talks, Dr. John R. Coleman discusses the potential conflicts of interests that might arise between government and businesses. Both the government and businesses want to have competition in the economy. Coleman explains how the government and businesses might have differing opinions on how to best implement healthy competition in the economy He illustrates this point by examining monopolies, labor, profits, and subsidies from the point of view of both the government and businesses. Coleman states the government and businesses need to have thoughtful economic discussions to maintain a strong healthy economy. David Schoenbrun concludes the episode by analyzing whether President Kennedy is anti-business.
John R. Coleman, David Schoenbrun, Perry Wolff, Bruce Minnix
Summary:
Dr. John R. Coleman explains economic concepts that enable people to measure and analyze the economy such as gross national product, consumer price index, and stock market index. He also explains how labor resources can be measured through the employment/unemployment rate and that there is a correlation between the employment rate and the consumer price index. Coleman concludes the episode by explaining different ways to increase the gross national product and the consequences behind each action.
Igor Stravinsky, New York City Ballet, The Columbia Symphony Orchestra and Chorus, Kirk Browning, Laurence Harvey, George Balanchine, Robert D. Graff, Edward Villella, Rouben Ter-Arutunian, Sebastian Cabot, Elsa Lanchester, Paul Tripp, John Readon, Robert Oliver, Richard Robinson, Jacques D'Amboise, Jillana, Raman Segarra, Joysanne Sidimus, Robert Tamplin, Robert Craft, Jack Richardson, John McClure, Gregg Smith, Rowland Vance, Ted Miller, Paul Shiers, Bob Barry, Wes Laws, Sextant Production
Summary:
In 1960 CBS commissioned renown composer, Igor Stravinsky, to compose a new ballet composition, Noah and the Flood, that would be adapted for a TV special. This was supposed to be one out of an eight part series of TV specials that featured prominent artists. Most of these specials never came to fruition. The ballet told the story of Noah and the Flood with symbolic references to other biblical narratives. The choreography was directed by George Balanchine and the ballet was performed by the New York City Ballet. An addition to the performance the TV special also included an overview of Stravinsky’s career and an exposition of the biblical context. The performance was aired on CBS in 1962 with Breck shampoo as the sponsor. The TV special received a negative reception. Many critics complained the added exposition and narration detracted from the performance. In addition the critics thought Noah and the Flood was not the best work Stravinsky and Blanchine had produced in their careers.
Paul Niven, John C. Stennis, Michael J. Marlow, Clark Pangle
Summary:
In this interview John C. Stennis, the senator of Mississippi, discusses the civil right bills being brought forth before Congress and how he considers them to be unconstitutional. Stennis explains his support for racial segregation and and his opposition to the bill that would later become the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Stennis is also questioned about the political realignment in America and the Republicans' growing support in the south.
CBS, WTOP-TV, Paul Niven, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Bill Linden, Michael J. Marlow
Summary:
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is interviewed by CBS news correspondent Paul Niven about his goals and reflections on the Civil Rights Movement. Some of the topics MLKJ addressed in the interview are interracial marriages, his childhood experience with racism, his father attitude to racism and segregation, Mahatma Gandhi, and his views on John F. Kennedy response to civil right issues.
Paul Niven, Carl Hayden, Michael J. Marlow, Bill Linden
Summary:
Senator Carl Hayden is interviewed about his life and his political career. Hayden recounts his time serving as a sheriff in Arizona and how Congress had changed since he first arrived in Washington.
Traces the history of computer development from the first mechanical calculators to ENIAC, the first electronic computer. Explains in lay terms how a modern digital computer stores both data and instructions in number form.
Demonstrates the role of perception in handling the processing information from the environment and the way in which our personalities affect our perception. Reviews the research of Dr. Herman Witkin of the State University of New York Medical Center, Dr. Eleanor Gibson of Cornell University, and Dr. Richard D. Walk of George Washington University.
John Ciardi, Iolani Luahine, Kaupena Wong, Joseph Kahaulelio, Joan Shigekawa, Marly Russell, Larry Spiegel, Dennis Maitland, Bob Cosner, Lane Slate, James MacAllen, Don Kellerman
Summary:
A documentary about Hawaii. The show covers the unification of the Hawaiian islands under King Kamehameha I as well as traditional Hawaiian dances and music.
Illustrates the variety of environments in which plants survive, and shows adaptations developed by various plants for survival and reproduction within their own environment. The role of man as a mediator of environment is shown as he modifies living conditions of plants, and then must provide protection for them. The viewer is encouraged to search for adaptations in the plant world around him.
Describes the operation, principles, and scientific use of reactors. Shows types of research reactors make possible. Describes the Gamma Ray Spectrometer, the Neutron Chopper, and the new Janus reactor which is designed specifically for high and low level radiation experiments in biology.
Huyghens (HY-gunz) discovery that Saturn is surrounded by rings which look different on earth at different times led to considerable speculation as to the nature of the rings. Some scientists believed they were solid, others maintained they were made up of particles of matter, as is actually the case. Among Huyghens’ other discoveries was the triangular expanse on Mars (“Syrtis Major”), which may be an expanse of vegetation. He also invented a very fine eyepiece, still used by physicists, which overcomes color spread. And “Huyghens Principle” regarding light spread is also constantly in use. Despite early illness and his resulting weak constitution, Huyghens was able to make discoveries that have been inestimable use to scientists who came after him.
Discusses research being conducted at the Carnegie Institute of Technology to evolve new theories about mental processes. Shows Dr. Bert Green demonstrating his computer experiments with the perception of motion and depth, Dr. Herbert Simon using the computer to present his theory of how human beings memorize, and Dr. Allan Newall showing how the computer was responsible for creating a new theory about human problem solving.
Indicates that the problem of getting to Mars of Venus, heretofore a concern only to science fiction writers and afficionados, has now become an international obsession. Shows that the strides being made in the space race would not be possible were it not for the work of Copernicus and other scientists of his stature. States that it was Copernicus who realized that the earth is not the center of the universe but merely one of many heavenly bodies, all moving according to a definite system.
Dr. Ray Koppelman, University of Chicago, American Institute of Biological Sciences
Summary:
Diversity of life resulting from evolution: recognition and treatment of diversity –definitions and taxonomic approaches; results of diversity in the plant kingdom; results of diversity in the animal kingdom, with particular emphasis on the evolution of man; diversity in time –divergence, convergence, extinction, the fossil record diversity in space –ecological relations in a habitat.
Ellis Katzman, Elbert C. Weaver, John A. Skarulis, William H. Pasfield, Ross Lowell, Herman J. Engel, Robert Braverman, Peter Robinson, Geraldine Lerner, Max J. Rosenberg, Fisher Scientific Company
Summary:
Demonstrates the differences between saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions; that solutions are dynamic, not static in character; and also shows suspensions and colloidal dispersions. Presents characteristics of solutions and explains insolubility, solutions without chemical reactions, mixtures, suspensions, and the Tyndall effect in colloidal dispersions.
The first program deals largely with Steichen’s life and his development as a photographer. He comments on the first camera he use (a Kodak), the years before he came to New York City, his “romantic” period in the 1890’s, his work with photography for advertising, his stay in France when he was for a while very active as a painter, his reactions to modern art, and his feelings about the influence of painting on his photography. Steichen’s photographs are used throughout the program to complement his description of life and work, and he often gives detailed analysis of these photographs.
The first part of the program is devoted to Steichen’s memorable and world-famous exhibit, “The Family of Man.” Steichen explains his preoccupation with the forms and development of human life; the exhibit, and many of the photographs shown during the course of the program, emphasize the preoccupation. Steichen and Rene d’Harnoncourt also discuss his association with the fashion magazine Vanity Fair, his ideas on journalistic photography, and his work in Hollywood and in advertising, his photographic experiments, his experiences during World War I, his exhibitions and the ideas governing them, his work now in progress, and his plans for future exhibitions.
The third program consists of a detailed analysis of photographs. Steichen and a young photographer move from picture to picture while Steichen explains the mechanical and technical problems they presented and the ideas or interests that prompted his focusing on one or another subject. They also examine pictures taken by such noted photographers as Lewis Hines and Edward Weston. Of particular interest are Steichen’s comments on symbolist photography and his reasons for abandoning experiments he began in this area. At the program’s end, Steichen speaks generally about the future of photography, and of the things we have to learn about and from our fellow man.
Considers the question, "Will machines ever run man?" Concludes that although the computer is the machine most like man himself, it is not the machine but man who determines what is to be done.
Discusses the future in terms of the areas that now interest scientists at the Argonne National Laboratories. Indicates problems that are still to be solved concerning the effects of radiation, the peaceful use of radiation, and the dangers of radiation.
Shows some properties that distinguish gases. The volume of ammonia and hydrogen chloride that combine are measured quantitatively, and simple integer volume ratios are measured for the combinations of hydrogen and chlorine. Interprets these simple integer ratios in terms of Avogadro's hypothesis.
Much of today’s exploration of space would be impossible without the early astronomical discoveries of Hipparchus (hih-PAR-kus). According to Dr. Posin, the greatest of these discoveries was that“the tip of the axis of the earth, through the centuries, make a circle in the heavens.” With the help of work done by scientists before him, such as Archimedes, Hipparchus was able to find ways of determining longitudes on earth and in the sky, thereby laying important groundwork for astronomical discoveries through the ages.
Introduces basic principles of the lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw, and shows common usage of each. Shows the crowbar as a lever, and shows a doorknob as an example of a wheel and axle. Pictures the raising of the flag to illustrate the use of a pulley. Shows stairs as an example of an inclined plane, pictures carpenters driving nails as wedges, and presents the operation of an auto jack as an example of a screw.
Introduces the series and establishes some basic knowledge about radiation which is necessary for a clear understanding of the following programs. Discusses the meaning of radiation, its natural sources, and the various forms it takes. Using a variety of devices points out the difference between alpha and beta particles and between gamma and X-rays.
Discusses the work of Newton, who was born the day Galileo died, and was a contemporary and friend of Huyghens. Describes Newton's Principia Mathematica, one of the greatest scientific books ever written which was published through his friendship with Halley, another outstanding scientist of the time. Briefly discusses Newton's most important contributions to science which were his theories of light and prisms, and of motion and bodies in space.
As a boy, Maxwell was subject to the brutal teasing of his classmates. As an adult he met and solved several scientific problems that had been perplexing his contemporaries. He won a prize for demonstrating mathematically the nature of the rings around Saturn. But his most important achievement, which was at once the result of Faraday’s experiments and the beginning of much important new work by later scientists in physics and electricity, was his contribution to the study of electromagnetics and his predictions of the existence of electromagnetic waves. The processes and apparatuses he used are sketched in detail by Dr. Posin. The topic is a complicated one, but worth the attention of anyone who intends to pursue modern physics on his own.