201. The new age (1:01:35)

Date:
1964
Summary:
Mr. Hoffer begins his discussion of “The New Age” by pointing out that it is generally, though falsely, referred to in America as the “Age of the Masses” (i.e. mass communications, mass consumption, mass production). He explains that it is no longer the masses who control the political and economic life of the country. In politics, it is the intellectual who is the general, the diplomat, the ruler. Economically, with the rise of automation, it is the intellectual with the machine who is replacing the many laborers and their hands. Mr. Hoffer then compares the intellectual of the past and present in this country. In the past, the intellectual of America, in much the same manner as today’s European, Asian and African intellectual, was a colonial and ruled with the attitude of a colonial. He demanded absolute obedience and power, and his interests were not so much with the needs of the masses as with the construction and initiation of imposing works and great ideas. In contrast to the “Old Colonialism” of America’s intellectual of the past, the “New colonialist” intellectual of America today rose from the masses and his interests lie with the needs and demands of the masses. Mr. Hoffer describes the “New Colonialist” intellectual as “the man in the business suit who looks like everyone else.” Economically, he is interested in wages, clothing and feeding the people. Politically, he wants not blind obedience but the enthusiastic approval and support of the masses for his projects and ideas. He concludes by stating his believe that the “Old Colonialism” of today’s European, Asian and African intellectual leaders should learn from the “New Colonialism” of America.

202. Portrait-Curtis LeMay with Harry Reasoner (32:48)

Date:
1963-07-11
Main contributors:
Harry Reasoner, Curtis LeMay
Summary:
In this episode of Portrait, Harry Reasoner interviews Air Force Chief of Staff General Curtis LeMay. Reasoner questions LeMay on his military career and the changes in the air force from when he first enlisted to the present. Reasoner also questions LeMay about the likelihood of war with the Soviet Union and how well prepared America is for a war.

203. CBS Washington Report (30:15)

Date:
1963-06-09
Main contributors:
Marvin Kalb, George Herman, Paul Niven, Dan Rather, Ben Flynn, Robert Camfiord
Summary:
This episode of CBS Washington Report covers the Civil Right Movement and showdown between Governor Wallace and the Kennedy administration over the implementation of desegregation at the University of Alabama. The other news story is about world hunger and its relation to overpopulation.

204. Seminar-Technical Production & Accounting (52:09)

Date:
1963-03-27
Main contributors:
Unknown
Summary:
An informative seminar about the production and accounting of a television series. The hosts give a demonstration of the process a studio goes through in preparation for shooting a show.

205. Exploring the human nervous system (22:50)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Compares the nervous systems of the hydra and earthworm with the complexity of the human nervous system. Details the physiology of the reflex arc and explains the activities of certain brain centers. Pictures laboratory experiments in which the encephalograph is used and explains its functions. Shows application of knowledge to actual techniques in brain surgery.

206. Globes : an introduction (54:03)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Pictures the globe as a model of the earth and points out the representative shape and color of land and water areas. Identifies the continents and compares their sizes and locations. Uses animation to show the character of the ocean floor. Explains the poles and scales of latitude and compares various types of globes.

207. High temperature research (18:24)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Describes various phases of high temperature research, giving examples of compounds being used, goals of the research, and some results to date. Discusses procedures being used, with emphasis on procedures with titanium sulfide.

208. Highball highway (11:27)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Points out the danger of a drunk driver. Uses laboratory tests to show that the ability to drive diminishes in proportion to alcohol consumption. One man's experience is presented to stress the personal misery which can result from drinking before you drive.

209. House of Dreams (1:10:53)

Date:
1963
Main contributors:
Berry, Robert
Summary:
Lee Hansen, a young horror writer who is struggling creatively, has recurring dreams of an odd abandoned house. In his dreams, he sees prophetic visions of the deaths of his loved ones. Where does the dream end and reality begin?

210. Man's Struggle for Uniqueness (30:18)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Reviews Eric Hoffer's views on man as a truly free being. Describes check of absolute power and struggle away from the animal in man as prerequisites to freedom. Reveals play as one of the best times for man to receive insight.

211. Profile of the Southern Moderate (59:45)

Date:
1963
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Presents several Southerners who advocate viewpoints and actions which are at variance with extremists on both sides of the civil rights issue. Interviews Governor Carl E. Sanders of Georgia; R. E. McIver, a businessman of Conway, South Carolina: The Reverend James L. Hooten, minister of the First Christian Church, Savannah, Alabama; Beverly Briley, Mayor of Nashville, Tennessee; and Eleanor Sheppard (Mrs. Thomas E.), Mayor of Richmond, Virginia. Indicates that the differences of attitudes and approaches to civil rights presented provided insight into a range of viewpoints which would add sanity and stability to the South in the present period of crisis.

212. Role of the weak (29:29)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Reveals the intense feeling for the weak individual and the place in society which Eric Hoffer has achieved. Describes working as source of power for these people. Focuses on Hoffer's systematized mode of living with its inherent difficulties for the weak individual.

213. Sometimes harmonious, sometimes not (29:38)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Presents, in fable form, the philosophical question of free will versus determinism. The mannequins in a store window come to life and threaten the window dresser. Cartoon figures--symbolizing man--watch the action in the window and react in various but accepted ways.

214. Thai Images of the Buddha (14:03)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Documents the principal works of ancient statuary which constituted the core of the exhibition, The Arts of Thailand, which came to the United States in the form of a traveling exhibition in 1960. Presents the transformation of the Buddha image from the representation of a revered teacher to that of a supreme deity. Makes the point that one cannot understand Thailand today if one fails to see how faithfully the psychology of a nation is mirrored in its depiction of the Buddha throughout the centuries.

215. The control revolution (29:04)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Explains how the development of the computer has made possible the automatic control of routine tasks in government, industry, and general business. Includes demonstrations of the use of computers by the Social Security Administration, by a medium-sized industrial plant, by a machine corporation, and at an oil refinery. Comments on the value of computers in administration and management.

216. The department of health, education and welfare (14:36)

Date:
1963
Main contributors:
Erling M. Hunt, Wade Arnold, Abraham Ribicoff, Center for Mass Communication, Columbia University Press
Summary:
Discusses the purposes and functions of the five major divisions within the department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Describes the several offices, agencies, and bureaus, and indicates how these deal with foods, drugs, social security, vocational rehabilitation, and education. Emphasizes that the major concern of the department is to benefit individuals in their living. Narrated by Abraham Ribicoff, a former secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

217. The department of health, education and welfare (14:36)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Discusses the purposes and functions of the five major divisions within the department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Describes the several offices, agencies, and bureaus, and indicates how these deal with foods, drugs, social security, vocational rehabilitation, and education. Emphasizes that the major concern of the department is to benefit individuals in their living. Narrated by Abraham Ribicoff, a former secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

218. The dynamics of the circle (14:20)

Date:
1963
Main contributors:
Mannis Charosh, Pelican Films
Summary:
Describes a geometric circle and defines and illustrates such terms as radius, congruent circles, chord, diameter, major and minor arcs, semicircles, and central angle. Shows the relationship between a central angle and its arc; presents methods for proving arcs equal in degrees and length; and describes the relationships of a diameter, a chord, and its intersected arcs.

219. The Expressive Society (29:22)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Focuses upon actress Ingrid Thulin and producer-director Ingmar Bergman. Shows Miss Thulin at home and at work as she comments upon the acting profession in Sweden. Presents background to the development of Bergman. Contains scenes from some of his work, including "Winter Light" in which Miss Thulin played the leading female part.

220. The Nature of Man (29:50)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Presents Eric Hoffer in an extended dialogue on man's weaknesses and how they relate to the total process of learning to become human. Describes human nature as highly unnatural in comparison with the simplicity of the physical sciences. Reviews man's struggle to survive by attempting the impossible and overcoming his weakness.

221. The ordeal of change (1:00:11)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Mr. Hoffer discusses with Mr. Day how change affects an individual’s self-esteem. He considers change in relation to the problems of African-Americans, the under-developed countries of Asia and Africa, and popular upheavals in communist countries. He says: “Times of drastic change are times of passion. We can never be fit and ready for that which is wholly new. We have to adjust ourselves, and every radical adjustment is a crisis in self-esteem. We undergo a test; we have to prove ourselves. A population subjected to drastic change is thus a population of misfits, and misfits live and breathe in an atmosphere of passion.”

222. The regional campuses of Indiana University (16:32)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Pictures and describes the regional campuses of Indiana University, pointing out their function and relationship to the University as a whole. Shows activities at the campuses, both inside the classroom and out. Emphasizes the educational opportunities offered the citizens of Indiana through the regional campuses.

223. The role of the intellectual (1:00:07)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Mr. Hoffer discusses with Mr. Day the question of what happens when intellectuals gain control of a country. He explains why he believes that Asian and African intellectuals fear America, suggests that a society controlled by intellectuals is not conducive to creative activity, and explains his view that a scribe – a man of words – is a dangerous man when he becomes a man of action. Mr. Hoffer maintains that an intellectual is not at home in a free society.

224. Why communication satellites? (12:25)

Date:
1963
Summary:
Uses animation and live-action photography to explain the need for satellites in long distance radio and television communication. Compares three types of communication satellites which have been launched--Echo, Telstar, and Syncom--explains their capabilities, and suggests future uses of satellites for space communication.

225. Portrait #1-Marion Anderson with Eric Sevareid (31:27)

Date:
1962-10-13
Main contributors:
Eric Sevareid, Marian Anderson, Philip Gittelman, Martin Carr
Summary:
In this episode of Portrait, Eric Sevareid interviews singer Marion Anderson. During the interview Anderson explains how her mother's support was one of the reasons for her successful singing career. She also reflects on when she had to perform at an outdoor concert in front of the Lincoln Memorial because the Daughters of the American Revolution prohibited her from singing in Constitution Hall because she was black. Other parts of the interview include Anderson talking about her European and Asian tours, her start in opera singing, her religious beliefs, and her personal life. Throughout the episode clips are shown of Marion Anderson singing throughout her career.

226. Money Talks IV: Government and Business (30:02)

Date:
1962-08-24
Main contributors:
John R. Coleman, David Schoenbrun, Perry Wolff, Bruce Minnix
Summary:
In the fourth episode of Money Talks, Dr. John R. Coleman discusses the potential conflicts of interests that might arise between government and businesses. Both the government and businesses want to have competition in the economy. Coleman explains how the government and businesses might have differing opinions on how to best implement healthy competition in the economy He illustrates this point by examining monopolies, labor, profits, and subsidies from the point of view of both the government and businesses. Coleman states the government and businesses need to have thoughtful economic discussions to maintain a strong healthy economy. David Schoenbrun concludes the episode by analyzing whether President Kennedy is anti-business.

227. Money Talks: Goals and Growth (35:35)

Date:
1962-08-20
Main contributors:
John R. Coleman, David Schoenbrun, Perry Wolff, Bruce Minnix
Summary:
Dr. John R. Coleman explains economic concepts that enable people to measure and analyze the economy such as gross national product, consumer price index, and stock market index. He also explains how labor resources can be measured through the employment/unemployment rate and that there is a correlation between the employment rate and the consumer price index. Coleman concludes the episode by explaining different ways to increase the gross national product and the consequences behind each action.

228. Breck golden showcase: Noah and the flood (54:23)

Date:
1962-06-12
Main contributors:
Igor Stravinsky, New York City Ballet, The Columbia Symphony Orchestra and Chorus, Kirk Browning, Laurence Harvey, George Balanchine, Robert D. Graff, Edward Villella, Rouben Ter-Arutunian, Sebastian Cabot, Elsa Lanchester, Paul Tripp, John Readon, Robert Oliver, Richard Robinson, Jacques D'Amboise, Jillana, Raman Segarra, Joysanne Sidimus, Robert Tamplin, Robert Craft, Jack Richardson, John McClure, Gregg Smith, Rowland Vance, Ted Miller, Paul Shiers, Bob Barry, Wes Laws, Sextant Production
Summary:
In 1960 CBS commissioned renown composer, Igor Stravinsky, to compose a new ballet composition, Noah and the Flood, that would be adapted for a TV special. This was supposed to be one out of an eight part series of TV specials that featured prominent artists. Most of these specials never came to fruition. The ballet told the story of Noah and the Flood with symbolic references to other biblical narratives. The choreography was directed by George Balanchine and the ballet was performed by the New York City Ballet. An addition to the performance the TV special also included an overview of Stravinsky’s career and an exposition of the biblical context. The performance was aired on CBS in 1962 with Breck shampoo as the sponsor. The TV special received a negative reception. Many critics complained the added exposition and narration detracted from the performance. In addition the critics thought Noah and the Flood was not the best work Stravinsky and Blanchine had produced in their careers.

229. Washington Conversation: Senator John C. Stennis (25:11)

Date:
1962-05-27
Main contributors:
Paul Niven, John C. Stennis, Michael J. Marlow, Clark Pangle
Summary:
In this interview John C. Stennis, the senator of Mississippi, discusses the civil right bills being brought forth before Congress and how he considers them to be unconstitutional. Stennis explains his support for racial segregation and and his opposition to the bill that would later become the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Stennis is also questioned about the political realignment in America and the Republicans' growing support in the south.

230. Washington Conversation: Martin Luther King (26:01)

Date:
1962-05-20
Main contributors:
CBS, WTOP-TV, Paul Niven, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Bill Linden, Michael J. Marlow
Summary:
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is interviewed by CBS news correspondent Paul Niven about his goals and reflections on the Civil Rights Movement. Some of the topics MLKJ addressed in the interview are interracial marriages, his childhood experience with racism, his father attitude to racism and segregation, Mahatma Gandhi, and his views on John F. Kennedy response to civil right issues.

231. Washington Conversation: Carl Hayden (25:05)

Date:
1962-02-18
Main contributors:
Paul Niven, Carl Hayden, Michael J. Marlow, Bill Linden
Summary:
Senator Carl Hayden is interviewed about his life and his political career. Hayden recounts his time serving as a sheriff in Arizona and how Congress had changed since he first arrived in Washington.

232. "It's the humidity" (13:04)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Uses common everyday examples of the effects of humidity to introduce and explain this idea. Shows Kay, an attractive teenager, and her adventures with a violin, a stuck drawer, and drying off at the pool as these processes are influenced by the humidity. Animates an explanation of dew, relative humidity, and dew point. Shows and explains several weather instruments for measuring humidity.

233. A universe of numbers (28:55)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Traces the history of computer development from the first mechanical calculators to ENIAC, the first electronic computer. Explains in lay terms how a modern digital computer stores both data and instructions in number form.

234. A World to Perceive (1:01:59)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Demonstrates the role of perception in handling the processing information from the environment and the way in which our personalities affect our perception. Reviews the research of Dr. Herman Witkin of the State University of New York Medical Center, Dr. Eleanor Gibson of Cornell University, and Dr. Richard D. Walk of George Washington University.

235. Accent: Hawaii (39:21)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
John Ciardi, Iolani Luahine, Kaupena Wong, Joseph Kahaulelio, Joan Shigekawa, Marly Russell, Larry Spiegel, Dennis Maitland, Bob Cosner, Lane Slate, James MacAllen, Don Kellerman
Summary:
A documentary about Hawaii. The show covers the unification of the Hawaiian islands under King Kamehameha I as well as traditional Hawaiian dances and music.

236. Adaptation in plants (17:21)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Illustrates the variety of environments in which plants survive, and shows adaptations developed by various plants for survival and reproduction within their own environment. The role of man as a mediator of environment is shown as he modifies living conditions of plants, and then must provide protection for them. The viewer is encouraged to search for adaptations in the plant world around him.

237. Atomic furnaces (29:19)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Describes the operation, principles, and scientific use of reactors. Shows types of research reactors make possible. Describes the Gamma Ray Spectrometer, the Neutron Chopper, and the new Janus reactor which is designed specifically for high and low level radiation experiments in biology.

238. Christian Huyghens (1629 to 1695) (29:25)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Huyghens (HY-gunz) discovery that Saturn is surrounded by rings which look different on earth at different times led to considerable speculation as to the nature of the rings. Some scientists believed they were solid, others maintained they were made up of particles of matter, as is actually the case. Among Huyghens’ other discoveries was the triangular expanse on Mars (“Syrtis Major”), which may be an expanse of vegetation. He also invented a very fine eyepiece, still used by physicists, which overcomes color spread. And “Huyghens Principle” regarding light spread is also constantly in use. Despite early illness and his resulting weak constitution, Huyghens was able to make discoveries that have been inestimable use to scientists who came after him.

239. Computers and Human Behavior (29:13)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Discusses research being conducted at the Carnegie Institute of Technology to evolve new theories about mental processes. Shows Dr. Bert Green demonstrating his computer experiments with the perception of motion and depth, Dr. Herbert Simon using the computer to present his theory of how human beings memorize, and Dr. Allan Newall showing how the computer was responsible for creating a new theory about human problem solving.

240. Copernicus (1473-1543) (29:28)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Indicates that the problem of getting to Mars of Venus, heretofore a concern only to science fiction writers and afficionados, has now become an international obsession. Shows that the strides being made in the space race would not be possible were it not for the work of Copernicus and other scientists of his stature. States that it was Copernicus who realized that the earth is not the center of the universe but merely one of many heavenly bodies, all moving according to a definite system.

242. Diversity in Plant and Animals (30:26)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Dr. Ray Koppelman, University of Chicago, American Institute of Biological Sciences
Summary:
Diversity of life resulting from evolution: recognition and treatment of diversity –definitions and taxonomic approaches; results of diversity in the plant kingdom; results of diversity in the animal kingdom, with particular emphasis on the evolution of man; diversity in time –divergence, convergence, extinction, the fossil record diversity in space –ecological relations in a habitat.

244. Dynamics of solution (14:57)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Ellis Katzman, Elbert C. Weaver, John A. Skarulis, William H. Pasfield, Ross Lowell, Herman J. Engel, Robert Braverman, Peter Robinson, Geraldine Lerner, Max J. Rosenberg, Fisher Scientific Company
Summary:
Demonstrates the differences between saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions; that solutions are dynamic, not static in character; and also shows suspensions and colloidal dispersions. Presents characteristics of solutions and explains insolubility, solutions without chemical reactions, mixtures, suspensions, and the Tyndall effect in colloidal dispersions.

245. Edward Steichen : part I (29:48)

Date:
1962
Summary:
The first program deals largely with Steichen’s life and his development as a photographer. He comments on the first camera he use (a Kodak), the years before he came to New York City, his “romantic” period in the 1890’s, his work with photography for advertising, his stay in France when he was for a while very active as a painter, his reactions to modern art, and his feelings about the influence of painting on his photography. Steichen’s photographs are used throughout the program to complement his description of life and work, and he often gives detailed analysis of these photographs.

246. Edward Steichen : part II (29:42)

Date:
1962
Summary:
The first part of the program is devoted to Steichen’s memorable and world-famous exhibit, “The Family of Man.” Steichen explains his preoccupation with the forms and development of human life; the exhibit, and many of the photographs shown during the course of the program, emphasize the preoccupation. Steichen and Rene d’Harnoncourt also discuss his association with the fashion magazine Vanity Fair, his ideas on journalistic photography, and his work in Hollywood and in advertising, his photographic experiments, his experiences during World War I, his exhibitions and the ideas governing them, his work now in progress, and his plans for future exhibitions.

247. Edward Steichen : part III (29:41)

Date:
1962
Summary:
The third program consists of a detailed analysis of photographs. Steichen and a young photographer move from picture to picture while Steichen explains the mechanical and technical problems they presented and the ideas or interests that prompted his focusing on one or another subject. They also examine pictures taken by such noted photographers as Lewis Hines and Edward Weston. Of particular interest are Steichen’s comments on symbolist photography and his reasons for abandoning experiments he began in this area. At the program’s end, Steichen speaks generally about the future of photography, and of the things we have to learn about and from our fellow man.

248. Engine at the door (29:31)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Considers the question, "Will machines ever run man?" Concludes that although the computer is the machine most like man himself, it is not the machine but man who determines what is to be done.

249. Foundations for the future (29:37)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Discusses the future in terms of the areas that now interest scientists at the Argonne National Laboratories. Indicates problems that are still to be solved concerning the effects of radiation, the peaceful use of radiation, and the dangers of radiation.

250. Frontier boy of the early Midwest (15:23)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
See Other Contributors
Summary:
Presents through the experiences of a boy, insights into numerous aspects of frontier life in the Midwest. Illustrates the importance of the school, the self-sufficiency of the settlers, and the developing economic system evidenced in peddlers, the country gristmill, and stores in frontier towns using barter to acquire and sell goods. Social life is pictured through scenes of a quilting bee, men discussing politics and market prices, games and a spelling bee. Everyday events in the life of a Midwest settler's family from a child's viewpoint. School and community activities as well as home life.

251. Gases and how they combine (22:01)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Shows some properties that distinguish gases. The volume of ammonia and hydrogen chloride that combine are measured quantitatively, and simple integer volume ratios are measured for the combinations of hydrogen and chlorine. Interprets these simple integer ratios in terms of Avogadro's hypothesis.

252. Hipparchus (146 to 127 B.C.) (29:26)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Much of today’s exploration of space would be impossible without the early astronomical discoveries of Hipparchus (hih-PAR-kus). According to Dr. Posin, the greatest of these discoveries was that“the tip of the axis of the earth, through the centuries, make a circle in the heavens.” With the help of work done by scientists before him, such as Archimedes, Hipparchus was able to find ways of determining longitudes on earth and in the sky, thereby laying important groundwork for astronomical discoveries through the ages.

253. How machines help us (13:02)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Introduces basic principles of the lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw, and shows common usage of each. Shows the crowbar as a lever, and shows a doorknob as an example of a wheel and axle. Pictures the raising of the flag to illustrate the use of a pulley. Shows stairs as an example of an inclined plane, pictures carpenters driving nails as wedges, and presents the operation of an auto jack as an example of a screw.

254. Introduction to Music Reading (11:52)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Uses animation to compare written music symbols with written words and emphasizes that music is a written language with its own symbols. Introduces the five-line staff and the G clef as the basic structures upon which music is written. Shows how to develop pitch memory, introduces a basic rhythmic and tonal vocabulary, and combines these vocabularies into songs.

255. Invisible bullets (29:39)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Introduces the series and establishes some basic knowledge about radiation which is necessary for a clear understanding of the following programs. Discusses the meaning of radiation, its natural sources, and the various forms it takes. Using a variety of devices points out the difference between alpha and beta particles and between gamma and X-rays.

256. Isaac Newton (1642-1727) (29:16)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Discusses the work of Newton, who was born the day Galileo died, and was a contemporary and friend of Huyghens. Describes Newton's Principia Mathematica, one of the greatest scientific books ever written which was published through his friendship with Halley, another outstanding scientist of the time. Briefly discusses Newton's most important contributions to science which were his theories of light and prisms, and of motion and bodies in space.

257. James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) (29:07)

Date:
1962
Summary:
As a boy, Maxwell was subject to the brutal teasing of his classmates. As an adult he met and solved several scientific problems that had been perplexing his contemporaries. He won a prize for demonstrating mathematically the nature of the rings around Saturn. But his most important achievement, which was at once the result of Faraday’s experiments and the beginning of much important new work by later scientists in physics and electricity, was his contribution to the study of electromagnetics and his predictions of the existence of electromagnetic waves. The processes and apparatuses he used are sketched in detail by Dr. Posin. The topic is a complicated one, but worth the attention of anyone who intends to pursue modern physics on his own.

258. Learning about Learning (29:44)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Outlines the work of Dr. Howard Kendler of New York University, Dr. Tracy Kendler of Barnard College, Dr. Kenneth Spence of the State University of Iowa, Dr. Harry Harlow of the University of Wisconsin, and Dr. B. F. Skinner of Harvard University in exploring the different strategies employed in developing new theoretical concepts about man's ability to learn. Shows how the work of these men has influenced methods of instruction in schools and colleges.

259. Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) (28:56)

Date:
1962
Summary:
States that only a lack of engineers and adequate materials kept the helicopter from being an actuality during da Vinci's lifetime. Pictures this great inventor creating workable plans for the helicopter, the submarine, and hundreds of other "modern" inventions--all backed by scientific data. According to Dr. Posin, Leonardo "was always lured by the subtle, the fleeting, the unknown--this was the artist in him. Yet he searched for exact reasons and causes and logic--this was the scientist."

260. Michael Faraday (1791-1867) (30:08)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Scientists discover things either by making plans for experiments and then following them doggedly, or by pursuing the implications of unexpected events or findings. It was in the latter way that Michael Faraday made one of his most important discoveries in the field of electricity. Dr. Posin discusses the men preceding Faraday, who had worked with electricity -- Volta, Benjamin Franklin, the Danish scientist HC Oersted (1777-1851) -- and the discoveries each made. He then turns to the work, and some pictures and models of the apparatus, for which Faraday is best known. In particular, he demonstrates the experiment by which Faraday proved that magnetism can produce electricity. He also performs an experiment with electrically charged fish like the electric eel or the Gymnotus.

261. Pegasus without wings (29:31)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Discusses whether the artist is free to express himself regardless of public understanding, public acceptance, or public rejection. Dramatizes the incidents surrounding a citizen's donation of a statue for a town square. The artist commissioned to do the work has fashioned a piece of iron sculpture which depicts what he feels is the horse's spirit instead of its outward form. At the dedication of the statue in the town square, the crowd voices mixed reactions to the sculpture. More and stronger objections are climaxed in attempt to destroy the iron horse. The donor finally removes the iron horse to his own estate where, on top of a rise, it dominates the landscape in splendid exile.

262. Radiation and the population (29:34)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Points out that genetic damage is one of the most serious effects of radiation and shows how the Atomic Energy Commission's genetics research program is geared to learn how radiation damages cells and what the long term effects of such damage might be. Presents Douglas Grahn, a geneticist in the Division of the Biology Medicine, explaining how radiation causes mutations and how these mutations are passed on to succeeding generations. Describes the work of Herman Slatis, also a geneticist in the Division of Biology Medicine, with fruit flies and induced mutations. Discusses fallout and its implications.

263. Readiness... The Fourth R (19:23)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Presents physical education as an essential part of the modern school curriculum. John Glenn explains why the astronauts need to be ready physically and mentally for space travel. Describes how body motor skills are developed in early grades by tumbling, rope climbing, and rhythms. Pictures older students playing team games, as basketball and volleyball. Stresses the need for well-planned activities, accurate records, and competent, well-trained teachers.

264. Searching for the ultimate (29:33)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Describes research related to atomic structure through which the scientist is attempting to discover the structure of the universe. Shows how particle accelerators produce intense beams of radiation which enable study of the structure of the atom, the nucleus, and the basic components of the nucleus. Explains how accelerators operate and shows one of the world's largest particle accelerators, the Zero Gradient Synchrotron, a $50,000,000 machine still under construction. Describes the sub-nuclear particles in which the high energy physicist is interested and briefly discusses the concept of matter and anti-matter.

265. Settlement of the Mississippi Valley (16:14)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Encyclopaedia Britannica Films, Ray A. Billington, William F. Deneen, Henry Ford Museum, Indiana Department of Conservation, Ohio Historical Society
Summary:
The Northwest Territory in 1787; the acquisition of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 which opened up the Mississippi Valley. Reasons for people moving. Flatboat life on the Mississippi; coming of steamboats; development of manufacturing. Traces the early 1800 settlement of the Mississippi Valley after the Louisiana Territory purchase. Portrays the sturdy, self-sufficient people arriving by flatboats and wagons, clearing the wilderness for farming, and developing permanent communities. Shows the loyalty codes developed by men in claiming their acreages and in bidding for claims at land association auctions. The area craftsmen and tradesmen are seen at work in their shops.

266. The Aftermath of World War II: Prelude to the Cold War (23:36)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Part 1: Emphasizes the Allied Nations victory over the Axis Powers. Highlights the surrender of Japan and points out political and economic repercussions after World War 11. Pictures the War Crimes Trials, the forming of the United Nations, and the emergence of the U.S. and Russia as the two dominant powers. Part II: Breakup of the Grand Alliance, explores the reasons for the breakup of the Grand Alliance between the U.S. and Russia. Explains some of the factors contributing to the widening gap between the U.S. and Russia and leading to the Cold War.

267. The Chicago Picasso (32:17)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Traces the story of the "Chicago Picasso." Relates the artist's original conception of the Chicago sculpture, the people and processes involved in the fabrication, and finally the construction of the statue by a steel erection company. Visits the first major exhibit of the Picasso sculpture.

268. The dairy belt (1:07:31)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Thomas F. Barton, Daisy M. Jones, Roger Niemeyer, James W. Taylor, Indiana University Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Compares two dairy farms--one in Southeastern Wisconsin and the other in Central New York State. Shows the land use and cultural practices which reflect adaptation to such elements of the physical environment as topography, soil, precipitation, temperature, and length of growing season. Describes such man-made conditions that influence the marketing of milk as the proximity of farms to urban areas, sanitation requirements, and transportation and refrigeration facilities.

269. The fish that turned gold (16:14)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Indiana University. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Presents the story of a goldfish from spawning until the goldfish is sold to a child. Begins at the world's largest goldfish hatchery. Introduces the main character, Goldey, developing inside a goldfish egg and follows his growth. Shows the goldfish's appearance, size, natural habitat, food, and adjustment to a home aquarium environment. Provides story-telling material through a dream sequence involving Goldey and Silvey, a silver fantail.

270. The living solid (29:35)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Shows bone to be active, living substance, constantly remodeling and reforming itself. Emphasizes the importance of bone to the entire body as a supplier of calcium and illustrates the systems by which this calcium gets from bone to blood and vice versa. Effects of radiation are illustrated in photographs of bone cross-sections.

271. The Negro and the American Promise (59:39)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Brings together four prominent Negro leaders who discuss American Negroes' movement for racial and social equality, and their own motivations, doctrines, methods and goals. Features Negro leaders James Baldwin, Malcolm X, Martin Luther King, and Dr. Kenneth Clark as host.

272. The Social Animal (09:39)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Indiana University, Bloomington. Audio-Visual Center
Summary:
Investigates some of the ways in which man is influenced and changed by society. Demonstrates the effect of group pressure to conform and shows the consequences of publicly stating ideas contrary to one's private beliefs.

273. The Universal Machine (28:50)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Comments on the fact that the computer revolution represents a fundamentally different kind of advance because, unlike past industrial advances, the computer manipulates processed information at incredible speeds. Explains the problem of what to use as a universal "machine language."

274. The westward movement I : settlers of the Old Northwest Territory (15:06)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Depicts the historical development of the Northwest Territory describing the growth of government, the distribution of land, and the formation of a free educational system as set forth in the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. Illustrates the living conditions and problems involved in settling and expanding the area into a great agricultural region. Shows the development of the transportation system. Emphasizes the important contribution cooperation among pioneers made in settling this region.

275. Time : the surest poison (29:35)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Explores the natural process of aging and the methods used in its study. Indicates that aging might be considered one of the deleterious side effects of radiation. Shows that since radiation injury resembles natural aging in so many ways, radiation has proved one of the best ways of studying the aging process. Points out how research on aging is conducted in the Argonne National Laboratory's animal quarters and in low level gamma irradiation room.

276. Tracing airborne radioactivity (1:00:59)

Date:
1962
Summary:
How does the air cleanse itself of poisonous substances, including radioactive substances? Philip Gustafson, a biologist in the Division of Biological and Medical Research, and Henry Moses of the Division of Radiological Physics, examine atmospheric fallout and methods now being used to determine and study such fallout. They relate current fallout studies to man and to his environment.

277. Tracing living cells (29:28)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Illustrates how the use of radioactive isotopes in the study of cell division and in medical therapy has helped man overcome disease. Demonstrates some of the many helpful and healthful uses of atomic energy.

278. Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) (29:00)

Date:
1962
Summary:
Acknowledge as one of the greatest observational astronomers who ever lived, Tycho (TY-ko) Brahe (BRAH-ee) managed to make enormous strides without the help of telescopes. During his lifetime he discovered that comets are the product of interplanetary space rather than of the earth, as had long been believed. His inventions included a number of highly accurate instruments, and among his publications was a most valuable table of refractions. Toward the end of his life, he was joined by Johannes Kepler, who functioned as Brahe’s assistant and, after the great astronomer’s death, continued the work his friend had begun.

279. Washington Conversation: Arthur Goldberg & newscast (32:33)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Paul Niven, Arthur Goldberg, Michael J. Marlow, Bill Linden, Ned Calmer
Summary:
Secretary of Labor, Arthur Goldberg, discussed labor disputes in the steel industry and his role in settling other labor disputes in the United States. Other topics in the interview include the right of government employees to collective bargaining, the prosecution of James Hoffa, and government support of the arts. Following episode is a segment of Ned Calmer with the News which covered the story of Francis Gary Powers return to America.

280. Washington Conversation: Walter W. Heller (26:01)

Date:
1962
Main contributors:
Paul Niven, Walter W. Heller, Bill Linden, Michael J. Marlow
Summary:
Walter W. Heller, the Chairman of Economic Advisors, is interviewed about his entrance into economics and public service . Heller talks about the progress in the field of economics and how the Kennedy Administration is handling the United States’ debt and financing of the government's programs and projects. Heller also shares his opinions about the possibility of a tax cut and the different proposed solutions to fixing the economy.

281. Working with radiation (29:35)

Date:
1962
Summary:
When properly handled in the laboratory, radioactive materials constitute little danger. This program shows the precautions used in working with radiation as well as the research carried on at Argonne to gain more knowledge about handling radiation. “Hot Caves” (a cave is a radiation chamber) using mechanical slave manipulators, caves using the only electronic manipulators in the country, and giant caves using heavy duty manipulators illustrate the safety methods mentioned. Another demonstration outlines the method used to dispose of radioactive waste material. Guests are Stephen Lawroski, director of the Chemical Engineering Division and Coordinator of Engineering Research and Development, and Victor Munnecke, assistant director of the Chemical Engineering Division.

282. Washington Conversation: Alf Landon (50:52)

Date:
1961-12-17
Main contributors:
Alf Landon, Paul Niven
Summary:
In this interview former Kansas governor and 1936 Republican presidential candidate Alf Landon reflects on his political career and the presidential election of 1936.

283. Washington Conversation: Arturo Frondizi & WCBS news (35:10)

Date:
1961-10-08
Main contributors:
Paul Niven , Arturo Frondizi, Ned Calmer
Summary:
Argentinian president Arturo Frondizi is interviewed about Argentina political landscape. Some of the topics addressed in the interviewed include the role of students in politics, the political situation of Latin America, and the rise and fall of Perón. Following the Washington Conversation episode is the show Ned Calmer with the News.

284. Washington Conversation: Chester Bowles (31:00)

Date:
1961-04-07
Main contributors:
Paul Niven , Chester Bowles
Summary:
Chester Bowles discussed his advertising business and his transition into politics. Bowles shared his experience as Director of the Office of Price Administration during the World War II, governor of Connecticut, Ambassador to India, and Under Secretary of State. Bowles also shared his views and beliefs on international politics and United State foreign policies in particular the United States policy with China.

285. Twenty-Four Hours In a Woman's Life (1:19:30)

Date:
1961-03-24
Main contributors:
Ingrid Bergman, Rip Torn, John Williams, Lili Darvas, John Mortimer, Lars Schmidt, Gordon Duff, Silvio Narizzano
Summary:
Based on Stefan Zweig’s book, Twenty Four Hours In a Woman's Life was a CBS movie special sponsored by Revlon, starring Ingrid Bergman and Rip Torn. In the movie a wealthy girl, Helen, wants to run away from home and marry a man she has only known for 24 hours. Her family disapproves of the marriage and tries to prevent Helen from going through with it. To help Helen decide her future, her grandmother recounts her own experience in a similar situation when she fell in love with a gambler at Monte Carlo.

286. A Protestant philosophy of education (29:27)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Explains that diversity is part of the Protestant tradition and belief. States that although there is no single Protestant view, it is the Protestant heritage to drive toward excellence in education. Notes that any Protestant view holds that some appropriate way must be found of teaching in schools, that man does not live by bread alone, and that God exists and is sovereign. Feature personality is Merrimon Cunninggim, director of the Danforth Foundation in St. Louis.

287. A Roman Catholic View Of Education (29:19)

Date:
1961
Summary:
In a Catholic school the realities of God and Christ, the guidance, teaching and influences of the Church, the Christian ideals are presupposed and within this framework all physical and intellectual disciplines have their place. Includes scenes of an elementary classroom. Features Dean Robert J. Henie, S.J., of St. Louis University. (kinescope)

288. AD-Land Revisited (1:00:54)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Analyzes advertising in twentieth century America, and its dual function as mirror and molder of our culture. Demonstrates that admen have long been fluent with the familiar slogan, jingle, testimonial, and doctor's endorsement--by which values and dreams, rather than commodities, are made the fare of public consumption. Reminds us that we must guard against the temptation to make advertising the scapegoat for our own materialism, for admen can erect and support only the images that society tacitly permits.

289. An experimental approach to education (29:15)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Defines experimentalism as a systematic theory of education stemming from the work of John Dewey. States that the experimentalist turns to experience rather than away from it. Indicates that intelligence, operating in quite human ways in relation to quite human problems, will give the answers that are needed to bring the newly born infant to maturity. Elucidates the experimentalist viewpoint, answers objections, and comments on a film sequence of a "progressive" classroom. Featured personality is H. Gordon Hullfish, professor of education at Ohio State University.

290. Best Sellers (29:36)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Presents an overview of best sellers of the 20th century and analyzes the continuities and contrasts in the literary tastes of the American public. Notes the persistency of "how-to" books, from those describing short-cuts to financial success to those on religious topics. Examines the concept of reading for escape and the ways in which it has changed over the years.

291. Cancer (29:40)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Discusses the relationship between viruses and cancer. Explains how viruses can cause cancers in animals and why it is believed they may be responsible for cancer in humans. Concludes by summarizing the important known facts about viruses. Indicates directions which future research in virology might take.

292. Communism in the U.S. (29:48)

Date:
1961
Summary:
This program traces the history of the Communist Party in the United States. The dramatic sequences feature a re-enactment of the Bridgeman Convention in 1921 and show how the Communist Party of the United States was controlled by the Communist International, and directed by it. Benjamin Gitlow, former General Secretary of the Communist Party of America and American representative to the Comintern in the 1920’s, is a special guest on the program. Mr. Gitlow was twice candidate for Vice President of the USA on the Communist Party ticket. Mr. Gitlow was expelled from the Communist Party of America in 1929, as a result of his refusal to accept a directive ordering himto yield leadership of the Party.

293. Culture for the Millions (1:01:25)

Date:
1961
Summary:
One common denominator of our culture, according to Dr. Dodds, is the people's desire for self-improvement. Describes an early American institution that endured until the 1920s--"Tent Chautauqua." Depicts Chautauqua as a source of inspiration, education, and entertainment, reaching hundreds of towns throughout the nation. Pictures Tent Chautauqua as quietly succumbing to the competition of radio and motion pictures, but indicates that its modern equivalent may be found, in a more sophisticated form, in our Great Books groups and adult education seminars.

294. Democracy and Politics (1:30:38)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Presents a political history of Japan from its early autocracy to the formation of its democratic government under the direction of the U. S. in 1945. Explains how Japan operates on two levels politically--outwardly it is a democracy, but beneath lies a spirit still predominantly authoritarian, expressed in bitter antagonism between the political parties. | Presents a political history of Japan from its early autocracy to the formation of its democratic government under the direction of the United States in 1945. Explains how Japan operates politically--outwardly as a democracy, but the dominant "domestic" spirit is authoritarian.

295. Design into space (11:03)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Students demonstrate the procedures that may be applied to fashion a space design. Details the making of an initial sketch, a three-dimensional model, and a final structure. Shows steps in the creation of space design usng metal, plastic, and other materials. Consultant, George Barford.

296. Determining molecular formulas (12:45)

Date:
1961
Main contributors:
Max J. Rosenberg, Ellis Katzman, Elbert C. Weaver, John A. Skarulis, William H. Pasfield, Herman J. Engel, Robert Braverman, Ross Lowell, Geraldine Lerner, Peter Robinson
Summary:
Records an experiment in which the molecular weight of a compound is determined through knowledge of the percentage composition by weight of the compound and application of Avogadro's Law. Animation is employed to show the differences in characteristics of two substances of identical composition through reference to the substances' molecular structure.

297. Dinosaurs in the Wall (09:36)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Visits Dinosaur National Monument in Utah and Colorado. Discusses the age of the dinosaur, how the dinosaur quarry was formed, and why the dinosaur became extinct. Illustrates with film footage of dinosaur quarry and photographs of dinosaurs and their enviroment as it existed 140,000,000 years ago.

298. Durer and the Renaissance (13:55)

Date:
1961
Main contributors:
Beatrice Farwell, Paul Falkenberg
Summary:
Discusses the life of Durer and the pivotal point he represented in connecting the artistic development of Italy and Northern Europe. Presents examples of his work that show his passage from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. Develops the idea that through a study of his work the fusing of his Gothic inheritance and the organic Renaissance can be observed.

299. Economic growth (28:53)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Presents a discussion of economic growth as a national goal. Reviews the causes and effects of inflation, unemployment, and rate of growth. Points out the effect of education on new employment patterns. Compares American and Soviet rates of expansion. Discusses problems of automation, standards of living, and the individual initiative in our economic position.

300. Education as intellectual discipline (29:04)

Date:
1961
Summary:
Comments on the importance of a disciplined mind and outlines the methods of obtaining intellectual discipline in a democratic society. Answers objections and comments on a filmed illustration. Featured personality is Arthur Bestor, professor of history at the University of Illinois.